464 
O L U 
O L Y 
and in the neighbourhood are mines of copper and iron, 
and a mineral fpring. It is 104. miles north-eaft of Peterf- 
burg, and 364 north-north-weft of Mofcow. Lat. 61. 10. 
N. Ion. 32. 38. E. 
OLONETZ'SKOI, a government of Ruftia, bounded 
on the north by the government of Archangel, on the eaft: 
by the government of Archangel and the White Sea, on 
the louth by the government of Novgorod and Vologda, 
and on the welt by the government of Viborg and Finland ; 
about 340 miles from north to fouth, and where wideft 240 
in breadth from eaft to weft, but confiderably lefs along 
the coaft of the White Sea, where its mean breadth is 
about 100. Olonetz is the capital. Lat. 61. 40. to 66. 
40. N. Ion. 28. to4i. E. 
OLON'NE, a town of France, in the department of the 
Vendee: three miles north of Sables d’Olonne. 
OLON'SKA, a town of Ruftia, in the government of 
Irkutfk : forty-eight miles fouth-eaft of Balaganfkoi. 
OLONZAC', a town of France, in the department of 
the Herault: fifteen miles fouth of St. Pons, >and twenty- 
one weft of Beziers. 
OI.OSO'TAI, a town of Alia, in the country of Hami: 
twenty miles north-north-weft of Tche-tcheou-Hotun. 
O'LOST, a town of Spain, in the province of Catalo¬ 
nia : nine miles weft-north-weft of Vique. 
OLOSTE'LESCK, a town of Tranfylvania : twenty- 
two miles r.orth-north-weft of Cronftadt. 
O'LOT, a town of Spain, in the province of Catalonia: 
feventeen miles north-weft of Gerona. 
O'LOU-KO'CHO, a town of Chinefe Tartary: thirty- 
eight miles louth-fouth,-we ft of Soubarkan. 
O'LOUS, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia: twelve 
miles eaft of Amafreh. 
OL'PE, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Weft- 
phalia : thirty-feven miles eaft of Cologne, and fifty eaft- 
foilth-eafi of Duffeldorp. Lat. 50. 59. N. Ion. 7.-59. E. 
OL'PHEN, a town of Germany, in the bilhopric of 
Munfter: feventeen miles foutii-fouth-well of Munfter. 
Lat. 51.42. N. Ion. 7. 28. E. 
OL'RICK, a town of Scotland, in the county of Cai1 1 ■ - 
nefs : fix miies eall-fouth-eaft of Thtirfo. 
OI.'SA, or Esa, a river of Silefia, which runs into the 
Oder two miles beiow Oderberg. 
OLSCHAN'KA, a town of Ruftia, in the government 
of Ekaterinoflav : forty miles fbuth-w'eft of Novo Mir- 
gorod. 
OL'SCKWIZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Boleftaw : three miles'north-welt of Aycha. 
OLS'LORP, a town of the duchy of Holftein : five 
miles eaft of Itzehoa. 
OLS'ZTYN, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of 
Cracow : forty miles north-weft of Cracow. 
OL'TEN, a town of Swifferland, in the canton of So- 
leure, fituated on the Aar ; the principal town of a baili¬ 
wick. It formerly belonged to the bilhops of Bale, and 
was purchafed by the canton of Soleure in the year 1532. 
It is feventeen miles eaft-north-eaft of Soleure. 
OL'TERSPACH, a town of the duchy of Stiria : fix- 
teen miles fouth-eaft of Voitlberg. 
OLTI'FI, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the govern¬ 
ment of Kars : thirty miles north of Kars. 
OL'TRI, a town of Italy, in Friuli: twenty-four miles 
eaft of Cadora, and thirty-eight north-weft of Friuli. 
OL'TSCKIN, a town of Auftrian Poland : fifty-two 
miles north-north-weft of Cracow. 
O'LU JACH'SEB, a town of Arabia, in the province 
of Hadramaut: 136 miles fouth-weft of Amanzirifdin. 
OL'VF.STON, a village in Gloucefterfhire, near Auft- 
Paffage, over the Severn, and three miles fromThornbury. 
This church is annexed to Alvefton. Here was a priory, 
built in x 160. 
O'LUS Calappoides, in botany. See Cycas. 
O'LUS Crudum. See Apocynum. 
O'LUS Scrophinum. See Cqnyza. 
