PAL 
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PA'LA, a town on the weft coaft of the jfland of Ce¬ 
lebes. Lat. 2. 32. S. Ion. 119. 9. E. 
PALA'BROS,/ [Ital. on my word.] A kind of petty 
oath. Shdhefpeare. 
PAL'ACE, f. [palais, Fr. palatum, Lat.] A royal 
houfe ; an houfe eminently fplendid : 
The fun’s bright palace, on high columns rais’d, 
With burning gold and flaming jewels blaz’d. Addifon. 
The etymon of this word muft be Palatinum or Pala- 
tinus Ager, where, according to Varro, the Palalini, or 
Aborigines, dwelt before the arrival of AEneas in Italy. 
Palatinum is a compound word, which includes the name 
of the country, Latium, with a prefix, which may fig- 
nify Purum Latum, or Free- Latium; “ the very Latium,” 
the principal or head place of the Latium. All other 
words collected in dictionaries as etymons are mere deri¬ 
vatives : we cannot therefore look upon the German and 
Saxon palajl, or the Welfti and Cornith plas, as themata. 
(See Todd’s Johnfon.) It is clear that our word place , 
borrowed from the French, originates in palutium. Ety¬ 
mological Gleanings, MS. 
Procopius derives the word from a Grecian called Pal¬ 
las, who gave his own name to a magnificent houfe he 
had built; adding, that Auguftus, after him, gave the 
name palatium to the houfe of the Roman emperors on 
the hill which, for that reafon, was called the Palatine 
mount. Others take it the contrary way ; and fay that 
Romulus’s houfe, in which Auguftus lived, was pro¬ 
perly called palatium, becaufe fituate on the Palatine 
mount. Be this as it will, it is certain that palatium, from 
a proper name, in time became common to all houfes of 
kings. 
And, as the kings ufually heard and determined caufes 
in their houles, in what part of the realm foever they were 
fituate ; hence alfo palatium became a name for a court 
of juftice, which ufage is ftill retained. See the next 
article. 
PAL'ACE-CO'URT, f A court of legal jurifdiilion, 
now held once a-week (together with the court of Mar- 
fhalfea) in the Borough of Southwark. MaJ'on .— Charles I. 
in the fixth year of his reign, by his letters-patent, 
erefted a new court of record, called the Curia Palatii, 
or palace-court, to be held before the fteward of the houfe- 
hoid and knight-marfhal, and the fteward of the court, 
or his deputy, with jurifdiftion to hold pleas of all man¬ 
ner of perfonal actions whatfoever which flrall arife be¬ 
tween any parties within twelve miles of his majefty’s 
palace at Whitehall. Blc.chjlone. —For the diftinfition be¬ 
tween the Marfhalfea-court and the Palace-court, fee the 
article London, vol. xiii. p. 512. 
PALA'CIOS, a town of Spain, in the province of 
Leon : eight miles foutli of Aftorga. 
PALA'CIOS, (Los), a town of Spain, in the province 
of Seville : ten miles fouth-eaft of Seville. 
PALA'CIOUS, adj. [from palace .] Royal; noble; 
magnificent.—London increafes daily, turning of great 
palucions houfes into ftnall tenements. Graunt. 
PAL'ADA, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Awun-gabad: forty-eight miles fouth-eaft of Aurun- 
gabad. 
PAL'AD INE, adj. [paladinus , barb. Lat.] An epithet 
for a noble of eminent rank in the time of Charlemagne. 
—-Such hath Orlando, Countie Paladine. Harrington. 
PA'LAE, anciently a town at the foutli of Cortica ; now 
St. Bonifacio. 
PALAE'MON, or Palemon, a fea-deity, fon of Atha- 
mas and Ino. His original name was Melicerta; and he 
affumed that of Palasmon, after he had been changed into 
a fea-deity by Neptune. See Melicerta. 
