O P H 
of four or five alternate flowers. Native of the moun¬ 
tains of Lapland, Denmark, Swiflerland, Dauphiny, Pied¬ 
mont, Carniola, Auftria, &c. 
17. Ophrys Camtfchatea, or Siberian ophrys: fcape fili¬ 
form, fir eat lied ; raceme loofe; lip of the neftary linear, 
bifid. Native of Siberia. 
18. Ophrys anthropopbora, or man-ophrys: bulbs 
roundifli; Item leafy; lip of the neftary linear, three- 
parted ; the middle fegmentelongated, bifid. Stem about 
a foot high, firm, fmooth, round at the bafe, fomevvhat 
angular upwards. Root-leaves four or five, (hearhing the 
(lem at the bafe, lanceolate, but varying in breadth, 
fpreading; above thefe one or two more, clofely em¬ 
bracing the Item. Flowers numerous, in a long loofe 
fpike. It varies in fize, and in the colour of its flowers, 
from yellow-green to bright ferruginous. The root, and 
indeed the whole plant, emits a ftrong odour. The flow¬ 
ers vary in number from ten.to fifty. The lip of the nec¬ 
tary is fo divided as to bear a coarfe refembfance to the 
human arms and legs, whence old authors named it the 
man orchis. It is a native of the fouthern parts of 
Europe, and England. With us principally in dry pas¬ 
tures and old chalk-pits ; in fuch fituations it is one of 
the moll common of the tribe in Kent, as near North- 
fleet, Greenhithe, between Gravefend and Clifl'e, Dart- 
ford, Boflon church-yard, and in the way to Branley, 
Trunhill, &c. in Surrey, about Croydon and Leather- 
head ; near Linton in Cambridgefhire; Kimbolton in 
Huntingdonshire; Dalington, near Sudbury, in Suffolk 5 
Alhwelthorpe near Norwich. It flowers in June. 
19. Ophrys crucigera : bulbs roundifli ; Hem leafy; lip 
of the nedtary undivided, marked with a convex crofs. 
Dr. Smith fufpefts this to be a variety of O. apifera, per¬ 
haps inaccurately drawn. 
20. Ophrys volucris s bulbs roundifli ; leaves oblong, 
flieathing the Hera ;• lip cut out ovate. Stem a foot high. 
Stem leaves embracing, ovate, oblong, acuminate, nerved, 
fpike oblong, many-flowered, the flowers diflant. Native 
of the Cape of Good Hope. 
21. Ophrys bradleata : bulbs roundifli; fpike mixed 
with longer bradles 5 lip three-lobed. Stem a i'pan high. 
Root-leaves ovate, nerved ; ftem-leaves ovate-oblong, fe- 
veral. Spike many-flowered, clofe. Native alfo of the Cape. 
22. Ophrys atrata: leaves linear-fetaceous ; lip cordate, 
fpatulate. Stem Ample, a hand high. Leaves l'cattered, 
half embracing, numerous, wider towards the bafe, to¬ 
wards the top long-awl-Shaped or linear. Flowers feflile, 
remote; undereach a brillle-fhaped brafte the length of 
the flower. The whole plant in drying becomes black. 
Native of the Cape. 
23. Ophrys catholica: bulbs fibrous; flowers three- 
petalled ; helmet ventricofe, large; lip crofs-lhape ; (tern 
leafy. 24. Ophrys circumfiexa: bulbs undivided ; flowers 
three-petalied ; wings emarginate; lip trifid ; the lateral 
fegments bent round. 25. Ophrys Caffra: Item three¬ 
leaved; lip bifid. 26. Ophrys bivalvata : flowers in bun¬ 
dles ; lip lanceolate. 27. Ophrys alaris ; lip of the nec¬ 
tary entire, waved. 28. Ophrys patens: leaves awl- 
fhaped ; lip of the neflary very fhort, capillary. All thefe 
are natives of the Cape of Good Hope. 
29. Ophrys nervofa s Hem naked, angular; leaves ovate, 
nerved; lip of the neflary entire, reflex. Native of Japan, 
near Ofacca and Jeddo ; flowering in May and June. Its 
name in Japonef'e is gin ran. 
30. Ophrys triphylla : Hem three-leaved ; lip triangu¬ 
lar, toothed at the .bafe. 31. Ophrys inverfa: leaves en- 
fiform ; lip bifid, entire. 32. Ophrys bicolor : leaves li- 
near-enliform ; lip cut out, bifid. Natives of the Cape 
of Good Hope. 
