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P A C 181 
PACK/AGE, f. A duty fet and rated in a table taken 
of goods and merchandifes ; and all goods not fpecified in 
tiie table, are to pay for package-duties after the rate of 
one penny in the pound, according as they are valued in 
the book of rates. Chambers. 
PACKER, f. One who binds up bales for carriage.— 
Packers are really, what their title expreffes, packers as 
well as preflers of all forts of bale-goods (intended for ex¬ 
portation) for the great trading-companies and mer¬ 
chants, for which they are anfwerable, if they ihould re¬ 
ceive any damage through bad package. Befides this, fe- 
veral of them are confiderable dealers. Chambers. 
PACK'ERSFIELD, a townfhip of New Hampfliire, 
Chefhire-county, eaft of Keene, on the head branches of 
Afliuelot-river, containing 1076 inhabitants: eighty-fix 
miles weft of Portfmouth. 
PACK'ET, f. [pacquet, Fr.] A fmall pack ; a mail of 
letters.—There palled continually packets and difpatches 
between the two kings. Bacon's Hen. VII. 
Upon your late command 
To guard the paflages, and fearch all packets, 
This to the prince was intercepted. Denham. 
A fmall bundle, as of a mountebank’s medicines. 
PACK'ET, or Packet-Boat, a veffel appointed by 
tits government to carry the mail of letters, packets, and 
exprefles, from one kingdom to another, by fea, in the moll 
expeditious manner.—People will wonder how the news 
could come, efpecially if the wind be fair when the packet 
goes over. Swift. —The packet-boats, under the direction 
of the polimafter-general of Great Britain, carry the 
mails from Dover to Calais, from Falmouth to Lilbon, 
from Harwich to Helvoetfluys, and from Park-gate to 
Dublin. Chambers. 
To PACK'ET, v. a. To bind up in parcels.—My refo- 
lution is to fend you all your letters well fealed and 
packetcd. Swift. 
PACKING, f. The art of the packer ; the art of com¬ 
prefling goods into a fmall compafs for the convenience 
of carriage. 
PACKING, f. [from to pack , in the fenfe of cheating.] 
A trick j a cheat; a falfehood.—We do hope to find out 
all your tricks, your plots and packing-. Milton on the New 
Forcers of Confcience. 
What excufe 
Can we make to the duke, what mercy hope for, 
Our packing being laid open ? Majfmger. 
PACKING-CLOTH, f. A coarfe kind of cloth for 
packing goods, See. Mr. Thomas Winter, of Shackle- 
well, took out a patent, in the year 1801, for the manu- 
fafture of a coarfe cloth for packing goods, covering 
rooms, &c. This cloth confifts of walle tan (after it has 
been ufed for the purpofes of tanning) boiled and bruifed ; 
of the wafte flireds, parings, or ferapings, of leather, alfo 
boiled and bruifed to a pulp; and of the fliort hair of ani¬ 
mals, prepared fo that it may interweave and unite with 
the other ingredients. Certain proportions of thefe are 
well mixed, adding to the mafs a fmall quantity of refufe 
tow; and then the whole is well beaten together with 
Hampers and a little water. When well blended, it is 
conveyed into vats, and warm water (made glutinous by 
previoufly boiling in it pieces of (kin) added by degrees. 
It is then moulded in frames like thofe of paper-makers; 
and, when dried, is fit for ufe. Rep. of Arts, vol. xvi. 
PACKING-PRESS, or Packer’s Press, f. The prefles 
ufed by packers for bringing their goods into a manage¬ 
able Ihape, previous to packing them for conveyance or 
flowing away, are of various kinds, and have been for 
many years in a progreflive flate of improvement. The 
two following we fhall feleft, as being well fuited to the 
purpofe. 