PALAE'MON (Quintus Remmius), a celebrated Roman 
grammarian in the reigns of Tiberius and Claudius, 
was a. native of Vicenza, and domeftic flave to a woman 
of that place ; but, by attending her fon to the academy, 
ire acquired fo much knowledge, that ftie gave him his 
freedom, and he opened a grammar-fehool at Rome. He 
gained great reputation as a rhetorician and poet; but 
his morals were fo loofe, that he was confidered a very 
improper preceptor for young people. His income, how¬ 
ever, as teacher, was very confiderable, but quite inade¬ 
quate to his luxurious mode of living. The remains of 
this w’riter, who was fo arrogant as to fay that letters 
were born and would die with him, are, 1. Ars Gramma- 
tica, printed among the Grammatici Antiqui, of which 
the beft edition is that of 1605. 2. A treatife De Ponde- 
ribus et Menfuris, printed at Leyden in 1387 j but which 
has been aferibed to another writer of the fame name. 
Gen. Biog. 
PALAJOCAS'TRO. See Thuria. 
PALAEOCH'ORI, or the Old Town, otherwife called 
Magoula, the real fite of the ancient city of Sparta. The 
New Town, under the name of Misitra, (lee vol. xv.) 
lies about two leagues weft of it. D'Anville. —Mr. Cha¬ 
teaubriand vifited this place in 1806, and clefcribes the 
appearance of the ruins with great enthufiafm : “ but 
this Magoula, formerly a confiderable Turkifti village, 
has alfo perifhed in this feene of defolation : its build¬ 
ings are overthrown, and the index of ruins is itfelf but 
a ruin !” Travels in Egypt, Paleftine, &c. Paris, 1811. 
PALAEOL'OGUS (Michael), a very able man, who was 
governor of Afia under the emperor Theodorus Lafcaris ; 
and who, by various ftratagems and cruelties, procured 
the empire for himfelf and his pofterity. 
PAI.AEP'APHOS, the ancient town of Paphos, in Cy¬ 
prus, where flood a temple of Venus; and adjoining was 
the town called Neo Paphos, where St. Paul ftruck Ely- 
mas blind, and converted the proconful Sergius Paulus. 
PALAEPHARSA'LUS, the ancient town of Pharfalus, 
in Theflaly. 
PALAEPH'ATUS. Of this name feveral ancient wri- 
ters are recorded. One, an Athenian, placed among the 
poets anterior to Homer ; one, a native of Paros or Priene, 
who lived under Artaxerxes Mnemon ; and one, a gram¬ 
marian and philofopher, born either at Athens, or in 
Egypt, pofterior to Ariftotle. Which of thefe is the au¬ 
thor of a work remaining in the name of Palaephatus, is 
uncertain. It is in Greek, entitled Ilspi run Amdlav, De 
Incredibilibus ; and its fubjeit is the explication of an¬ 
cient fables. It has been feveral times publiihed in Greek 
and Latin : the beft edition is that of I. F. Fifcher, Lipf. 
1761, 1789. Gen. Biog. 
PALAEP'OLIS, a town of Campania, built by a Greek 
colony, where Naples afterwards was erefted. 
PALAES'TE, f. The name of a Greek meafure of length, 
being the fame with the dochme and doron, and contain¬ 
ing four finger-breadths, or digits. 
PALAESTI'NUS, an ancient name of the river Strymon. 
Lempriere. 
PALAES'TR A, J\ [Gr. from rra.M, wreftling.] Among 
the ancient Greeks, a public building, where the youth 
exercifed themfelves in wreftling, running, playing at 
quoits, &c. The length of the palseftra was marked out 
by ftadia, each equal to one hundred and twenty-five geo¬ 
metrical paces; and hence the nam ejladium was given to 
the arena whereon they ran. 
Thefeus, according to Plutarch, is reported to have 
been the firft who reduced wreftling into a fcience ; and 
in procefs of time, though the rules which he laid down 
are unknown, it became one of the chief exercifes of the 
Olympic ftadium, having been firft introduced into it in 
the 18th olympiad; and Eurybalus, a Spartan, was the 
firft who received the wreftler’s crown. The moft remark¬ 
able difference between the ancient and modern prailice 
of this art is, that the ancient wreftlers contended naked, 
and that their bodies were rubbed all over with oil, or 
with a certain ointment, compofed of a due proportion 
of oil, wax, and duft, mixed up together, which they 
called ceroma. In order, however, to qualify the extreme 
lubricity of the fkin, occafioned by this unilion, the 
athlette were accuftomed, before they came to an engage¬ 
ment, 
