soo 
O R U 
critique upon Pauw of Utrecht. D'Orville died in 1751. 
After his death were publifhed his obfervations on Sicily, 
under the title of “ Siculas,” Aral 1764, folio. Gen. Biog\ 
O RUM, a town of Denmark, in North Jutland : eleven 
miles fouth-weft of Tyfted. 
ORURIL'LO, a town of Peru, in the diocefe of La 
Paz, on Lake Titiaca: twenty-five miles north-weft of 
Afangaro. 
ORU'RO, a jurifdi&ion of Peru, in the government- of 
Buenos Ayres, and archbifhopric of La Plata. The 
greateft part of this jurifdiflion is fo cold, that no efcu- 
lent vegetables will flourifh there ; but it abounds with 
numerous flocks of cattle peculiar to the country. Here 
are alio many gold and filver mines ; the former, though 
known even in the times of the incas, have been very 
little worked; but the latter have greatly enriched the 
inhabitants of the province. At prefent, however, they 
feem to be inevitably loft, being overflowed, a,nd all the 
attempts hitherto made to drain them having proved 
abortive; fo that thole at prefent of any value are in the 
mountains of Popo, about thirty-nine miles from the 
town, which is large and populous, from the trade carried 
on there. It has a revenue-office for colledling the fifths 
belonging to the crown. Its capital is called San P/ielipe 
t!e Avftria de Grnro. 
ORU'ROS, in ancient geography, a town of Afia, in 
Syria, on the banks of the Euphrates; fouth of Auzara, 
and 250 miles from Zeugma. In the time of Pompey, it 
was on this fide of the boundary of the Roman empire. 
O'RUS, or Horus, a famous deity of ancient Egypt, 
which, as well as Oliris, w'as an emblem of the fun. To 
this purpofe Plutarch fays, that virtue, which prefides 
over the fun, whilft he is moving through fpace, the 
Egyptians called Horns, and the Greeks Apollo. The 
veneration in which this deity was held in Egypt, appears 
from the circumftance of three cities having been called 
by this name in the Thebais. The fparrow-hawk was the 
common emblem of Ofiris and Horus, and both had fome- 
times the fame attribute. Plutarch, in his “ Treatife of 
Ifis and Ofiris,” gives us the principal, traits of the hiftory 
of Horus. Accordingly he is reprefented as the fon of 
Ofiris and Ifis; and it is laid, that Typhon, after killing 
liis brother Ofiris, took poffeflion of the kingdom, and 
that Horus, leaguing himfelf with his mother Ifis, avenged 
the death of his father, expelled thetyrant from his throne, 
without depriving him of life, and reigned glorioully in 
Egypt. In all the figures of Horus which antiquity af¬ 
fords us in the Iliac table, and other monuments, he is 
always reprefented as a child ; thus intimating that he w'as 
very young when Typhon put his father to death ; and 
that Ifis, his mother, was obliged to defer the punilh- 
ment of the tyrant till her fon was capable of being the 
inftrument of her revenge. 
The learned Mr. Bryant conffders Orus and Ofiris as 
the fame perfonage. “ Orus (lays he) is reprefented as 
undergoing from the Titans all that Ofiris fuffered from 
Typhon; and the hiftory at the bottom is the fame. 
Hence it is faid of Ifis, that Ihe had the power of making 
people immortal; and that, when fine found her fern Orus 
in the midft of the waters dead through the malice of the 
Titans, flie not only gave him a renewal of life, but alfo 
conferred upon him immortality. Both Orus and Ofiris 
were ftyled Heliadce, and often reprefented as the Sun 
himfelf. Hence many have been milled, and have re¬ 
ferred what has been faid of thefe perfonages to the lu¬ 
minary. Novv the Egyptians in this title did not allude 
to the Sun, but to a perfon who had been wonderfully 
preferved; as appears from their hieroglyphics. Orus is 
fometimes deferibed eredt, but fwathed in bandages, like 
a perfon embalmed. In his hands he holds fome imple¬ 
ments of art: over his fhoulder there feems to be the 
figure of a ploughlhare; and upon his head the nymphaea. 
No mention is made of any conquefts achieved by him, as 
he was the Janie as Ofiris; but he was more particularly 
Ofiris in ids fecond ftate 5 and therefore reprefented by 
o r y 
the Egyptians as a child.” Holwell’s Mythological Di£h 
See Osiris. 
ORUS'NAH. See Osrushnah. 