33. Ophrys fquamata: bulbs bundled; fcape elon¬ 
gated, leaflefs, fpiked; root-leaves imbricate, oblong, 
acute, keeled; lip of the neflary trifid, bearded, bent 
down. Native of New Caledonia. 
R Y S. 527 
34. Ophrys unifolia: bulb ovate; fcape round, Sheathed; 
leaf round, fiftular, reflex, perforated in the middle to 
let the fcape pafs. Native of New Zealand. 
Propagation and Culture. The firll and fecond refufis 
culture, but may be tranfplanted from the places where 
they grow naturally into a fhady part of the garden ; 
where, if the roots are not dilturbed, they will contimte 
many years, and flower, but not increafe. The bell time 
to remove the roots is in July or Auguft, when the leaves 
are decaying ; for it will be difficult to find the roots after 
the leaves are gone. 
Tim third fpecies is feldotn cultivated in gardens, bur, 
not being nice in its foil or fituation, grows more readily 
in a garden than mofl of the Orchis tribe. Johnfon, 
however, fays he could not get them to grow in a garden, 
and that none of the Satyrions love to be pent up in fuch 
Hrait bounds. 
5. Common twayblade, growing naturally in woods 
and thickets, will profper very well in any fhady part of 
a garden, efpecially in a moill fail. 7, 8, 9, require to be 
planted in bog-earth, in a moill fhady border, or in pots, 
with bog-mofs and earth, fet in pans of water. 
t2, 13, 14, 15, 18. All thefe may be preferved in gar¬ 
dens, though not propagated there. The befl time to 
remove the roots from the places where they naturally 
grow, is juft before the (talks fall; for, at that time, they 
may be eafily discovered, and are beginning to reft, fo 
that the bulb will be fully formed for flowering the fol¬ 
lowing year, and will not fhrink ; but, if they are re¬ 
moved at the time when they are in action, the bulb de- 
figned for flowering the following year, not being fully 
ripened, will fhrink, and frequently perifh. When they 
are removed into a garden, the foil Should be adapted to 
the forts. Such as grow in moift paflures Should be 
planted in fhady moift borders ; thofe which are inhabi¬ 
tants of woods may be planted under trees ; but fuch as 
grow upon chalk-hills Should have a bed of chalk pre¬ 
pared for them in an open fituation ; and, when fixed in 
their feveral places, they Should not be disturbed; for, 
provided they are kept clean from weeds, the lefs the 
ground is dilturbed, the better the plants will thrive, and 
the longer they will continue. Thefe plants were culti¬ 
vated with great fuccefs by the late Peter Collinfon, efq. 
whofe memory is revered by every botanift, in his garden 
at Mill-hill. His method was to place them in a foil and 
Situation as natural to them as poffible, and to differ the 
herbage to grow round them. They are commonly taken 
up with a large ball of earth, and the grafs, &c. in which 
they grow, when they are coming in flower, or at leaft, 
when they are puffiing up their flowering-ftem in Spring, 
fo that the fpecies may be dillinguilhed ; in this Hate 
they Seldom continue in a garden more than one year, or 
at raoft two years, fo that by this means vaft quantities 
of thefe beautiful flowers are deftroyed annually. Mr. 
Curtis remarks, that he has not yet heard of thefe plants 
being propagated by feed; and that it is to be wiffied 
fome intelligent gardener would exert himfelf in making 
experiments to raife them in this way. They produce 
abundance of feed, and there can be no doubt of their 
increafing by feed in their natural (late of growth. 
Spider-ophrys, with a little attention and manage¬ 
ment, will grow and flower more freely than many of the 
tribe. Mr. Curtis has found the following method fuc- 
cefsful : Take up the roots carefully when in flower, 
bare them no more than is neceffary to remove the roots 
of other plants; fill a large-fized garden-pot with three 
parts of choice loam moderately 11 iff, and one part chalk 
mixed well together, and palled through a fieve fomewhat 
finer than a common cinder-fieve ; in this mixture, place 
your roots at about the depth of two inches, and three 
inches apart, water them occafionally during fummer, 
if the weather prove dry ; at the approach of winter place 
the pot in a frame under a glafs, to keep it from wet and 
, froft 