O'LUS Squillarum. See Illecebrum. 
O'LUS Vagum. See Convolvulus. 
OLUSA'TRUM. See Smyrnium. 
OLU'TOR, a river of Ruftia, which runs into the North 
Pacific Ocean in lat. 61. 10. N. Ion. 167. 54. E. 
OLUTOROV'SKOI, a town of Ruftia, on the river 
Olutor, on the coaft of the Pacific Ocean : 164 miles eaft 
of Oklanfk. Lat. 61. 30. N. Ion. 167. 54. E. 
OLUTOROV'SKOI, a cape of Ruftia, in the North Pa¬ 
cific Ocean: one hundred miles fouth of Olutorovlkoi 
Lat. 59. 50. N. Ion. 168. 54. E. 
OL'WYE, a river of England, in the county of Mon¬ 
mouth, which runs into the Ulk near the town of Uftc. 
OLY'KA, a town of Poland, in Volhynia: twenty-two 
miles north-eaft of Lncko. 
OLYM'PIA, in ancient geography, a celebrated city 
of Greece, in Triphylia, fituated on the river Alpheus, 
north of Hypana. It is not certain whether this city had 
in former times borne the name of “ Pifa,” or whether 
they were diftindt cities. Of all the cities of Greece this 
was the moll famous, on account of the games which 
were inftituted in it, and which drew thither a prodigious 
concourfe of-people 5 and on account of the temple of 
the Olympian Jupiter ; befidcs which, here was a temple 
of Juno, fixty-three feet long, with columns round it of 
the Doric order; and a Metroum, or temple of the mo¬ 
ther of the gods, a large Doric edifice; with holy trea- 
furies. Thefe, and the porticoes, a gymnafium, pryta- 
neum, and many more public buildings, made Olympia 
no inconfiderabie place. Th ejladium was in a grove of 
wild olive-trees, before the great temple; and near it was 
the hippodrome, or courfe for the races of horfes and cha¬ 
riots. The Alpheus flowed by from Arcadia with a co¬ 
pious and very pleafant ifream, which was received on 
the coaft by the Sicilian Sea. 
The temple of Jupiter was of the Doric order, 68 feet 
high to the pediment, 95 wide, and 230 long; the cell 
encompaffed with columns. It was erected' with the 
country ftone ; the roof, not of earth baked, but of Pen- 
telic marble ; the (labs difpofed as tiles ; the way to it up 
a winding ft.iircafe. The two pediments were enriched 
with lculpture ; and one had over the centre a ftatue of 
Viftory gilded ; and underneath, a votive buckler of gold. 
At each corner was a gilded vafe. Above the columns 
were fixed twenty-one gilded bucklers, offered at the 
conclufion of the Achaean war by the Roman general 
Mummius. The gates in the two fronts were of brafts* 
and over them were carved the labours of Hercules. 
Within the cell were double colonnades, between which 
was the approach to the image. 
The ftatue of Jupiter was accounted alone fufticient to 
immortalize its maker, Phidias. It was of ivory and 
gold, the head crowned with olive. In the right hand 
was a ftatue of Vidlory; in the left a flowered fceptre, 
compofed of various metals, on which was an eagle. The 
fandals were of gold, as alfo the veftmenf, which was cu- 
rioufly embofled with lilies and animals. The throne 
was gold, inlaid with ebony and ivory, and ftudded with 
jewels, intermixed with paintings and exquifite figures in 
relievo. The pillars between the feet contributed to its 
fupport. Before it were walls, ferving as a fence, deco¬ 
rated principally with the exploits of Hercules; the por¬ 
tion oppofite to the door of a blue colour. It was the 
office of a family defcended from Phidias, called phadruiitee, 
or the polifliers, to keep the work bright and clean. The 
veil or curtain was cloth rich with the purple dye of Phoe¬ 
nicia, and with Aftyrian embroidery, an offering of king 
Antiochus, and was let down from above by loofening 
the firings. The image impreffed on the fpedtatoran opi¬ 
nion that it was higher and wider than it meafured. Its 
magnitude was fuch, that,though the temple was very large, 
the artift feemed to have erred in the proportions. The 
god, fitting, nearly touched the ceiling with his head; 
fuggefting an idea, that if he were to rife up he would 
deltroy the roof. A part of the pavement before it was 
of black marble, enclofed in a rim of Parian pr white, 
where 
