755 
O R M 
In 1733 he was nominated bifhop of Amiens. This pro¬ 
motion he owed folely to his perfonal merit; for he was 
a ftranger at court, and never once paid a vifit to the 
capital. He fpent his life in the mid'ft ot his flock, de¬ 
voting himfelf mod afliduoufly to their inftruftion and 
edification, and regularly paying his paftoral vifits to the 
country parilhes, with all the zeal of a miffionary. His 
revenues he confidered to be only entrufted to him for 
the benefit of others ; and, after barely allowing himfelf 
the moll: frugal neceffaries, he applied the whole furplus 
to benevolent and charitable purpofes. His piety was 
ardent, but united with cheerfulnefs; and his own con¬ 
duct was a bright example of that Chnftian purity and 
amiable fimplicity of manners which he inculcated in his 
difcourfes. He died in 1774, at the great age of ninety- . 
one, reverenced and beloved by all good men. He left 
behind him fome “ Spiritual Letters,” which were pub- 
liflied in 1777, in 121110. and are faid to difplay that can¬ 
dour, integrity, and, above all, that noble fimplicity of 
fentiment, which characterized the worthy bifhop. Gen. 
Bioo-. 
ORLEN'GA, a town of Ruffia, in the government of 
Irkutfk, on the Lena: 232 miles north of Irkutfk. Lat. 
56. N. Ion. 105. 40. E. 
OR'LEY, a town of Pruflla, in Oberland : fixteen miles 
north-north eaft of Soldau. 
ORLEY', in biography. See Orlay. 
OR'LIAC, a town of France, in the department of the 
Dordogne: five miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Belvez. 
OR'LIAC, a town of Croatia: twenty miles fouth of 
Carlftadf. 
OR'LISSII AUSEN, a town of Saxony, in Thuringia : 
three miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Colleda. 
OR'LOP, f. [ovcrloop, Dut.] The middle deck.—A 
Fmall fhip of the king’s, called the Penfie, was aflailed by 
the Lyon, a principal fiiip of Scotland ; wherein the Penfie 
fo applied her (hot, that the Lyon’s oreloop was broken, 
her fails and tackling torn; and laftly, fhe was., boarded 
and taken. Hayward. 
OR'LOS, a town of Lithuania : fixty miles eaft ofPinfk. 
OR'I-OV, a town of the duchy of Warfaw : five miles 
eaft of Lenciez. 
OR'LOV, a town of Ruffia, in the government of Vi- 
atka, on the Viatka. Lat. 58. 20. N. Ion. 49. 44. E. 
OR'LOV,-an ifland in the Cafpian Sea. Lat. 45. 50. N. 
Ion. 53. 14- E- 
OR'LOV, a river of Ruffia, which runs into the Tcher- 
naia in lat. 65. 20. N. Ion. 168: 14. E. 
ORLOV'KA, a river of Ruffia, which runs into the 
Irtifch in lat. 53. 50. N. Ion. 75. 24. E.'—A river of Ruffia, 
in the government of Archangel, which runs into the 
Frozen Ocean twenty-eight miles north of Ponoi. 
ORLOVOGORODIT'SCHE, a town of Ruffia, on the 
river Ifchim : 120 miles fouth-eaft of Tobolfk. Lat. 56. 
32. N. Ion. 70. 44. E. 
ORLOVSKAI'A, a fort of Ruffia, in the government 
of Upha, on the Ural: 124 miles eaft of Orenburg. 
ORLOV'SKOEj a government of Ruffia, bounded on 
the north by the government of Smolenfk and Kaluga, 
bn the weft by Smolenfk and Novgorod Sieverfkoi, on the 
fouth-weft by Novgorod Sieverfkoi, on the fouth-eaft by 
Kurfkoi and Voroneztfkoi, and on the eaft by Tambov- 
ikoe and Tulfkoe. Its length, from eaft to weft, is 208 
miles; its breadth various, from 20 to 100. Lat. 50. to 
54. N. Ion. 33. 14. to 39. E. 
OR'LUCE, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of San- 
domirz: eight miles north-weft of Kreminiek. 
OR'LY, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of 
Brzefk : forty-four miles eaft ofPinfk. 
OR'LY, a town of France, in the department of Paris: 
eight miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Paris. 
