O X F 
four different ftyles of execution. None of them how¬ 
ever come near, either with refpefit to defign or beauty 
of colouring, to the great weft window, which probably 
equals any firailar effort in the pifitorial art in Great Bri¬ 
tain. It was executed by Jervais from finiftied cartoons 
by firJofliua Reynolds, and is divided into two parts, the 
higher reprefenting the Nativity, and the lower feven 
figures emblematic of the Chriftian and Cardinal Virtues. 
The famous crozier of the founder is preferved in this 
chapel; and over the altar-table are fome beautiful fpe- 
cimens offculpture from thechifel of Weftmacott. The 
fervice of the chapel is aflifted by fixteen chorifters, ap¬ 
pointed by the warden folely. No particular rule is laid 
down with regard to the age of the boys, when admitted; 
but, generally fpeaking, we may fay from feven till ten 
years of age. They wear the ufual academical habit, and 
have a liberal education at a fchool within the college : 
they are inftrufited in grammar, in the Latin and Greek 
claflics, in writing, arithmetic, and mufic. Their mufi- 
cal fchool-room is furnidled with a finall organ, where 
the organift attends them perfonally three times a-week, 
from twelve till one o’clock. Choral fervice is performed 
twice a-day, at eight o’clock in the morning, and at fix 
in the evening, except in the long vacation, when the 
ehapel is fiiut from the beginning of July till the 10th 
of Ofitober. Before the year 1807, thofe boys whofe 
friends lived in Oxford, boarded and lodged at home; 
and thofe who came from the country, where their friends 
thought proper to place them. At that time they re¬ 
ceived from the college 7I. per annum each, befides their 
education, and a dinner in the college-buttery every day ; 
but in the year 1807, the warden and fellows thought it 
would be better for the boys all to board and lodge toge¬ 
ther, for which purpofe a large and healthy houfe was 
taken, and an extra mafter appointed to have the charge 
of them ; and, inftead of their receiving 7I. from the col¬ 
lege, they pay 7I. per annum to the perfon with whom 
they board, and the college pays him 16I. for each boy. 
Such of the chorifters as can obtain the appointment, 
are permitted to fing at St. Mary’s church, on lundays and 
holidays, but never perform on any occafion for the pro¬ 
fit of a mafter. 
8. Lincoln College. The original inftitution of 
this college took place in 1427, when Richard Flemming 
bifnop of Lincoln obtained the royal licence to eftablilfi 
a fociety of one refitor or warden, feven fellows, and two 
chaplains, in the church of All-Saints, Oxford, and to 
unite, to that church thofe of St. Mildred and St. Michael, 
under the general name of the firft. This fociety he ap¬ 
pointed perpetual patrons of the collegiate church ; and 
intended to have erefited buildings for the reception of 
its members, but was prevented by death from executing 
his benevolent views. They continued to refide, there¬ 
fore, in a tenement called Deep-hall, till the original 
defign of the prefent college was completed by the mu¬ 
nificent exertions of bifhop Rotheram, who was after¬ 
wards archbifhop of York. This prelate likewife in- 
creafed the number of fellows from feven to twelve, and 
framed a body of ftatutes for the government of the fo¬ 
ciety. Various other benefafitors have arifen fince that 
period ; among whom bifhop Smyth, the founder of Bra- 
zen-nofe, Edward Darby, M. A. archdeacon of Stowe, 
and Nathaniel lord Crew, bifhop of Durham, were the 
principal. The fociety now confifts of a refitor, twelve 
fellows, eight fcholars, twelve exhibitioners, and a bible- 
clerk. The bifhop of Lincoln is vifitor. 
The chief buildings of this college compofe two qua¬ 
drangular courts. The firft court, begun foon after the 
founder’s death, and finifhed by bifhop R.otheram, ftill re¬ 
tains much of the -eharafiter of ancient collegiate ftruc- 
tures. It contains the hall, the library, the refitor’s lodg¬ 
ings, the common room, and fome apartments for fcho¬ 
lars, all of which are of low elevation, and arranged with 
great fimplicity. The other quadrangle was erefited about 
the year 1612, with the exception of fix fets of rooms. 
