P A D 
P M A 
built at the expenfe of the republic of Venice, deferve to 
be noticed, on account of their elegance, and the refem- 
blance they bear to triumphal arches; namely, the gate of 
St. John, on the road to Vicenza, which was built by the 
architect John Maria Falconetta, and is adorned exter¬ 
nally with four Corinthian pillars, and towards the town 
with as many pilafters ; the Porta Savanarola, by the fame, 
is of the Compoiite order, has four pillars, and a double 
attic foundation ; and, lately, the Portello, on the road to 
Venice, which is the neateft of all, and built by an un¬ 
known architect. Its external front confifts of eight 
double-fluted columns of the Ccmpofite order. 
The number of the inhabitants of this fine city is efti- 
nialed at 40,000 ; tJiey are in general poor, from a pro- 
penfity to indolence and begging. The ufual profeffions 
are very fluggiihly carried on ; and the fail-cloth manu¬ 
facture, which was fo celebrated through all Italy for 
the goodnefs and flrength of its fabric, is at prefent 
But very indifferent. Commerce, which, if carried on 
with more adivity, might, on account of the Anthony- 
fair, become important, is at prefent of no confideration, 
and almoft entirely in the hands of the Jews. Padua is 
twenty-two miles weft of Venice, and fifty eaft-north-eaft 
of Mantua. Lat. 45. 24. N. Ion. 10. 52. E. 
PADUAN', a country of Italy, bounded on the north 
by the Trevifan, on the ealt by the dogado of Venice, on 
the fouth by the Polefino, and on the weft by the Vicen- 
tin ; about thirty-five miles from north to fouth, and 
twenty-eight from eaft to weft; and including the above 
fplendid city. The air is wholefome and pure, except the 
few places fituated near the falt-marfhes. The grenteft 
part of the foil is fiat; and even the mountains bear a 
clofer refemblance to hillocks than mountains, and pro¬ 
duce grapes of excellent flavour, oranges, and other fruit. 
Exclufive of corn, hemp, rice, lemons, oranges, figs, dates, 
peaches, melons, artichokes, fpinach, and all kinds of ve¬ 
getables, the w'hole face of the country is chiefly planted 
with vines; which, according to the Italian cuftom, wind 
robnd the willows, elms, poplars, &c. and are alfo planted 
along the walks, reaching in the form of garlands from 
one tree to another, and ferve as borders to the corn¬ 
fields. Farther we find here numerous commons for the 
breeding of cattle, and an abundance of mulberry-trec-s 
for the culture of lilk, the trade of which is very confi- 
derable. In fliorf, this country may with juftice be termed 
a fecond Paradife, and the garden of Europe, The inha¬ 
bitants of the Paduan are 300,000 in number; and the 
four rivers, viz. the Adige, Brenta, Bachiglione, and 
Mufona, notwithftanding their overflowing their banks, 
fubjedting.the inhabitants to great Ioffes, yet contribute 
much to the’flourilhing condition of this country, as they 
greatly promote navigation and commerce, and drive a 
great number of mills. In 1405, this country came under 
the dominion of Venice ; and was afterwards declared, by 
the peace of Bologna, in 1529, to belong for ever to this 
ftate. The French republicans; however, urifettled many 
of tliefe everlafting treaties; and, in 1797, the Paduan 
was given by them to the emperor, and became a part of 
Maritime Auftria; in the year 1805, this territory was 
refurned by the French, when Napoleon became Emperor 
of France and King of Italy. By the late peace, 1815, 
it has been reftored to Auftria. The chief places, after 
Padua, are—Anguillara, Arqua, Cairipo St. Pietro* Cita- 
'della, Efte, and Montfelice. Ojpenhdm's Hi ft. of Maritime 
Auftria, 179S. Etijlace's Cla [fieri 'four in Italy, 1813. 
PAD'UAN,/! Among medalifts, a modern medal made 
in imitation of the antique; or a new medal ft ruck with 
all the marks and characters of antiquity; The name is 
taken from Paduan, Paduanns, a famous Italian, who fiic- 
ceedecl fo well in the impofture, if it may be fo called, that 
the beft judges are at a lofs to diftinguifh his medals from 
the genuine ones. This Paduan was thus called from the 
place of his birth, Padua: .his proper name was Giovanni 
llaviiio; others fry, Louis Lie; he flourifhed in the feven- 
te-eptft century. See the article Medal,, vol. xiv; p. 828. 
