?Q2 O 11 C 
with lines underneath. Spike loofe; braftes ovate-lan- 
teolate, reflex. Flowers very fragrant, fmelling like 
cloves, yellow ifh-green; the three lower petals narrower 
and fliorter. Column of fruftication (horter than the 
helmet. This fpecies is remarkable for its double fpur, 
arifing from the helmet inftead of the lip. Native of the 
Cape of Good Hope : introduced in 1787, by Mr. 
Francis Maflfon : flowers in September, and is extremely 
fweet. 
3. Orchis biflora, or two flowered orchis: bulbs undi¬ 
vided; helmet of the corolla one-fpurred ; wings fpread- 
ing; lip lanceolate, acuminate. Root-leaves ovate, fmall. 
O. flexuol'a of the Supplement is faid to be the fame 
■with this. The fcape is defcribed as half a foot high, fili¬ 
form, bent above the ftem-leaf. Root-leaves ovate, acute, 
petioled; ftem-leaves fmall, flieathing at the bafe, lan¬ 
ceolate, three or four. Flowers from three to five in a 
raceme, remote, pedicelled -. upper petal lanceolate, rifing, 
with a fpur the length of the flower; fecond and third 
inner, fhort, linear, with two teeth at the tip; fourth and 
fifth lanceolate, a little longer than the firft: lip awl- 
fliaped, with a tooth on each fide at the bafe. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope. 
4. Orchis cornuta, or horned orchis: bulbs undivided ; 
helmet of the corolla one-fpurred ; wings fpreading; lip 
very fmall, fubovate. Leaves on the ftem many, alter¬ 
nate, large, lanceolate, flieathing at the bafe. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope. 
5. Orchis fpathulata, or fpatulate orchis : bulbs undi¬ 
vided ; helmet of the corolla fpurred. Root-leaves very 
many, linear, fliorter by half than the ftem. Scape a fpan 
high, fheathed. Flowers generally two, alternate. Native 
of the Cape of Good Hope. 
6. Orchis tripetaloides, or three-petalled orchis : leaves 
lanceolate; helmet of the corolla arched, blunt, fpurred ; 
neflary lanceolate, very fmall. Stem a foot high, even. 
Root-leaves feveral, a hand in length : ftem-leaves alter¬ 
nate, about eight, an inch long, embracing. Flowers 
many, alternate, diftindt. Found at the Cape of Good 
Hope by Thun berg. 
7. Orchis fagittalis, or arrow-headed orchis : helmet of 
the corolla fpurred, two-eared; lip lanceolate. Root- 
leaves four or five, fhorter by half than the ftem, lan¬ 
ceolate, bluntifli. Stem a lpan high, covered entirely 
with leafy membranaceous acute Iheaths. Spike fhort. 
8. Orchis barbata, or bearded orchis : helmet of the co- 
rolla eredt fpurred ; nedtary fubtrifid ciliate. Bulbs ob¬ 
long, undivided, very hairy. Scape a foot high, leaflefs, 
the thicknefs of a fparrow’s quill. Leaves very many, 
briftled-fhaped or linear, fome almoft the length of the 
fcape, others fhorter. 9. Orchis draconis, or dragon 
orchis : bulbs undivided ; helmet of the corolla fpurred ; 
nedtary linear, ovate at the tip. Scape a foot and a half 
high, the thicknefs of a goofe-quill, wholly fheathed with 
leaves. Root-leaves lanceolate, an inch wide, fhorter by 
half than the fcape: ftem-leaves flieathing, netting-vein¬ 
ed, acute. Spike with few flowers, fomewhat remote. 
10. Orchis tenelia, or delicate orchis: helmet of the co¬ 
rolla fpurred, conical at the bafe; nedtary linear. Stem 
fix inches high, leaves both on the root and ftem linear. 
Spike oblong, with from five to eight flowers. All thefe 
W'ere found at the Cape of Good Hope by Sparrmann. 
11. Orchis monorrhiza, or one-bulbed orchis: bulb 
folitary, undivided ; lip of the nedtary three-parted; the 
lateral parts briftled-fhaped; horn linear, comprefied, the 
length of the germen. Height from eighteen to twenty- 
two inches. Native of Jamaica and Hifpaniola. Swartz 
thinks it may poffibly be the fame with the fetacea of 
Jacquin, which he defcribes as two feet high and eredt, 
with lanceolate acute entire alternate leaves; the flowers 
in a fpike, and white. It is a native of Martinico, in 
moift meadows; and flowers there in November. 
