PAG 
•tinguifhed himfelf by bis zeal in defending the catholic 
church againft the attacks of the reformers; and laboured 
to prevent the numerous Italian families which had fet¬ 
tled in this city from being converted by the emiflaries of 
the Waldenfes and Lutherans. But what principally 
contributed to his celebrity, was the defign which he un¬ 
dertook, and accompliflied, of making the fil'd: modern 
tranflation into Latin of the Old Tedament from the 
original Hebrew, and of the New Tedament from the 
Greek. To this defign he was led from a firm conviction 
that the Vulgate trandation, as it has defcended to mo¬ 
dern times, is greatly corrupted from the date in which 
it was left by St. Jerome. It was his objeft, therefore, to 
produce a new trandation, in which the Vulgate fhould be 
followed whenever fidelity to the originals permitted. No 
fooner was his intention announced, than it met with the 
approbation of pope Leo X. who had that confidence in 
the learning and abilities of Pagninus, that he promifed 
to furnifh the necedary expenfes for completing his work. 
From a letter of Francis Picus of Mirandula to the au¬ 
thor, it appears, that he commenced his verfion of the 
Hebrew Scriptures in 14.93, and, after employing five- 
and-twenty years upon it, finidied it in 1518. He then 
applied to the trandation of the Apocryphal Books, and 
the New Tedament, both of which he rendered from the 
original Greek before the year 1521. At length the 
whole work was publidied at Lyons, in 1528, under the 
title of “ Veteris et Novi Tedamenti nova Trandatio, 
per Sanftum Pagninum nuper edita, approbante Cle¬ 
mente VII.” 4-to. accompanied with the licenfes of popes 
Adrian VI. and Clement VII. On this work many high 
commendations have been bedowed by the mod learned 
rabbis, who have decidedly given it the preference to all 
other trandations of the facred Hebrew writings; and 
alfo by many eminent Chridian critics, catholic and pro- 
tedant; and, among others, by Leufden, Erpenius, Bux- 
torf, and the learned Huet bifhop of Avranches. On 
the other hand, Genebrard, father Simon, and others, 
while they agreewith later trandators and commentators 
on the fcriptures, in acknowledging that Pagninus has 
given proof in it of great learning and abilities, contefl 
its claims to the fuperior excellence which the former at¬ 
tribute to it. Father Simon pronounces it to be obfcure, 
barbarous, and full of folecifms; and maintains that it 
fometimes changes the fenfe of the text. This verfion, 
however, afterwards underwent repeated imprefiions. In 
the fame year the author publidted “ Liber Interpreta- 
tionum Hebraicorum, Aramaeorum, Graecorumque No- 
minum, quae Arcanis facrifque in Litteris inveniuntur, 
ordine alphabetico, ut inventu cunda fint perfacilia,” 
4-to. which has been added to the fubfequent editions of 
that work. Pagninus alfo publidied, 3. Thefaurus Lin¬ 
guae Sand! as, 1529, folio ; which was reprinted by Ro’bert 
Stephens, under the.titleof, Thefaurus Linguae Sandtae 
contradlior et emendatior, 1548, 4to. and an abridgment 
of the fame w>as publidied at Antwerp in 1616, 8vo. 4. 
Ifagoges, feu Ir.troduftionis ad Sacras Litteras Liber 
Unus, 1528, 4to. and reprinted in 1536, folio, with an 
hiftorical preface by Symphorien Champier. 5. Hebrai- 
carum Inditutionum Libri Quatuor, Sane. Pag. Luc. 
Audi. ex Rabbi David Kimhi priore parte fere tranferipti, 
1526, 4to. of which an abridgment was printed at Paris 
by Robert Stephens, in 1546, 4to. 6. Enchiridion Expoli- 
tionis Vocabulorum Haruch, Targum et multorum ali- 
orum Librorum, Hebraicae Linguae, aliifque Libris ap- 
prime accommodatum, &c. 1523, folio. 7. Ifagogae ad 
facras Litteras et ad myfticos Scripturas Senfus, &c. being 
a continuation of the “ Ifagoges” above-mentioned, and 
reprinted with the fame in 1536, fb'lio. 8. Catenaargen- 
tea in Pentateuchum,in fix large volumes, 1536. 9. Catena 
argentea in totum Pfalterium, Hebrteorum, Graecorum, 
et Latinorum, continens Commentaria, in three large vo¬ 
lumes. 10. Annotamenta in totum Vetus Tedamentum. 
hi. Ifagogae Graecae, &c. 1525, 2 vols..folio; and deleft 
behind him a number of manuferipts. Pagninus died at 
PAG 189 
Lyons in 1536, at the age of fixty-fix ; and, when his ob- 
fequies were celebrated, a great number of the principal 
people of the city attended, out of refpedt to his memory. 
