753 
O R L O R L 
ORLAN'DO di LAS'SO. See Lassus, vol.xii. p. 260. 
ORLAY' (Bernard Van), a painter of fome eminence, 
was born at BruiTels about the year 1490. He went to 
Rome to ftpdy painting when very young, and had the 
good fortune to become a difciple of Raphael Sanzio. 
Upon his return to Brabant, he was appointed principal 
painter to the governefs of the Netherlands; and was em¬ 
ployed for feveral years by the emperor Charles V. being 
confidered as one of the bell painters of his time. The 
prince of Naflau engaged him to paint fixteen cartoons, 
as models for tapeftries, which were intended for the de¬ 
coration of his palace at Breda. Each cartoon confided 
of only two figures, a knight and a lady on horfeback, 
reprefenting fome of the Naflau family. They were 
thought worthy of a fcholar of Raphael, and were after¬ 
wards copied by Jordaens in oil. He died in 1560, aged 
feventy. 
ORLAY' (Richard Van) r was born at Bruflels, A.D. 
1652, and died in the fame city in 173a. He learned the 
elements of art of his father, who was a landfcape-painter 
of no great eminence. He began by painting miniatures 5 
but, feeling a defire to gain a more elevated ltation in art, 
he ftudied in the fchools of defign with great afliduity, 
and became an hiftorical-painter of no mean talent. He 
furnifned the world with a prodigious number of works; 
and is one of thofe who have contributed to puzzle the con- 
noifleurs, by having at different periods chofen different 
makers as his models, and made compofitions in their pe¬ 
culiar taftes of ftyle. Altano, Pietfo da Cortona, and fre¬ 
quently Pouffin, fuffer iij reputation, by having Van Or- 
lay’s labours attributed to them, which are, neverthelefs, 
ingenious enough to give their author a decent place in 
the Rale of artifts. 
He likewife executed a confiderable number of etchings 
in a flight coarfe ftyle, and which, in fome inftances at 
leak, are defe&ive in point of drawing; among them, the 
following are the mod meritorious: 1. The Marriage of 
Joseph and the Virgin,after Lucas Giordano, folio. 2. The 
Fall of the rebel Angels, large folio print, from Rubens. 
3. A drunken Bacchus, fupported by Satyrs, from the 
fame. 4. Vertumnus and Pomona, folio. 5. A fet of 
twelve, in Bvo. from Guarini’s Paftor Fido. 6. A fet of 
twenty-eight folio plates, lengthways, taken from the 
New Teftament, from drawings by John Van Orlay. 
John Van Orlay was the brother of Richard, and did 
not diftinguifh himfelf lefs as an artift; he frequently 
made drawings from piblures, for the latter to engrave 
after; and likewife affifted in engraving the fet from the 
New Teftament, after his own deiigns. 
ORLE, or Or'let , J'. [Fr. from the Latin orletum, or 
crlum, of ora, a border or lift.] In architecture, a fillet 
under the ovolo, or quarter-round of a capital. When it 
is at the top or bottom of the {haft, it is called the cintture. 
Orle, in heraldry, is an ordinary in form of a fillet, 
drawn round the Ihield, near the edge or extremity thereof, 
leaving the field vacant in the middle. Or it is an inner 
border, of the fame lhape as the efcutcheon, which doth 
not touch the extremities of the fhield, the field being 
feen within and round it on both fides ; fo that it appears 
like an efcutcheon voided. The form of the orle is the 
fame with that of the fhield ; whence it refembles an inef- 
cutcheon; as reprefented in the Heraldry Plate III. 
fig. 61, 2, 3. vol. ix. and explained at p. 423, 433, 4. 
ORLEA'NA, /! in botany. SeeBiXA. 
ORLEANNOI'S, before the revolution, a fertile pro¬ 
vince of France, bounded on the eaft by Gatinois, on the 
fouth by Sologne, on the weft by Dunois and Vendomois, 
and on the north by Benuce. The principal river, the 
Loire, pafies through, and divides it in two. Orleans, 
which gives name to the province, is the capital. The 
foreft of Orleans, in this province, contains 94,000 acres. 
It is now divided, with the Blaifois and Chartrain, into 
the three departments of Loire and Cher, the Loiret, and 
the Eure and Loire. 
