155 
O X F 
bliftiment by charter, dated June 27, 1571. This deed 
prefcribed that the college thould be erected by the name 
of “ Jefus College, within the City and Univerfity of 
Oxford, of Queen Elizabeth’s Foundation 5” and declared 
the fociety to confift of a principal, eight fellows, and 
eight fcliolars. It further permitted Dr. Price to fettle 
upon them an annual revenue of 160I. to which he added 
a donation of 1500I. to affift in erecting the buildings, be¬ 
fides a fmall fum which he bequeathed for the fame pur- 
pofe at his death. The queen, though nominally found- 
refs, beftowed little patronage, and (till lefs property, on 
her college ; a circumftance not a little remarkable, as we 
believe this to have been the firlt college in Oxford which 
could boaft of deriving its origin from a Proteftant bene¬ 
factor. Hence, when Dr, Price died, the funds of the 
fociety were fo much exhaulted as to (top for a time the 
progrefs of the buildings. But private munificence foon 
after fupplied the want of regal bounty. The buildings 
were gradually completed ; and many extenfive benefac¬ 
tions quickly added liability to the hitherto limited 
finances of the inftitution. Sir Eubule Thelwall, befides 
liberal donations, procured for the fociety a new charter, 
dated June 1, 1622. Dr. Williams founded a logic lec¬ 
ture, and fir Thomas Canon a catechetical leCture. 
Among the other more extenfive contributors were 
Henry Weltphaling, bifliop of Hereford ; Henry Rowlands, 
bifliop of Bangor; king Charles I. Francis Manfell, D.D. 
fir Leoline Jenkins; and Edward Merrick, M.A. treafurer 
of St. David’s ; fome of whom added new fellowfhips and 
fcholarfliips. Thefe additional revenues rendered new 
charters neceflary at different periods. The laft was 
granted by George II. January 10, 1729; and under it 
the fociety now confilts of a principal, nineteen fellows, 
and eighteen fcholars, befides a number of exhibitioners, 
&c. The earl of Pembroke is viator. 
The buildings of Jefus College form two quadrangles, 
the firft of which meafures 90 feet by 70, and the fecond 
100 feet by 90. The former, entered from the ftreer, 
contains the chapel on the north, and the hall on the eaft, 
tides. The other fides are occupied by apartments of 
three ftories high. The front, in the flreet, w'as rebuilt 
in 1756, and is a heavy erection, deftitute alike of intereft 
and beauty. The fecond, or inner quadrangle, was begun 
in 1640, under the management of Dr. Manfell, then 
principal; but the difturbances arifing from the rebellion 
prevented its completion till the year 1767, when it was 
finifhed by fir Leoline Jenkins, at his own expenfe. The 
library, on the weft fide of this quadrangle, contains a 
good colle£tion of books and fome curiofities; among 
which are an immenfe filver bowl, weighing 278 ounces, 
and capable of holding above ten gallons; a metal watch 
given by Charles I. and a huge ftirrup, faid to have been 
preffed by the foot of queen Elizabeth. The chapel, built 
in 1621, is divided into three parts by two fcreens. The 
roof is finifhed in compartments, and is very richly de¬ 
corated. 
17. Wadham College was founded by Nicholas Wad- 
ham, efq. and his wife Dorothy, daughter of fir William 
Petre, an eminent benefadtor to feveral colleges in this 
univerfity. The execution of the undertaking, however, 
wholly devolved on the latter, as Mr. Wadham liimfelf 
died before the plan he had propofed could be carried 
into effedt. Her firft ftep was to purchafe the fite of the 
ancient priory of Auftin-friars, once a place of great dif- 
tindtion in the univerfity, which (he accomplished in 1610 ; 
and on the 31ft of July, in the fame year, laid the firft 
(tone of the prefent college. A royal licenfe was obtain¬ 
ed in i6jt, and in 1612 the ftatutes promulgated by the 
foundrefs received the fandtion of an adl of parliament. 
