O O N 
O O N 
horfe.is ufually reprefented white, and properly lb aped 
and proportioned, except in the additional heads, feven 
of which project from the front of the firft. 
OOD,a town of Sweden, in Welt Gothland: forty-one 
miles north-eaftof Gotheborg. 
OC.'DA, a town of Japan, in theifland of Niphon : thirty 
miles north-weft of Nambu. 
OO'DA, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ximo : ten 
miles fouth-weft of Senga. 
OODAH-OO'TOLY, a river of Hindooftan, which 
runs into the Taptee eighteen miles fouth-fouth-weft 
of Burhampour, in the Candeilh. 
OOLAPOU'R, a town of Bengal: fixteen miles eaft of 
Comillah. 
OODEADAR'GAM, a town of Hindooftan, in IVly- 
fore, which gives name to a pafs : thirty-one miles fouth- 
eaft of Bangalore, and feventy-three fouth of Seringapa- 
tam. 
OODTMALLYCOT'TA, a town of Hindooftan, in 
Coimbetore : feven teen, miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Animally. 
OODNAGUR', a town of Bengal: twenty-two miles 
north of Kifhenagur. 
OOFA'RA, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Niphon : 
120 miles weft of Meaco. 
OOGE'IN, or Oojein. See Ougein. 
OOISCON'SIN, a river of North America, which runs 
into the Midi flip pi in lat. 4.2. 32. N. Ion. 92. 3. W. 
OOKA'TA, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ximo: 
twenty-eight miles fouth of Funai. 
OO'KI, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ximo : fifty- 
four miles north of Nangafaki. 
OOLANDOO'R, a town of Hindooftan, in the Carna¬ 
tic : twenty miles weft-fouth-weft of Trivadi. 
OO'LITE, or Ketton-stone, J\ See Marmor ham- 
mites, voi. xiv. p. 388. 
OO'LPAR, a town of Hindooftan, in Guzerat: ten 
miles north of Surat. 
OOMKOO', a mountain between Bootan and Bengal, 
north of Buxedewar. 
OONALASH'KA, or Unalashka, an ifland in the 
North Pacific Ocean, feparated from the continent of 
North America by a channel in the direction of north- 
w'eft-by-north. This is one of the iflands called Aleutian 
or Fox Iflands. No large trees are feen ; but underwood, 
flirubs, and plants, fimilarto thofeof Kamtfchatka. The 
winter is much milder than in the eaftern parts of Siberia, 
and continues only from November to the end of March. 
The fnow feldom lies upon the ground for any time. 
Rein-deer, bears, w’olves, ice-foxes, are not to be found 
on thefe iflands ; but they abound in black, grey, brown, 
and red, foxes. The number of fea-animals, fuch as fea- 
iions, fea-bears, and fea-otters, which refort to thefe 
fliores, is very confiderabie. Upon fome of the iflands, 
warm fprings, and native fulphur, are to be found. 
The Fox Iflands are in general very populous : Oona- 
laflika, which is the largeft ifland, is fuppofed to contain 
about 5000 inhabitants. The houfes of thefe ifland- 
ers are huts, built precifely in the manner of thofe in 
Kamtfchatka, with the entry through a hole in the middle 
of the roof. In one of thefe huts livefeveral families, to 
the amount of thirty or forty perfons : they keep them- 
feives warm by means of whale fat, burnt in (hells, which 
they place between their legs ; the women fit apart from 
the men : fix or feven of thefe huts, or yonrts, make a vil¬ 
lage, of which there are fixteen in Oonalaflika. Their 
habitations being almoft dark, they ufe, particularly in 
winter, a fort of large lamps, made by hollowing out a 
ftone, into which they put a rulh-wick, and burn train- 
oil. They are whites, with black hair; they have flat 
faces, and are of a good ftature: the men fliave, with a fharp 
ftone or knife, the circumference and top of the head, 
arid let the hair which remains hang from the crown. 
The women cut their hair in a ftraight line over the fore¬ 
head ; behind they let it grow to a confiderabie length, 
and tie it in a bunch : fome of the men wear their beards. 