OR'ME (Robert), a diftinguifhed hiftorian, w'as the 
fon of Dr. Alexander Orine, a phyfician and furgeon in 
the fervice of the Eaft India Company, apparently a na¬ 
tive of Scotland. Dr. Orme became chief of the fettle- 
O R M 
ment at Anjengo in the Travancore country, where his 
fecond fon, Robert, was born in 1728. At two years of 
age he was fent to a relation in London, and at fix was 
entered at Harrow-fchool, where he remained betweefi 
feven and eight years, diftinguifhed equally by his quick- 
nefs of parts and his diligence of application. After he 
left fchool, he was placed for a year in the office of the 
accomptant-general of the African Company, in order to 
be initiated in commercial tranfaCtions ; and then em¬ 
barked for Calcutta, where he arrived in 1742. He was 
not as yet in the company’s fervice; and he engaged 
himfelf for improvement in the firft mercantile houfe in 
Calcutta, on-board a fiiip belonging to which he made a 
voyage to Surat. On his return, he found himfelf ap¬ 
pointed from England a writer in the company’s employ. 
This ftation he occupied between nine and ten years, be¬ 
coming, after the firft five, a fabtor, according to the 
rules of the company. Such was the reputation he ac¬ 
quired from the zeal with which he entered into the in- 
terefts of his employers, and the affiduity of his refearch.es 
into the inflitutions, manners, and cuftoms, of the na¬ 
tives of India, that when, in 1752, fome regulations were 
thought neceffary in the police of Calcutta, he was defired 
to ftate his opinion on the fubjeft. In the fame year, 
1752, he drew up the greater part of “A General Idea 
of the Government and People of Indoftan.” He re¬ 
turned to England in 1753; and, poflefling a good ad- 
drefs, together with the credit of much knowledge of 
Indian affairs, he was frequently confulted upon them, 
and engaged in a long correfpondence with lord Holder- 
neffe, fecretary of ftate, relative to the plans then in con- 
fideration for fupporting the Britifh intereft in Indoftan. 
Mr. Orme reviiited India in 1754, having previoufly been 
appointed by the court of directors a member of the 
council at Fort St. George. He feconded, by his able and 
fpirited advice, thofe vigorous meafures which, before the 
conclufion of the war, produced the utter annihilation of 
the French power in that country, and gave to the Eng- 
lifli that decided afcendancy which they have ever fince 
pofleffed. It was on his particular recommendation, that 
lieutenant-colonel Clive, then rifing into fame, was 
chofen to command in the expedition againft Surajah 
Dowlah fubahdar of Bengal, which he conducted with fo 
much glory and fuccefs. 
Mr. Orme held the offices of commiffary and accoun¬ 
tant general during the years 1757 and 1758 ; but, in the 
latter year, the delicate ftate of his health induced him to 
embark for England". The fiiip in which he failed was 
captured by the French, and taken to the Mauritius, 
where he continued fome time, and then arrived at the 
Cape of Good Hope. After an abode there of fome 
w'eeks for the recovery of his health, he embarked for 
France, which he reached in the fpring of 1760. In that 
country he received many polite attentions, and was an 
intelligent obferver of the parties which then divided the 
Parifian men of letters. He returned to London in the 
autumn, and fettling in Harley-ftreet, began to colleft a 
choice library, and to employ himfelf in preparing a 
long-meditated work on the military tranfadtions in 
India. It was in Auguft 1763 that the firft volume, 
quarto, of his “ Hiftory of the Military Tranfadtions of 
the Britifh Nation in Indoftan from the Year 1745,” was 
given to the public. This volume brought down the 
hiftory to the year 1756, and was illuftrated by maps and 
plans collected from the beft authorities. A concife hif- 
torical Differtation on the Mahometan conqueftsand efta- 
blifliments in that country, comprifing a view of the 
peculiar charadter and cuftoms of the Hindoos, was pre¬ 
fixed. Its reception by the public was highly flattering. 
The elegance and perfpicuity of the narration, with its 
Angular fidelity and impartiality, placed the author in the 
rank of the beft hiftorical writers of the time. His igno¬ 
rance of the oriental languages, indeed, led him into 
fome miftakes relative to the remoter affairs of the Hin¬ 
doo empire; for at that time no tranflations from the 
native 