Buxtorf, w ho made much life of his Thefaurus in form¬ 
ing one of his own, calls him “ Vir linguarum orienta- 
liuin peritiflimus.” Luther fpoke of him with great ap- 
piaufe. Simon's (Wit. Ilift. Le Long's Biblia Sacra, vol. i. 
PA'GNY sur MOSEL'LE, a town of France, in the 
department of the Meurte: four miles north of Pont a 
Moudon, and nine fouth-fouth-weft of Metz. 
PA'GO, an idand in the Adriatic, near the coad of 
Dalmatia or Morlachia, about twenty miles long and fix 
broad, with feveral villages. The ancient geographers 
have left us no defeription of it; though (as Fortj»s ob- 
ferves) its form, extent, and rich produce, unqueftion- 
ably deferred it. And this is the more unaccountable, as 
we know the Romans were well acquainted with it; and 
on the other iflands adjoining to it are many veftiges of 
buildings, infcriptions, tiles, and hewn (tones, all Cure 
figns of Roman habitations. Its figure is remarkably irre¬ 
gular, its breadth being in no proportion to its length; 
for one of the extremities, called Punta diLodi, is above 
ten miles long, and lefs than one broad. Almoft ail 
the circumference is difmal, without trees or any kind 
of vifible plants or grafs, deep, craggy, and uninhabited. 
On entering the lake through the channel that commu¬ 
nicates with the fea, nothing is to be feen either on the 
right or left but bare hanging rocks, fo disfigured on the 
outfide by the violent percuffion of the waves, that the 
ftratification is hardly diltinguifhable. The channel, or 
inward bay, of Pago, is not a harbour; on the contrary, 
it is a very dangerous ftation, and even inacceftible in 
winter, when the north wind blows with fuch fury, that 
the inhabitants of the town dare not ftir out of their 
houfes, and much lefs the few that are fcattered over the 
country. The (ky appears always cloudy in that feafon,. 
by the thick mift that arifes from the re-percuflion of the 
waves on that long chain of rough and hollow rocks. 
One particular circumltance, which diftinguifhes it from 
all the other iflands of the Adriatic, is a large internal 
felt-water lake, fifteen miles long from Couth to north, 
into which the fea enters by a canal not above a quarter 
of a mile. This lake is frequented by the tunny-fifh, 
which, when once in, cannot return again to the lea. 
There are alfo two fmaller lakes on the ifland : one near 
Vlaflich, abounding in filh, particularly eels; and one 
near the hamlet of Slabine. 
In this ifland the winter is dreadfully cold, and the 
fummer fcorchingly hot. Thole who have been there in 
the winter-time Jpeakofitasa Siberia quite covered with 
fnow and ice, and always expofed to the coid north wind ; 
and, in the hot feafon, it is thought equal to the tnoll 
fcorching parts of the world. The naked rocks, which 
not only form the organization, but alfo the fuperficies, 
of almoft all the ifland ; the narrownefs of the valleys ; 
the reverberation of the water of the lake, generally 
quite calm in fummer; multiply the heat fo prodigioufly 
among thofe ftones, that the vines, which are planted all 
round the lake, ripen their grapes by the beginning of 
Auguft; and the other products that grow there antici¬ 
pate the ufual time of maturity in the fame manner. The 
meteors are exceedingly irregular in the fummer-time ; 
fudden whirlwinds are frequent, and heavy (h.owcrs of 
rain : the laft are hurtful to the inhabitants of one part 
of the ifland, and are favourable to the cultivation of the 
oppofite end. They cultivate neither corn nor oil on this 
ifland ; but it produces plenty of wine, and an immenfe 
quantity of (alt. The other produfts are wool, honey, 
and a little fait fifh. The quantity of wine amounts an¬ 
nually, on a medium, to 40,000 Venetian barrels ; and 
from the hulks they diftil 2000 barrels of rahia, or brandy. 
The fait, in 1663, amounted to 800,000 Venetian (tare. 
The falt-works are well contrived and well kept; they 
extend along a (hallow pool, which forms the ealtern ex¬ 
tremity of the lake within, for four miles in length and 
about 