Mr. John Peek, of the New Road, near the Adam and 
Eve, produced a prefs, about the year 1795, which was 
confidered to be fo ingenious by the Society of Arts in 
the Adelphi, that, upon his giving u.o the invention to 
Vol. XVIII. No. 1234. 
the public, by declining to take out a patent, they voted 
him a reward of thirty guineas. This prefs appears to 
render the operation of packing much lefs laborious, and 
to expedite the bufinefs very much. One very confider¬ 
able improvement is, that much time will be faved by its 
being a double-preis; for, it will very readily be per¬ 
ceived, that when the lower package has been fufficiently 
prefled, as the bed or prefler is raifed, (another package 
being thereon,) the upper package begins to be prefled 
as that one underneath is relieved, and fo, alternately, 
during the whole operation. On the annexed Plate, at 
fig. 1. A A is the frame of the prefs. B, B, the large 
ferews, which, in this prefs, contrary to thofe in com¬ 
mon ufe, are fixed and immovable. C, a circular iron 
bar, extending beyond the fides of the prefs, and having 
thereon two worms or endlefs ferews, E, E, which work 
in two toothed wheels fixed to the nuts. By turning the 
winch D, the nuts and bed are driven up and down the 
ferews, as may be found necefiary. F, a ftage, fufpended 
from the bed, and on which the men (land who work the 
prefs; fuch a ftage may, if found necefiary, be fixed at 
the other end of the bar, another winch being put upon 
the fquare Ihoulder, G. The bed of this prefs mull be 
formed of two pieces of ftrong wood,.which are held to¬ 
gether by ferews and nuts, palled through them, as ftiown 
at h, k, h, h. 
MelTfs. Wheildon and Bowler, of Throgmorton-ftreet, 
and of Bear-lane, near Blackfriars-bridge, London, took 
out a patent for a packing-prefs in April 1796. “The 
principle on which our invention is founded (fay the pa¬ 
tentees) is the applying of a chain, cog, or any other kind 
of wheel or wheels, of various forms and fizes, and 
placed in various lituations, (to be worked by a handle or 
handles,) which may be affixed or annexed to any kind 
of prefs or prefles, for the purpofe of power in p re flu re, 
which has the advantage of compreffing any fubftance 
capable of preflu re into lefs compafs, with lefs labour, 
than the prefles now in ufe. Their component parts may 
be made of wood, iron, brafs, or any other fubftance or 
fubftances capable of being brought to the ftiape and ufes 
hereafter deferibed.” Fig. 2. reprefents a perfpedlive view 
of this prefs. A is a handle that gives motion to the ma¬ 
chinery, by turning the pinion B. C is another handle, 
for a quicker motion, which is annexed to the axis of a 
larger pinion D; and E is another handle, which is oc- 
cafionally fixed to the axis of the fpur-wheel F, to be 
worked by a man Handing in a hole beneath it; and on 
the fame axis is a pinion G, which afts in a tooth and 
cog-wheel H, and which is fixed to the bottom of the 
ferew I. K is a chain, which is connedled with the cogs 
of the wheel H, and to the cogs of the wheel L, which 
turns the other ferew M, (which ferews reft on pivots,) 
and which caufes the nut N to come down exaftly level 
upon the fubftance to be prefled or packed with an afto- 
nilhing power of preflu re; and, by turning the handle or 
handles the contrary way, it caufes the nut N to rife to 
its proper ftation. O O is a frame,' with the multiplying 
wheels fixed therein, which is annexed to an end of the 
prefs ; or it may be carried to its fide, if neceflary ; and it 
may be inclofed with a covering or cafe, to keep it from 
dirt or injury. P P is a frame for a platform or cafe, 
to be fitted to or upon it, which covers the whole of the 
bottom machinery. Fig. 3. reprefents a front-view of 
part of the machinery, (with the ferews broken off,) and 
a cog-wheel applied to the centre, to work inftead of the 
chain, as before fpecified. A is a handle, as before, that, 
by turning, gives motion to the pinion B. C is the handle 
connedted with the axis of the pinion D, and is made to 
(hove in and out of the teeth of the fpur-wheel F. E is 
another handle, to be occafionally fixed to the axis of the 
fpur-wheel F, to be worked as before deferibed ; and on 
the fame axis is a bevel-pinion G, which afts in a bevel- 
face wheel H, which is likewife cogged round its edge, 
and is fixed to the bottom of the ferew I, which gives mo¬ 
tion to the centre cog-wheel K, which gives motion to 
the other cog-wheel L, &c. as in fig. 2. 
3 A PACK'INGTON 
