O T I 
reticulate with brown ; the hind head has four capillary 
feathers on each fide, rhombic at the tips ; the fpot on 
the wings and ears white. The fize of the little bultard, 
O. tetrax : length eighteen inches. Bill long and fien- 
der, brown and white : the head, neck, bread, and belly, 
black : on the ears a large white patch : junbtion of the 
neck and back, white: the whole back, wings, and tail, 
black, with a net-work of the fined lines of black and 
brown furrounding the mefhes of black : the greater wing- 
coverts are white. On the hind head are four pairs of 
capillary feathers ; each pair of diderent lengths, and 
dilating at their ends in a lance-draped tuft; the longed 
four inches, the diorted lcarcely rifingin fight. The legs 
are drong, and of a pale-yellow ; toes divided to their 
origin. It inhabits India, where it is called paffarage 
plover. The fimilarity of markings in this and the Afri¬ 
can budard are worthy obfervation, as one drawing might 
almodferve to reprefent both birds ; but the lad described, 
being much fmaller in fize, with the addition of the long 
capillary feathers on the ears, induced Dr. Latham to de¬ 
termine its being a diderent fpecies. 
In the pod'edion of Mrs. Wheeler, Dr. Latham found a 
fpecimen of a bird, which he fuppofed to be the female 
of the above. It is nineteen inches or more in length ; 
and the plumage not unlike that of the little budard, but 
lefs delicate in its markings. It is known in India by 
the name of oorail; by fomeof the Englidr called flerclier. 
It is much edeemed, confequently greatly fought after ; 
but, though not uncommon, very few are taken, as it is 
a very fhy bird. The flelh of the bread is part white, 
part brown, and is accounted a great delicacy. 
7. Otis houbara, the rud'ed budard : yellowidi, fpotted 
with brown; feathers of the neck long, whitilh, with 
black diafts ; the quill-feathers black, with a white fpot 
in the middle. This fpecies was difcovered by Dr. Shaw, 
whoad'erts that it has the diape and plumage of the great 
budard, but is much fmaller, not exceeding the dze of a 
pullet. It is marked all over with little brown fpots : 
the neck-feathers whitidi, very long, and dreaked with 
black. It lives on vegetable fubdances and infebts ; and 
generally inhabits the borders of an African or Arabian 
defert. It is decorated with a rud', formed by long fea¬ 
thers which rife from the neck ; and which, as in the 
domedic cock, bridle when the bird is irritated. “ It is 
curious (fays Dr. Shaw) to obferve, when it apprehends 
the attack of a rapacious bird, the turnings and windings, 
the marches and counter-marches, which it performs; in 
a word, the evafions and dratagems which it makes to 
elude its enemy.” This learned traveller fubjoins, that it 
furnidies an excellent medicine for fore eyes ; and that, 
for this realon, its gall, and a certain fubdance found in 
its domach, are lometimes fold at a very high price. 
8. Otis rhaad, the rhaad budard : a fky-blue cred on 
the back of the head in the male ; head black ; upper fide 
of the body and the wings yellow, with fainter fpots; 
under parts white, the tail dufkilh, with black tranfverfe 
dreaks. The rhaad is didinguiflhed from the little budard 
by its cred, and from the preceding fpecies by thedefebl 
of the rud'. It is however of the fame fize with the latter. 
Of this African fpecies there are two varieties, the 
little and the great. The little rhaad differs from the 
great one by its lize, being no larger than a common fowl; 
alfo by fome varieties in the plumage, and by the want 
of a cred. In Arabia they are both,termed faf-Jaf. Rhaad 
dignifies thunderin the African language, and is expreflive 
of the noife that tliefe birds make in lpringing from the 
ground. Saf-J'af denotes the rudling of their wdngs when 
flying. 
9. Otis Indica, the Indian, or white-chinned, budard : 
crown of the head black; upper part of the body brown, 
waved with black ; round the eyes mottled with black ; 
on each fide of the head a black fireak ; chin white. The 
red of the under parts duflcy yellowifh cream-colour; 
fides nearly white; legs pale duflcy brown. Inhabits India. 