O R D. 151 
which were added in 1759. The chief ornament of this 
court is the chapel, built at the expenfe of Dr. John Wil¬ 
liams, bifhop of Lincoln. 
9. All-Souls College was founded in the year 1437 
by Henry Chichele archbifhop of Canterbury, who pre¬ 
vailed on king Henry VI. to affume the title of co-foun¬ 
der. Chichele, however, retained all legiflative power 
refpefiting the new eftablifhment; and drew up a code of 
ftatutes, after the model of thofe promulgated by bifhop 
Wykeham. By thefe ftatutes, in conformity with the 
charter, the fociety was made to confift of a warden and 
twenty fellows, of whom fixteen were to ftudy the civil 
and canon laws, and the remainder philofophy, and the 
arts, and divinity. Chaplains, clerks, and chorifters, were 
likewife added for the fervice of the chapel. Numerous 
benefafitors have enriched this college at different periods, 
by whofe conjunfit donations this fociety has been ena¬ 
bled to augment the number of its members to a warden, 
forty fellows, two chaplains, and fix clerks and chorifters. 
The warden is defiled in the fame manner as the war¬ 
den of Merton-college. The archbifhop of Canterbury 
is vifitor. 
The buildings of this college conftitute two large qua¬ 
drangles, one of which is entered from High-ftreet, and 
the other from Radclifre-fquare. The former was erec¬ 
ted by the founder, and, though in fome parts modern¬ 
ized, ftill preferves many features of the original ftyle of 
its architefilure. Two niches over the principal entrance 
contain large and well-fculptured ftatues of king Edward 
VI. and of Chichele. The latter quadrangle is compara¬ 
tively of modern erefition, and mealures, within the court, 
172 feet in length, and 155 in breadth. On the weft are 
the grand entrance and the cloifter ; on the eaft, the com¬ 
mon room and other apartments, with two handfom© 
towers; on the fouth, the chapel and hall; and on the 
north, the library. “ This quadrangle,” fays Chalmers, 
“ efpecially when viewed from the weft entrance, prefents 
one of the moft attrafilive fcenes of which Oxford can 
boaft. The general ftyle is the mixed Gothic.” The 
library, which was begun in 1716, and only completed in 
1756, owes its erefition to the munificence of colonel 
Codrington, who left io,oool. for that purpofe, befides 
bequeathing to the fociety a collefition of books, then 
valued at upwards of 6000I. The principal room is pro¬ 
bably the largeft fo appropriated in the kingdom, being 
198 feet in length, and 32 J in breadth, exclufive of a 
grand central recefs, in the area of which is fixed a fta- 
tue of the colonel. Dr. Young, author of the Night 
Thoughts, laid the foundation-ftone of this ftrufiture, 
which was defigned by Hawkfmoor, and chiefly executed 
under his direction. 
10. Magdalen College was founded by William of 
Waynflete bilhop of Winchefter, under the authority of 
a licenfe, dated July 18, 1457, for a prefident, forty fel¬ 
lows, thirty fcholars called demies, a divinity-lefilurer, a 
fchool-mafter, an uflier, four chaplains, an organift, eight 
clerks, and fixteen chorifters. The fellows were direfited 
to ftudy divinity, medicine, and the canon law ; and 
the demies to be “ converfant in grammar, logic, fophif- 
try, and that fpecies of mufic called plain fong, or chaunt- 
ing.” Among the chief benefafitors of this inftitution 
were fir John Faftolf, who appointed the founder one of 
his executors, William earl of Arundel, Ralph Freman, 
and John Norris, LL. D. by whofe and other donations, 
added to the endowments of Waynflete, the college be¬ 
came fo opulent, that its annual revenues were eftimated, 
in 1535, at 1076I. 5s. 2d. The members of this fociety 
ftill remain the fame in number as at the time of found¬ 
ation, with the addition only of gentlemen-commoners, 
for no commoners are admitted. The chorifters are at the 
foie appointment of the prefident, who is not limited to 
particular age. They receive about 22I. per annum for 
their commons ; and eight of them have each an exhibi¬ 
tion befides, of between 5I. and 61 . a-year. They wear 
the proper collegiate drefs, attend chapel daily at 10 and 
45 and 
