806 OSIANDER 
cation, in fuch a manner as ffiowed that lie did not then 
entirely concur in opinion with him upon that topic. 
Afterwards he affifted at the conference at Auglburg, in 
1530, and gave his vote with the reft of the proteftant 
divines. 
He continued difcharging the duties of the paftoral 
office at Nuremberg till the year 1548, when, upon the 
promulgation of the Interim by the emperor Charles V. 
lie withdrew into Pruffia, where Albert duke of Bran¬ 
denburg, who had attended his fermons at Nuremberg, 
and had been made a convert by them to the dodtrines of 
the reformation, appointed him paftor and profeffor of 
divinity at Konigfberg. In this new ftation he began bis 
academical functions by propagating notions concerning 
the divine image, and the nature of repentance, very dif¬ 
ferent from the dodtrines which Luther had taught con¬ 
cerning thofeTubjedls ; and, in the year 1550, he intro¬ 
duced confiderable alterations into the dodtrine that had 
been generally received in the Lutheran church, with 
refpedt to the means of our juflification before God. His 
dodtrine was zealoufly oppofed by many eminent doctors 
of the Lutheran church ; and particularly by Melanc- 
thon, Joachim, Morlin, and Stancarus, profeffor of He¬ 
brew at Konigfberg. On the other hand, Ofiander de¬ 
fended it with great fpirit; and his fentiments were fup- 
ported by perfons of confiderable weight. He drew up a 
confeffion of faith, upon his principle of juflification, 
which was printed by order of the duke of Brandenburg, 
but difapproved of by the Lutheran divines affembled at 
Augfburg. While he was preparing to maintain his doc¬ 
trine, and to affail his opponents with (till greater vigour, 
lie was attacked by an epileptic diforder, which termi¬ 
nated his life in the year 1551, at the age of fifty-four. 
After his death, the flame of controverfy upon this point 
was foon cooled, and in the year 1566 became entirely 
extinguished. He is accufed by his enemies of having 
been addidted to the love of wine, and of a propenfity to 
profane allufions in his convivial parties; but tliefe 
charges are noteafily reconcilable with the acknowledged 
intenlenefs of his lludious application, to which the dif¬ 
order which haftened his death is attributed, or thefeve- 
rity of his religious notions. Ofiander was the author of, 
j. Harmonia Evangelica, Grace et Latine, cum Anno- 
tationibus, et Elencho Harmonise, 1561, folio. 2. Liber 
de ultimis Temporibus, ac Fine Mundi, ex facris Literis. 
3. De prohibitis Nuptiis. 4. Liber de Imagine Dei, quid 
fit. 5. An Filius Dei fuerit incarnandus, ft Peccatum 
non introiviffet in Mundum, 6. Epiftola ad Ulricum 
Zuingiium Apologetica, qua docet quam ob caufam, 
quidque pofthac abeo in negocio Euchariftiae, expedtan- 
dum ifr. 7. Differtations, Sermons, and controverfial 
tradts in the Latin and German languages. Mojheim. 
OSIAN'DER (Luke), fon of the preceding, and a Lu¬ 
theran divine of confiderable learning and eminence, 
was born at Nuremberg in the year 1534. He purfued 
liis ftudies at firft in his native city, and afterwards at 
Konigfberg, where he cultivated with great fuccefs the 
Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, languages, and alfo went 
through his philofophical and theological courfes. In the 
year 1555, when he had arrived at the age of twenty-one, 
lie was firft made deacon of the church of Goppingen, 
and then co-paftor. In 1557, he was preferred to the paf- 
torftiip and fuperintendency of Blauberen. Afterwards 
lie was fucceffively appointed paftor of St. Leonard at 
Stutgard, with the fuperintendency of the churches in 
that diftridt ; court-preacher to the duke of Wirtemberg, 
and affeffor of the ecclefiaftical confiftory ; abbot of Adel- 
berg ; and firft preacher at Eflingen. He fuftained a part 
in the theological conference at Maulbrun, in 1564; that 
of Montbeillard, in 1586, where he entered the lifts with 
James Andreas, againft Beza and his affociates ; and that 
of Ratifbon, in 1594, with James Heilbrunner, Samuel 
Huber, and other divines. Afterwards he removed to 
Tubingen, where he died in 1604, when he was about 
feventy years of age. He publiflied, 1. A Commentary 
on the whole of the Old Teftament, in Latin, 1574-1586, 
7 vols. 4to. _ This work, of which father Simon lpeaksin 
terms of praife, met with a very favourable reception, 
and underwent fuch a number of impreffions, that, in the 
year 1723, father Le Long was able to particularize no 
fewer than thirteen, the laft of which is of the date of 
1635. 2. Inftitutiones Chriftiante Religionis, vel Loci 
communes de omnibus Fidei Articulis. 3. Poftilla 
Evangeliorum. 4. Enchiridion Evangeliorum et Epifto- 
larum dominicalium, 8vo. 5. Enchiridion Controverfi- 
arum Religionis inter Auguftanae Confeffionis Theolo- 
gos, Pontificios, Calvinianos, et Anabaptiftas, 8vo. 6, 
Epitome Hiftorias Ecclefiafticse, 1607-1610, 7 vols. 4to. 
