O P II 11 Y S. 
much) are placed two very broad ovate leaves, one em¬ 
bracing the other at the bale, marked with about feven 
nerves, and much refembling the leaves of the broad 
plantain; above thefe are two or three very fhort ovate 
acuminate iHpules. Flowers numerous, in a loofe fpike, 
four inches long or more, yellowifh-green ; brabtes not 
half fo long as the germeii, and lhaped like the ftipules ; 
all the five petals are convergent, forming an hood, the 
three outer lanceolate, the two inner linear, and fome- 
vvhat tinged with purple; ftamens not perceptible; an¬ 
thers yellow, connebted at the fummit, covered by an 
oval appendage to the upper lip of the neblarium, not 
elaftic as in the Orchis. Mr. Curtis has figured the flower 
in detail, in a magnified flate, to fiiow, on comparifon, 
how different it is from that of the Orchis; Native of 
molt parts of Europe, in woods and moilt thickets; l'ome- 
times in meadows and on heaths. With us it is too com¬ 
mon to fpecify particular places. It flowers in May and 
June. The old Englifh name tway-blade is from its two 
leaves. See Plate II. fig. i. 
( 3 . O. trifolia. It varies fometimes with three leaves. 
Jjanh. 87. 
6. Ophrys cordata, mountain ophrys, or lead tway- 
blade: bulb fibrous; Item two-leaved; leaves cordate. 
Boot fibrous, but the fibres not bundled. Stem from fix 
to nine inches high. Leaves two, above the middle of 
the Item, between lieart-fhaped and triangular, broad, 
terminating in a final 1 projecting point. Flowers few, in 
a fhort fpike. Lightfoot remarks, that the whole plant 
is of a tender and delicate texture ; the leaves fmooth, 
about half an inch wide at the bafe; the flowers in a thin 
fpike, ten or twelve in number, green, often turning red 
in decay. Native of the northern parts of Europe, in 
moilt woods; with us on moift mountainous heaths, ef- 
pecially in boggy ground in Yorkfliire, Lancafhire, and 
Weftmoreland; as on Ingleborough, between Sheffield 
and Chatfworth, Almondborough,and Keighley,in York- 
fhire; Kendal and Longfledale in Weftmoreland. In 
inarfhy places by the fides of rivulets, on the Highland- 
mountains of Scotland, in many places. It flowers in 
June and July. 
II. With round bulbs. 
7. Ophrys lilifolia, or lily-leaved ophrys : bulb round- 
ifli; (cape naked; leaves lanceolate; lip of the peftary 
entire; dorfal petals linear. Scape naked, three-fided; 
leaves radical, nerved. Flowers red, but three of the 
petals narrow, linear, green. Native of Virginia and Ca¬ 
nada, in fwamps. It has been confounded with the next 
fpecies. It flowers in June. 
8 . Ophrys loefelii, dwarf ophrys, or twayblade: bulb 
roundifh ; (cape naked, three-cornered ; lip of the nectary 
ovate. Bulb ovate, folid, green, covered with nerved 
membranes, and furnifhed with fibres below; the bulbs 
of the preceding years, united by creeping fibres, adhere 
to the flowering-bulb by membranes, which are either 
empty, or contain the remains of dead fcapes. Leaves 
two, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or fometimes fubovate, 
commonly half the length of the fcape, marked with lines, 
and keeled below. At the bafe of the fcape are two or 
three leaflets, flieathing the leaves. Scape three-fided, 
four or even five Aided, from three or five to eight inches 
in height. Flowers herbaceous, from three or five to 
eight, yellowifh-green ; petals, the three outer linear, 
bent back, green ; the two inner, on the lides, filiform, 
fomewhat purplifh. Native of Denmark, Sweden, Pruffia, 
and England. With us on Hinton, Teverfham, and 
Fulbourn, Moors, near Cambridge, found by Mr.Relhan. 
A Angle fpecimen, found by Mr. Pitchford in St. Faith’s- 
Newton bogs near Norwich, was given to Mr. Lightfoot; 
but none has been found fince in Norfolk or Suffolk. 
9. Ophrys paludofa, marth-ophrys, or twayblade: 
bulb roundifh; fcape almoft naked, fiv.e-corned; leaves 
rugged at the top; lip of the nebtary entire. Bulb ovate, 
curved inwards, radicate at bottom. Stem three or four 
Vol. XVII. No. 1195. 