10. Otis cedicnemus, the thick-kneed budard : grey- 
ifh ; two fird quill-feathers black, white in the middle ; 
O T M 55 
bill fharp-pointed ; legs cinereous; knees thick, as if 
fwollen. It inhabits Europe, Afia, and Africa; feeds in 
the night on worms, caterpillars, and reptiles; breeds in 
holes or among dones on the bare ground ; the eggs are 
of a copper colour, fpotted with darker red; makes a 
piercing fhrill cry, and migrates. The bill is black ; legs 
greenifh-yellow ; lower eye-lid naked, pale yellow : above 
and beneath the eyes there is a yellow line ; from the bill 
under the eyes to the ears there is a brown line. Under 
parts white. 
11. Otis Chilenfis, the Chilian budard : head and throat 
fmooth ; body white ; crown and tail-feathers cinereous : 
primary quill-feathers black. It inhabits Chili ; is even 
larger than the O. tarda; is gregarious, and feeds on herbs 5 
it is thought not to belong to this genus. The tail, 
which confids of eighteen feathers, is fhort; it has four 
very thick toes. 
O'TIS, a town of the North-American dates, in Berk- 
Ihire-county, Mafiachufetts, containing mi inhabitants. 
O'TISFIELD, a town of Mafiachufetts, in the didrict 
of Maine : forty miles north-wed of Portland. 
OTI'TES,/. in botany. See Cucubalus and Poly- 
PODIUM. 
OT'LEY, a market-town in the Wed Riding of York- 
Ihire, is fituated under a did' called Chevin, near the 
fouth bank of the river Wharfe. This town was for¬ 
merly remarkable for the great quantity of oats culti¬ 
vated in its neighbourhood, and lold at the market, 
which is held on Friday, and dill adords a very plentiful 
fupply of that fpecies of grain : the fairs are Aug. 1 and 
Nov. 5. At Akkerton, near this place, was an hofpital 
for lepers in the time of Edward II. who were bound to 
keep the bridge over the Wharfe in repair. No vedige of 
this building now remain, neither can any traces be dif¬ 
covered of the ancient palace of the archbifliops of York, 
to whom the manor of Otley was given by king Atheldan. 
In 1673 this town fudered feverely from an inundation, 
which fpread to a confiderable didance over the adjoining 
country. Here is a free grammar-fchool, called P..nce 
Henry’s School, founded in 1611. The church is a large 
and rather elegant edifice, and contains a great variety of 
monumental ereblions in honour of the families of Fair¬ 
fax, Fawkes, Vavafour, Palmes, and Pulleyn. From the 
population-returns of 1811, Otley appears to contain 573 
lioufes, and 2602 inhabitants. 
The vicinity of this town prefents to the eye a very rich 
and beautiful profpebt, particularly when furveyed from 
the fummit of the Chevin. It abounds with gentlemen’s 
feats, among which Newhall, (formerly called Stank,) 
Wedon, Farnley Hall, Denton Park, and Harewood 
Houfe, are the principal. The latter, the chief feat of 
lord Harewood, is one of the mod magnificent maniions 
in England. It was erebled by the late lord, who laid 
the foundation in 1760. The fiyle of the architeblure is 
Corinthian; and the whole is fitted-up fuitably to its ex¬ 
ternal grandeur. The extenfive pleafure-grounds and 
gardens were laid out by the judly-celebrated Browne. 
Near this manfion may be feen the ancient church of 
Harewood, rendered truly venerable by containing the 
tomb of that illudrious and virtuous judge, fir William 
Galcoigne, of Gawthorpe, who committed to prifon the 
then prince of Wales, afterwards Henry V. for offering 
infult to him on the bench. The ruins of the cadle are 
feated on a lofty eminence overlooking the Wharfe. 
Thefe are very extenfive, covering above an acre of 
ground ; but, from their extremely dilapidated condition, 
it is impodible to form a correbt idea of the conltrubtion 
and appearance of this immenfe pile in its priftine ftate. 
F.arnley Mall, the feat of Walter Fawkes, efq. is about 
three miles north of Otley, and is juftly ranked among 
the fined: maniions of the county, on account of the fcale 
of the houfe, the fiyle in which it is fitted-up, its fuperb 
and valuable collebtion of paintings and drawings, and 
for the natural character of the furrounding country. 
Beauties of England, vol. xvi. 
OT'MARSCH, a town of Holland, in the province 
of 