PADUANI'NO, an Italian painter, whofe real name 
was Dario Varotori, but he is better known under the 
one by which we have defignated him. He was born at 
Verona in 1539 ; and, at flrft, attached himfelf to theftudy 
of architecture, but afterwards received inftruftions in 
painting from Paul Verotiefe, and became a very fkilful 
artift. His fame refts principally upon the pictures he 
painted for the churches in Venice land in Padua, whence 
his name; but there are many very graceful and agree¬ 
able productions of his, upon a fmaller lcale, fcattered 
about, and fome few are found in this country. They 
indicate a lively and brilliant genius; and exhibit the gay 
effeCt of the Venetian ftyle, which he adopted in a pleating 
manner. He was renowned for his piety as well as for 
his ingenuity ; and, in the aft of returning thanks at the 
fhrine of the Virgin, in Padua, for having been miracii- 
lonfly. prefbrved when a fcaffold had broken and fell with- 
liim, he was fmitten with apoplexy, and died at the age 
of fifty-feven, anno 1 596. 
He left a fon, Alexander Varotori, called alfo Pa- 
daanino, who was not fo fuccefsful as his father, though 
he was not without merit. He died in 1650, at the age 
of fixty.—A daughter alfo of Dario's excelled in portrai¬ 
ture. Her name was Chiari, and fhe is highly praifed by 
Rodolfi. 
PADUASOY',./: [ Padou defoye, Fr.] A kind of fluff 
made originally, it is fuppofed, at Padua, and compofed 
of nearly equal parts of cotton and filk.—He was dreffed 
that day in as high a ftyle as the clerical funClion will 
allow; in a paduajby gown, fquare velvet cap. Sheridan's 
Life of Swift. 
PAD'ULA, a town of Naples, hi the province of 
Otranto: four miles north of Nardo. 
PAD'ULA, a town of Naples, in the Principatc CitrS: 
fourteen miles north of Policnftro. 
PA'DUS,/! in botany. See Prunus and Sideroxylon,. 
PA'DUS, in ancient geography, a river often called 
Eridithus, efpecially by rhe Greeks. It is famous for the 
fable of Phaeton (Ovid). It rifes in Mount Vefulus, in 
the Alpes Cothix:, from three fprings, dividing the Cifal- 
pine Gaul into the Tranfpadana and Cifpadana, (Strabo); 
and, fwelied by other rivers falling into it, on each fide, 
from the Alps and Appennines, it difeharges itfelf with 
a coqrfe from weft to eaft, at fie veil mouths, into the 
Adriatic. The lake through which it di (charges itfelf 
into the fea, is called by the natives the Seven Seas. Tiie 
origin of the name has been traced by ety mologifts to a 
corruption of the Celtic boden, whofe root is bud, or pot, 
and refers to its height and depth. According to Pliny 
it received thirty rivers ; but Cluvier reckons as many as 
forty; under which number they muft have comprehended 
mftny torrents which become dry in fummer. It is now 
called the Po. 
PADU'SA, the raoft fouthern mouth of the Po, confi- 
dered by lathe writers as the Po itfelf. It was fiaid to 
abound in fwans; and from it there was a cut to the town 
of Ravenna. Lempriere's Clajfival Dift. 
PADU'TI, a town of Naples, in Calabria Cltra: four 
miles eaft of Rofano. 
PAD'AN, f. [from the Gr. sTmiveiv, to praife, or wm.», 
to cure.] A hymn in honour of Apollo, either as a long 
of praife for a victory by lijs means, or addrelled to him 
as the inventor and patron of the healing art. But the 
word has been generalized, and applied to any hymn in 
honour of the gods. The acclamation lo, which gene¬ 
rally accompanied Petilk as the burden of the fong, means 
Jupiter, Io Pater; an abbreviation of the tetragrammaton 
miT, Jehovah. MS. Gleanings in Etymology, communi¬ 
cated by the Author. 
O riiay I live to hail tlie glorious day, 
Andfingloudthrough the crowded way. Ihfeommon. 
See from each clime the {earn'd their incenfe bring : 
Hear in all tongues contenting pceans ring. Pope. 
. Pt&an, or Freon, is alfo a name of a foot in the ancient 
poetry; 