525 
inches high. Scape five-cornered, for the moft part 
naked. Boot-leaves three or four, fpatulate, alternate, 
rugged at the top, efpeciaily on the inner furface, on the 
outer fhorter. Flowers in a raceme, very many, yellowifh- 
green. It differs from O.loefelii in having more flowers, 
with the lip of the corolla narrow : from O. monophyllos, 
by the leaves not being ovate rugged at the tip, and the 
pedicels not capillaceous. The nebtary, which forms the 
effential character, being different in this plant from that 
of Ophrys, it is placed by fome authors in a new genus 
named Malaxis; the nediary of which is one-leafed, 
heart fhaped, concave, inclofing the ftamens and piftil. 
Native of Raffia, Sweden, Germany, and Great Britain, 
in bogs ; found by Parkinfon between Hatfield and St. 
Alban’s, and in Romney-Marfh ; by Mr. Dent and Mr. 
Dale in company, on Gamlingay-bogs, where it grows 
in great plenty among the Sphagnum ; by Mr. Dubois at 
Hurfthill,-Tunbridge-wells ; in Halling-haH-wood near 
Loughborough, Buddon-wood, and Stocking-wood, near 
Leicefter, by Dr. Pulteney; Cawfton-heath and Feltborpe- 
lieath in Norfolk, by Mr. Pitchford, Mr. Bryant, and Mr. 
Crowe; between Rufsland-chapel and Thwaite-mofs, in 
Furnefs Fells, by Mr. Jackl'on. It flowers in June and 
July. 
10. Ophrys monophyllos, or one-leaved ophrys: bulb 
round; fcape naked ; leaf ovate; lip of the nectary en¬ 
tire. Bulb round, furrounded with many dry jagged 
leaves ; from this a tranfverfe root, as in Allium umbel- 
liferum, is continued along the ground, covered alfo 
with many leafy (heaths, and the veftiges of other Items, 
and putting forth round fibres. Culm eighteen inches 
high, firm, quite Ample. Leaf Angle, formed by the evo¬ 
lution of the (heath, refembling that of Ophioglolfum, 
embracing the Item, ovate-lanceolate, almoll an inch 
wide, and three times as long. Spike half a foot long, 
containing as far as eighty flowers, not very clofe, but 
the fmalleit of any of the Orchidete. Native of Pruffia 
and Swifferland. 
11. Ophrys alata, or winged ophrys: bulbs round; 
(tern leafy ; leaves lanceolate; lip trifid ; the middle feg- 
ment very fhort. This is a fmall fpecies, found at the 
Cape of Good Hope by Thunberg. 
12. Ophrys mufcifera, or fly-ophrys : bulbs roundifh ; 
Item leafy; lip of the nebtary convex, with three divi- 
lions ; the middle fegment cloven. Fly-ophrys, Or fly- 
orchis as it is commonly called, has the bulbs roundifh. 
Stem from nine to fifteen inches high. Leaves three or 
four, flieathing the (tern at the bafe, lanceolate, pale- 
green, fmooth, fiiining, marked with numerous longitu¬ 
dinal nerves, the intermediate fpace covered with a thin 
Comewhat-pellucid puckered (kin, giving them a filvery 
hue. Upper part of the Item naked, yellowifh-green, 
nearly round, fmooth. Flowers in a long thinly-fcuttered 
fpike ; fometimes fifteen in number, but leldom more 
than four or five ; the three outer petals linear, with re¬ 
flexed margins, the upper one forming right-angles with 
the others; the two inner thread-fhaped, fpreading, re¬ 
fembling the antennae of an infebt, deep reddifh-brown, 
fringed with fhort hairs, fixed to the upper lip of the 
neblarium, which is hooded, covering the ftamens-; lower 
lip three-lobed, fide lobes linear, entire, middle fome¬ 
what ovate, bifid, with reflexed margins, covered with a 
velvety down reddifli-brown, and with a bluiffn fpot on 
the centre, which is naked. The whole extremely re- 
fembles a fly, to which this blue fpot, as Dr. Withering 
obferves, contributes much. The ftamens are very flioit 
and loofe ; the antheras yellow. According to Haller, 
the (tern is eighteen inches high ; the leaves fcarcely an 
inch in breadth ; and the fpike remarkably thin of flowers. 
Mr.Relhan remarks the flendernefs of the (tern; which is 
a character that (trikes at firft light; adding that it is 
round, and fmooth or even ; brabt.es longer than the 
germens; flowers from four to eight, diftant, which is 
another obvious charabter; lip of the nebtary wide, hang¬ 
ing down, longer than the gerrnen, dark purple, reflex 
6 S at 