OR'WELL, a town of Scotland, in the county of Kin- 
rofs: two miles north of Kinrofs. 
OR'WELL, a river of Canada, which runs into Lake 
Erie in lat. 43. N. Ion. Bo. 30. W. 
OR'WELL, a town of the ftate of Vermont, on Lake 
Champlain: fifteen miles weft-north-weft of Rutland. 
OR'WELL, or Ip'swich' Wa'ter, a river of England, 
in the county ofSuffolk, which pafles by Stow, Needham, 
Ipfwich, &c. and, joining the Stour, forms the harbour of 
Harwich, called Orwell Haven; and foon after runs into 
the German Sea. 
ORYCTOG'NOSY, f. That branch of mineralogy 
which has for its objeft the claifification of minerals after 
well-afcertained chara&ers, and under appropriate and 
fixed denominations. It is the balls of all the remaining 
doftrines of Mineralogy ; which fee. 
ORYCTOG'RAPHY, J. [from the Gr. opvzTo;, folfil, 
and ygci'pcj, to deferibe.] That part of natural hiftory in 
which foflils are deferibed. 
ORYC TOL'OGY, J. [from the Gr. ogvx to;, foflil, and 
Tiofo?, a difeourfe.] A treatife of foflils. 
ORYG'I A, J. in botany. See Portulaca and Ta- 
LINUM. 
ORY'ZA, f. [Gr. fuppofed by profeflor Martyn to be 
poflibly derived from o^vc-au, to dig. Whether this 
name may have originally been applied to various forts of 
grain, orpulfe, procured by means of digging, or cultiva¬ 
tion, the fliort account given by Diofcorides decidedly 
indicates his to have been our rice. “ Onjza ,” fays 
he, “ is a kind of grain, which grows in marfhy and watery 
places. It is moderately nutritious, and of a binding 
quality.”] Rice ; in botany, a genus of the clafs hexan- 
dria, order digynia, natural order of gramina or grafles. 
Generic characters—Calyx: glume one-flowered, two- 
valved, very frnall, acuminate, almoft equal. Corolla: 
two-valved ; valves boat-fhaped, concave, comprefled, the 
larger five-angled, awned. NeCtary (petals of Micheli) 
two-leaved, flat on one fide of the germen, very final 1; 
leaflets narrow at the bafe, truncate at the tip, caducous. 
Stamina: filaments fix, capillary, the length of the co¬ 
rolla; antherae bifid at the bafe. Piftillum : germen tur¬ 
binate; ftyles two, capillary, reflex; ftigmas club-fhaped, 
feathered. Pericarpium : none; corolla growing to the 
feed, oval-oblong, comprefled, margin thin, two ftreaks 
on each fide at the fide. Seed: fingle, large, oblong, 
blunt, comprefled, with two ftreaks on each fide.— Efjen- 
tial Charader. Calyx: glume two-valved, one-flowered ; 
corolla two-valved, almoft equal, growing to the feed. 
Oryza fativa, or cultivated rice; the only fpecies. It 
has a culm, or ftem, from one to fix feet in length, an¬ 
nual, ereft, Ample, round, jointed. Leaves fubulate- 
linear, reflex, embracing, not flefliy. Flowers in a ter¬ 
minating panicle. Calycine leaflets lanceolate. Valves 
of the corolla equal in length; the inner valve even, awn- 
lefs; the outer twice as wide, four-grooved, hifpid, awned. 
Style fingle, two-parted. The following are the moft per¬ 
manent varieties. 
a. O. communiffima, or common rice : culm four feet 
high. Panicle fpiked, the fpikes commonly Ample. Fruit 
oblong, pale, with long awns. It is late, and is cut from 
fix to eight months after planting. Cultivated in marfhes, 
and withering with drought or a frnall degree of faltnefs. 
/ 3 . O. prascox, early rice : culm three feet high. Pani¬ 
cle fpiked ; fpikes branching. Fruit turgid, brownjlh- 
red, with Ihorter awns. It ripens, and is cut, in the fourth 
month from planting. It is cultivated in marflies, and is 
not injured by the influx of fait water. 
y. O. montana, dry or mountain rice: culm three feet 
high, and more llender. Fruit longifli, with awns the 
longeft of all. It is fown on mountains, and in dry foils; 
rots with a long inundation, and perilhes with fea-water. 
S'.'O. glutinofa, clammy rice: culm four feet high. 
Leaves 
