O L E 
OLE 
fhould inure them to the open air by degrees, into which 
they fhould be removed, placing them in a iituation where 
they may be defended from ftrong winds; in this place they 
fhould remain till OXober following, when they nuift be 
removed into the green-houfe, as was before direXed. 
Having thus managed thefe plants until they have ac¬ 
quired ftrong roots, and made tolerable good heads, you 
may draw them out of tite pots, preferving the earth to 
their roots, and plant them in the open air in a warm 
iituation, where you mull manage them as was before 
direXed for the young ones ; and thefe will, in two or 
three years, produce flowers, and, in very w'arm feafons, 
fonte fruit, provided they do well. The Lucca and box¬ 
leaved olives are the hardieft, for which reafon they fhould 
be preferred to plant in the open air; but the firft fort will 
grow to be the largeft trees. 
OLEA'GINOUS, culj. [ oleaginus , from oleum , Lat.] 
Oily ; unXuous.—The fap, when it firft enters the root, 
is earthy, watery, poor, and fcarce oleaginous. Arbutlmot . 
OLEA'GINOUSNESS, /. Oilinefs.—In fpeaking of the 
oleaginoufnejs of urinous fpjrits, I employ the word molt, 
rather than all. Hoyle. 
OLEAN'DER, f. [ oleandre , Fr.] The plant rofebay. 
See Nerium. 
OLEA'RIUS (Adam), a learned German, whofe pro¬ 
per name was Oe/Jchlager, or Oilman, (which, according 
to a foolifh cuftom at that time, he thought fit to 
tranflate into Latin,) was born in 1603 at Afcherleben 
in Lower Saxony. He was for fome time a profeffor 
at Leipfic, which office he quitted for a place in the fer- 
vice of Frederic duke of Holftein-Gottorp. That prince 
had a plan of bringing a fhare of the commerce of the 
Levant to his new town of Frederickftadt; and for that 
purpofe fent an embafly to the czar of Mufcovy and the 
king of Perfia, which Olearius attended, in quality of 
feCretary and counfellor. Their million lafted from 1633 
to 1639 ; and Olearius drew up an account of the journey, 
in the German language, printed at Slefwick in 1656 and 
1671, folio, accompanied with figures defigned by him- 
fielf. This work is curious and much efteemed, and has 
been tranflated intofeveral languages. The author took 
up his refidence at Gottorp after his return, and was ap¬ 
pointed librarian, antiquary, and mathematician, to the 
duke. He died in 1671. He was well acquainted with 
mathematics, a lkilful mufician, and a proficient in the 
. oriental languages, efpecially the Perfian. His other 
works were, 2. The Valley of Perfian Rofes ; a ColleXion 
of pleafant Stories, ingenious Sayings, and ufeful Maxims, 
by tlie poet Shach-Saadi, tranflated into German ; folio, 
1654. 3. A Narrative of a Voyage to the Indies, by Al¬ 
bert de Mandeflo, with Remarks ; folio, 1658. 4. An 
abridged Chronicle of Holftein, from 1448 to 1663. 5. 
The Gottorp Cabinet of Curiofities ; 1666,1674. 
OLEA'RIUS (Godfrey), a learned German Lutheran 
divine, was born at Halle in Saxony, in the year 1604. 
His firft fituation in the church was that of deacon at 
Wittemberg; whence he removed to his native city, 
where he was appointed paftor of St. Ulrich’s church. 
Afterwards lie was created doXor of divinity; appointed 
paftor of St. Mary’s ; nominated luperior and infpec- 
tor of the Lutheran Gymnafium ; and, finally, made fu- 
perintendant of the churches in the duchy of Magde¬ 
burg, by the eleXor of Brandenburg. He died in the 
year 1683, at the age of eighty-one. He was the au¬ 
thor of, 1. Idea Pentateuchi. 2. Annotationes Biblicte 
Theoretico-praXicse. 3. Idea Difpoiitionum Librorum 
Prophetico-biblicorum. 4. Hypomnemata Evangelica. 
5. The Life of Chrift, from the Four Evangelifts, in 
German. 6. An Explication of the Book of Job, ditto. 
7. Sermons. 8. Controverfial Treatifes, &c. 
OLEA'RIUS (John), Ion of the preceding, and diftin- 
guiftied for his literary acquirements and laborious in- 
■duftry, was born at Halle in the year 1639. He applied 
with great diligence to the ftudy of the Latin, Greek, 
and Oriental, tongues, and made fuch a proficiency, that 
4~>o 
in the year 1660, he was honoured with the title of Doc¬ 
tor of Languages. He now directed his attention to the 
ftudy of divinity, and frequently appeared in the pulpit. 