By thefe ftatutes, which ftill continue in force, (except 
as to the fubjedl of marriage,) the college was made to 
confift of a warden, fifteen fellows, fifteen fcholars, two 
chaplains, and two clerks. To thefe, however, feveral 
exhibitions have been added by fucceflive benefadtors, 
among whom the late Dr. John Wills, who died in 1806, 
O R D. 
defervedly holds the firft rank. This gentleman be¬ 
queathed 400I. a-year to the wardenfhip; ioool. to im¬ 
prove the warden’s lodgings; two exhibitions of iool. per 
annum each to two fellows, ftudents in law or medicine; 
two exhibitions of 20I. to fcholars in the fame faculties; 
20I. a-year for a divinity-ledturer; an annual exhibition 
of 75I. and another of iool. to two fuperannuated fel¬ 
lows ; 111. 10s. to a preacher; and 61. a-year for the pur- ■ 
chafe of books to be given as a premium to the belt reader 
in the chapel. He further nominated the fociety his refi- 
duary legatee. 
The buildings are entirely comprifed in one very fpa- 
cious quadrangle, about one hundred and thirty feet 
fquare; the whole of which, with the exception of a 
building of three ftories on the fouth of the front, were 
eredted by the foundrefs, at the expenfe of io,8i6l. ys. 8d. 
This college is entered by a gateway, under a central 
tower ; and has on its eaftern fide the hall and chapel, and 
on the other three, the warden’s lodgings, and apart¬ 
ments for the fellows, fcholars, and ftudents. In the 
middle of the eaftern fide is a portico in four compart¬ 
ments, adorned with ftatues in canopied niches of the 
founder and foundrefs, and of king James I. whole arms, 
fculptured in (lone, are placed in the higbeft compart¬ 
ment. The bifliop of Bath and Wells is vifitor. 
18. Pembroke College owes its foundation to the 
joint munificence of Thomas Tefdale and Richard Wight- 
wick ; for though, in the charter, which is dated 1624, 
king James is denominated founder, and the earl of Pem¬ 
broke, chancellor of the univerfity, godfather, yet they 
in fadt contributed little or nothing towards its eftablifli- 
ment, further than what their patronage may be iup- 
pofed to have accompli (lied. According to the ftatutes 
drawn up agreeably to the charter, the fociety was made 
to confift of a matter, ten fellow’s, and the fame number of 
fcholars; but the fellows have fince been increafed to 
fourteen, and the fcholars and exhibitioners to twenty- 
one, by the liberality of different benefadtors, among 
whom the moft eminent were lord Olfulfton, grandfon to 
the founder, Tefdale, and George Morley, bifliop of Win- 
chefter. The chancellor of the univerfity is vifitor. 
Pembroke College now forms two fmall courts, which 
are built on the ancient fite of Broadgate’s Hall, fome 
portion of which is ftill (landing, and conftitutes the hall 
of the prefent college. The principal court is uniform 
in its architedture, and poflefles the merit of fimplicity. 
It was chiefly eredted at different periods during the fe- 
venteenth century, partly with the money of the founders, 
and partly by the aid of fubfequent contributions. The 
front, which was only completed in 1694, is an unadorned 
elevation, with a low tower over the entrance in the 
centre. The chapel is a fmall but elegant edifice of the 
Ionic order, and is richly ornamented within. 
19. Worcester College was founded in 1714, under 
the will of fir Thomas Cookes, of Bentley Pauncefort in 
Worcefterfhire, who died in 1702, and bequeathed io,oool. 
to be applied either in eftabliftiing a new college, or in the 
endowment of additional fellowships and fcholarfliips in 
fome previous eftablifliment. The truftees at firft hefita- 
ting which of the above plans'to adopt, the money accu¬ 
mulated to 15,000k before they came to the refolutionof 
founding the prefent inftitution. This however they 
at length determined on ; and a charter of incorporation 
was obtained in 1714, for a college, to be called “ The 
Provoft, Fellows, and Scholars, of Worcefter College, in 
the Univerfity of Oxford.” A body of ftatutes was 
framed about the fame time ; and the fociety fettled in 
the ancient tenements of Gloucefter-hall, fome part of 
which (till remains. Several liberal benefactors foon after 
added confiderable donations. Of thefe, the principal 
were Dr. James Fynney, George Clarke, D.C.L. and Mrs. 
Sarah Eaton, the laft of whom endowed feven fellowftiips 
and five fcholarfliips for the foils of clergymen only. 
Hence the (ociety now confilts of a provoft, twenty-one 
fellows, and fifteen fcholars. The vifitors are the biihop 
of 