OR'LEANS, a city of France, the capital of the pro- 
j-' Vol. XVII. No. 1213. 
vince of Orleannois, now the department of Loiret. It 
was anciently called Genahum , or Cenabum; and after¬ 
wards denominated Aurelia, Aurelite, and Aurelianum, by 
the emperor Aurelian, who confiderably enlarged it. In 
Julius Csefar’s time it was the capital of the Carnutes. It 
ftands about twenty leagues fouth of Paris, on the north¬ 
ern bank of the Loire; acrofs which Mr. Wraxall fays 
there is an elegant bridge of nine arches, the entrance by 
which is exceedingly noble and ftriking, the ftreet which 
leads from it being compofed of molt elegant modern 
buildings; together with a monument to commemorate 
the deliverance of France by the Maid of Orleans, for 
a defcription of which fee vol. ii. p. 43. In general, how¬ 
ever, excepting this ftreet, it is but meanly built; the 
ftreets are narrow, and the inhabitants in general poor. 
It is furrounded with walls, and fortified with forty tow¬ 
ers. The ftreets almoft all terminate at the quay, for the 
convenience of trade. It is a place of confiderable mag¬ 
nitude; and, before the revolution, had feveral inferior 
courts of juftice, and an univerfity of no great repute. It 
was alfo a bifhop’s fee ; and the cathedral is a moft fuperb 
Gothic ftrublure, and had the fin eft fteeple in France till 
it was damaged in the time of the civil wars. There were 
twenty-two parifties in it, and a great number of churches, 
fome of which were collegiate, and religious houfes. 
There is alfo a public walk, planted with feveral rows of 
trees ; and there ufed to be fome fugar-bakers; a manu- 
fafture of {lockings and fheep-fkins; a feminary, in which 
divinity was taught; a great trade in brandy, wine, 
fpices,and feveral manufaftures, which, with many other 
commodities, ufed to be conveyed to Paris by means of 
the Loire, and the canal which takes its name from the 
city. The canal begins about two miles above the city, 
is near eighteen leagues in length, and terminates on the 
Loin, which falls into the Seine. 
The environs of Orleans, more efpecially in the pro¬ 
vince of Sologne, to the fouth of the Loire, are very 
agreeable. It is in general a level country, covered with 
corn and vines. To the north of the city is a foreft, the 
largeft in the whole kingdom. Before the revolution it 
belonged to the duke of Orleans, to whom the timber 
felled in it, one year with another, brought about 100,000 
livres. Ever fince the year 1344 this city has been a 
dukedom and peerage, and ufually an appendage of lome 
prince of the blood. Louis XIV. gave the dukedom to 
his own brother Philip, who began andfinilhed the canal; 
which, by the duties paid by veflels going up and down, 
brought in, one year with another, 150,000 livres. The 
bifhop was fufFragan to the archbifhop of Paris, and had 
a revenue of 24,000 livres, out of which his tax to Rome 
was 2000 florins. A new bilhop, it is faid, on the firft 
day of his entering, had the privilege of releafing all the 
prifoners in it, except thofe committed for treafon. 
The bridge w'as new built in the eighteenth century, 
and opened in 1760. The French efteem it the fined in 
the world. Orleans is faid to contain 41,937 inhabitants. 
It is fourteen polls and a half fouth-fouth-weft of Paris. 
Lat. 47. 54. N. Ion. 1. 59. E. 
OR'LEANS, a county of North America, being the 
middle of the three northern counties of Vermont; a part 
of the Lake Memphremagog projects into the northern 
part of it from Canada. It contains 23 townlhips : the 
land is high, and fends its waters almoft in every direc¬ 
tion. Clyde, Barton, and Black, rivers, empty into Lake 
Memphremagog ; the waters of many branches of.Miflif- 
coui, Le Moelle, and Onion, rivers, rifing here, fall into 
Lake Champlain ; thofe of Mulhegan and Pafanopfie dif- 
charge themfelves into Connefticut river. This county 
contains 5830 inhabitants. 
OR'LEANS, a poll-town of Barnftaple-county, Mafla- 
chufetts, taken from the foutherly part of Eaftham, and 
incorporated in 1797 ; ninety-one miles from Bofton. Clams 
are found here in abundance, and conftitute a profitable 
article of traffic. One thoufand barrels, of the value of 
fix dollars a-barrel, are in fome years falted here. The 
9 F number 