Afterwards he vifited feveral of the principal German 
ainiverfities, and fettled at Leipfic in 1661. Here, wdiile 
he attended the leXures of the different learned profefiors, 
he taught philofophy and the claffics to private pupils. 
In 1664, he was appointed Greek profeflorat Leipfic ; and 
he fhowed how well qualified he was for this department, 
by the publication of fifty-two “ Exercitations on the 
Dominical Epiftles,” or, fuch feleXions from the Epiftles 
as were commonly' fixed upon for the fubjeXs of public 
exercifes and fermons in the Lutheran univerlities. In 
1668 he was created B.D. in 1677 he was appointed 
profeflbrof that faculty ; and, two years afterwards, D.D. 
Of his learning and induftry as a theological ftudent and 
profefl'or he has afforded fufficient evidence, by his Her- 
meneutica Sacra, his Moral Theology, his IntrodiiXion to 
Divinity, his hundred and fix Theological Difputations, 
his fixty-one Philofophical Difputations, his Programmas 
upon difficult Points, &c. He was one of the firft who 
engaged with CarpzOvius, Alberti, and Ittigius, in fur- 
nifhing contributions to the Leipfic Acts. Fie was chofen 
to fill the moll important ports in the univerfity of Leipfic, 
and was ten times raifed to the dignity of reXor. He 
died in 1713, wdien about feventy-four years of age. 
He had an elder brother, John-Godfrey, who was born 
in 1635, became one of the paftors of Halle, his native 
city', and died in 1710. He publifhed, in 1673, an oXavo 
volume, entitled Abacus Patrologicus, which confifts of 
fhort biographical notices of the fathers, doctors, hifto- 
rians, &c. of the Chriftian church, from the earlieft pe¬ 
riod to that of Luther, difpofed in alphabetical order, and 
each article accompanied with its authority. This work 
is executed witli ability ; and was fo well received, that 
the author was encouraged to publifh it a fecond time, 
in an enlarged form. 
OLEA'RIUS (Godfrey), fon of the preceding, was 
born at Leipfic in the year 1672. He early difeovered 
a love for learning ; and profecuted his fludies, both in 
the preparatory fchools and in the univerfity, with extra¬ 
ordinary diligence and fuccefs. Having completed his 
academical courfe, at the age of twenty-one he went for 
further improvement to IIolland,and from thence crofted 
the lea to England. To this country he was attracted by 
the celebrity of the univerfity of Oxford, and the rich 
treafures in the Bodleian library ; and he continued here 
more than twelve months, improving his acquaintance 
with philofophy, the Greek language, and facred anti¬ 
quities. Upon his return to Leipfic, in 1699, he was ad¬ 
mitted a member of the firft college in that univerfity, 
and not long afterwards was nominated to the profefior- 
fliip of the Greek and Latin languages in that ieminarv. 
This port: he filled with reputation till the year 1708, 
when lie was called to the theological chair. In 1709, he 
was made canon of Meilfen, and appointed director of 
the Undents ; and, in 1714, he was preferred to the office 
of alfeflbr in the eleXoral and ducal confiftory'. To the 
great regret of his country and perfonal connexions, he 
now fell into a decline, which carried him off in the year 
1715, at the premature age of forty-three. That his 
fliort life had been fpent in affiduous and ufeful ltudy', is 
lufficiently apparent from the productions which he lent 
into the world. He publifhed, 1. An Introduction to 
the Roman and German Hiftories, from the Foundation 
of Rome to the year 1699 ; 1699, 8vo. 2. A Latin ver- 
fion of the Hiftory of the Apoftles’ Creed, from the Eng- 
lifh of Sir Peter King; 1708, Svo. 3. A Latin verfion 
from the Englifti of Stanley’s Hiftory of Philofophy, with 
Notes and Diflertations ; 1712, 410. 4. Philoftratorum 
quae fuperfunt omnia. &c. in Greek and Latin, with a 
new verfion, and notes ; 1709, folio. 5. Obfervations on 
the Gofpel according to St. Matthew, in Latin ; 1713,4^. 
reprinted in 1743. 6. Difiertatio de Miraculo Pi feints 
Bethefdte ; 1706, 4to. 7. Difiertatio de Adoratione Dei 
Parris 