7. Libellus de ratione concionandi, 8vo. 8. Sermons, 
controverfial treatifes, See. in the German language. 
This author is to be diftinguifhed from another Luke 
Osiander., who was chancellor of the univerfity of Tu¬ 
bingen, and died in 1638, at the age of fixty-eight. He 
publiflied a volume of Funeral Orations, in Latin; and 
feveral treatifes on the Omniprefence of Chrift’s Body, 
and other points in controverfial divinity. Freheri TJieatr. 
Vir. Erud. 
OSIAN'DER (Andrew), fon or nephew of the pre¬ 
ceding, and, like him, a Lutheran divine, was born at 
Blauberen, in the duchy of Wirtemberg, in the year 
1562. As he early difeovered a promifing genius, and 
made a rapid progrefs in elementary learning, at the age 
of fourteen he was received into the number of ducal 
ftipendiaries at Stutgard, and paffed through the different 
courfes of academical ftudy, with honourable teftimonies 
from his fuperiors to his diligence and improvement. In 
the year 1584 he was appointed deacon of the church of 
Aurach ; whence he was removed in 1586, and made 
paftor of the church of Gigligen. Two years afterwards 
lie was appointed preacher and counfellor to prince 
Louis of Wirtemberg ; and, in 1592, received the degree 
of dodtor of divinity from the new ducal univerfity of 
Tubingen. In the year 1598, prince Frederic nominated 
hint abbot of Adelberg, and fuperintendant of the 
churches in that diftridt. His laft promotions he received 
in the year 1605, when he was appointed paftor of the 
church of Tubingen, and with great folemnities inftalled 
chancellor of the univerfity in that place. After dif- 
charging the duties of thefe polls with great reputation 
for twelve years, he died in 1617, when in the fifty-fifth 
year of his age. He was the editor of “ Biblia facra, La- 
tine vulgata, cum Emendationibus et Explicationibus fu- 
periorum Verlionum, et Obfervationibus ex Theol. An¬ 
drew, Heerbrandi, Si c.” 1600, folio; which in the year 
1635 had pafldd through five editions. Ofiander was alfo 
the author of, 2. Affertiones Theologicae de Conciliis. 
3. Informatio ad Ccenam facram accedentium. 4. Papa 
non Papa; hoc eft, Papse et Papicolarum de pracipuis 
Chriftianai Dodtrinae partibus Lutherana Confeffio, ex 
Jure Canonico et aliquot Audtoribus pontificus in Enchi- 
ridii formam Colledta ; 1599, 8vo - which Dupin pro¬ 
nounces to be an excellent collection upon all points of 
religion, ecclefiaftical difeipline, See. Gen. Biog. 
OSIAN'DER (John Adam), a German Lutheran di¬ 
vine and profeffor in the feventeenth century, was a na¬ 
tive of Vayingen in the duchy of Wittemberg ; but, whe¬ 
ther he was of the fame family with the preceding, or in 
what year he was born, we are not informed. Neitherare 
we furnifhed with any other particulars concerning his 
perfonal hiftory, than that lie was admitted to the degree 
of dodtor of divinity, and appointed profeffor of that fa¬ 
culty at the univerfity of Tubingen, where he was alfo 
eledled provoft, and died in the year 1697. He was the 
author of, 1. Commentarius in Pentateuchum, 1676- 
1678, 5 vols. folio. 2. Commentarius in Jofuam, Li- 
brum Judicum, Ruth, et in Samuelis duos Lib. 1681- 
1687, 3 vols. folio. 3. Ultima Jacobi Oracula deduode- 
cim Filiis, Gen. xlix. 5. 1669, 4to. 4. Difputationes 
Academicae in pracipua et maxime controverfa Novi 
Teftamenti Loca, 1680, 8vo. 6. Difputationes Acade- 
4 miae 