II. Bulbs undivided. 
12. Orchis faneta, or Paleftine orchis: bulbs undivided ? 
H I S. 
lip of the nedlary lanceolate, five-toothed; horned, curved 
in ; petals converging. Stem a foot high, fo'r the mod 
part naked, but having one or turn fharp leaflets at top. 
Native of Paleftine. 
13. Orchis fufannse, or Amboyna orchis : bulbsundi¬ 
vided; wings of the nedlary wider, ciliate. This is a 
very elegant fpecies, the low'er leaves are fhort, acumi¬ 
nate, and embracing ; the tipper longer, green, round, 
and fmooth. Stem a foot high, {lender. Flowers white: 
helmet entire, wide, roundifh, with two fringed fpreading 
wings, and a long narrow lip: fpur flender, very long. 
Native of Amboyna. 
14. Orchis radiata, or raifed orchis: bulbs undivided ; 
wings of the nedtary wider, ciliate. Stem round, ftriated, 
fheathed with leaves, eredt, a fpan high. Flowers alter¬ 
nate, about three, flowering fucceffively; corolla three- 
petalled, fnow-white ; the two upper petals equal, form¬ 
ing a helmet with the eredt fegment of the calyx, ovate, 
concave, longer than the calyx: lower petal clawed, 
horned, plano-convex, three-parted : horn of the nedtary 
cylindrical, in front, hanging down, greenifh-white, twice 
as long as the capfule. Native of Japan; flowering in 
Auguft and September. 
15. Orchis ciliaris, or fringe-lipped orchis: bulbs undi¬ 
vided; lip of the nedtary lanceolate, ciliate; horn, very 
long. Stem two feet high, having at the lower part two 
or three oblong wide liliaceous embracing leaves, and 
fome fmaller leaves above. Spike compofed of cluftered 
flowers; fpur flretched out backward, and very long; 
colour yellow. It u'as fent by Bannifter from Virginia. 
Petiver informed Ray that it is of Maryland origin. 
Linnaeus fets it dowm as a native of Virginia and Canada. 
16. Orchis habenaria, or bridle-orchis: bulb folitary, 
undivided; lip of the nedtary three-parted; lateral ones 
briftle-fhaped; horn filiform, much longer than the 
germen. Bulb fingle, middle-fized, oblong, tomentofe, 
with long filiform Ample fibres above. Stem eredt, leafy, 
from one to two feet high, fimple, angular, fmooth. 
Flowers in fpikes, alternate, fcattered, at a little diftance, 
white. Native of Jamaica, in low meadows, at the foot 
of the mountains. 
17. Orchis bifolia, or butterfly-orchis : bulbs undivided ; 
lip of the nedtary lanceolate, quite entire; horn very 
long; petals fpreading. Bulbs ovate, tapering to a point 
at the bafe, white within and without; thick flefhy fibres 
comp out above themffrom the bafe of the ftem. One of 
thefe bulbs is always wrinkled and withered, whilll the 
other is plump and delicate. The firft is the parent of 
the adhiai ftem ; the fecond is an offset, from the centre 
of which the ftem of the fucceeding year is deftined to 
arife. Such is the mode of increafe, not only in this 
fpecies, but in the other bulbed orchifes; and fitch are 
the means that nature ufes, not only to diffeminate plants, 
but to enable them to change their place, and thus to 
draw in frefh nutriment; for the fecond root is always 
about half an inch from the centre of the firft, infomuch 
that in twenty years the plant will have marched ten 
inches from the place of its birth. The procefs is the 
fame in the handed orchifes, or thofe fpecies which have 
the bulbs divided and lengthened out like the fingers ; 
and even in fibrous roots, for fome of the fibres are conti¬ 
nually rotting and perifhing, whilft other young and ten¬ 
der ones are protruding, lengthening, iiicreafing, and 
preparing for the vegetation of the fucceeding year. This 
mode of increafe is particularly neceffary in a family of 
plants that rifes with great difficulty, and very feldom by 
feed. We have no proof of the orchis growing by feed, 
but we cannot account for the great increafe of fome of 
the fpecies any other way. The ftem is a foot or eighteen 
inches high, fmooth, fix-angled, three ribs running down 
from each leaf. Leaves ufually two, (fometimes three,) 
lpringing from the root, ovate, blunt, tapering at the 
bafe, five or fix inches long, and from two to three inches 
wide, fmooth, pale-green above, filvery beneath, marked 
with numerous parallel veins or nerves. On the ftem are 
three 