503 
others (have or pull them out by the roots. They mark 
various figures on their faces, the backs of their hands; 
and lower parts of their arms, by pricking them firft with 
a fort of needle, and then rubbing the parts with a bit of 
black clay. They make three inciiions in the under lip ; 
they place in the middle one a flat bone, or a fmail co¬ 
loured ftone; and in each of the fide ones they fix a long 
pointed piece of bone, which bends and reaches almoft to 
the ears. They likewife make a hole through the griftle 
of the nofe, into which they put a fmail piece of bone, in 
fuch a manner as to keep the nottrils extended. They 
alfo pierce holes in theirears, and wear in them what little 
ornaments they can procure. Their drefs has been de- 
feribed under Archipelago (Northern), voi. ii'. p. 65. 
Their veflels are of two forts : the larger are leathern 
boats, or baiilars, which have oars on both fides, and are 
capable of holding thirty or forty people ; the fmaller vef- 
fels are rowed with a double paddle, and refemble the 
canoes of the Greenlanders, containing only one or two 
perfons : they never weigh above thirty pounds, being 
nothing but a thin fkeleton of a boat, covered with lea¬ 
ther. In thefe, however, they pafs from one ifland to 
another ; and even venture out to fea to a confiderabie 
diftance. In calm weather, they go out in them to catch 
turbot and cod, with bone-hooks and lines made of finevvs 
or fea-weed. They ftrike filh in the rivulets with darts ; 
whales, and other fea-animals, thrown alhore by the waves, 
are carefully looked after, and no part of them is loft. 
The quantity of provifions which they procure by hunt¬ 
ing and fifhing being far too fmail for their wants, the 
greateft part of their food confifts of fea-wrack and Ihell- 
filh, which they find on the Ihore. 
Thefe iflanders are, notwithftanding their favagenefs, 
very docile ; and the boys, whom the Ruffians keep as 
hoftages, foon acquire a knowledge of their language. 
The Ruffians have, for fome years paft, been accuftomed to 
repair to thefe iflands in quell of furs, of which they have 
impofed- a tax on the inhabitants. The manner of carry.- 
ing on this trade is as follows : The Ruffians go in the 
autumn to Beering’s and Copper Ifland, and there winter; 
they then employ themfelves in catching the fea-cat, and 
afterwards the J'civutchas, or fea-lion. The flefn of the 
latter is prepared for food, and is efteemed very delicate.- 
They carry the fkins of thefe fea-animals to the Eaftern 
Iflands. Next fummer they fail eaftward to the Fox 
Iflands ; and again lay their fhips up for the winter. They 
then endeavour to procure, either by perfuafion or force, 
the children of the inhabitants, particularly of the Tookoos, 
or chiefs, as hoftages; this being accomplilhed, they de¬ 
liver to the inhabitants fox-traps, and alfo fkins for their 
boats, for which they expeft in return furs and provifions 
during the winter. After obtaining from them a certain 
quantity of furs, by way of tax, for which they give quit¬ 
tances, the Ruffians pay for the reft in beads, falfe pearls', 
goat’s-wool, copper kettles, hatchets, &c. In the Ipring 
they get back their traps, and deliver up their hoftages. 
Capt. Cook and Capt. King vilited this ifland in the 
year 177O : fome of the inhabitants now and then came 
off to the fliips, and bartered a few trifling things with 
the feamen ; but never remained above a quarter of an 
hour at a time ; on the contrary, they rather leemed fliy: 
and yet they appeared to be no ltrangers to veflels in fome 
degree like theirs. They behaved with a degree of po- 
litenefs uncommon tofavage tribes. While they lay here, 
feveral of the natives came and bartered a few fiftsing-im- 
plements for tobacco. One of them, a young man, overset 
his canoe, while alongfide of their boats. The youth, by. 
this accident, was obliged to come into the fliip ; and he 
went down into Capt. Cook’s cabin, upon the firft invita¬ 
tion, without expreffing the lead reluctance or nneafinefs. 
His drgfs was an upper garment, like a fhirt, made of the 
large gut of fome lea-animal, probably the whale; and an 
under garment of the fame fhape, made of the (kins of 
birds, drefled with the feathers on, and neatly fewed to¬ 
gether, the feathered fide being worn next the Ikin. It 
was 
