264 
PAL 
ment, either to roll themfelvesin the mud of tbs palaeftra 
(from which fome perfons derive the words pali and pa- 
ice/tra, 7t»jAo? fignifying mud), or in the fand kept forthat 
purpofe, or that with which the place of combat feems to 
have been covered. It is certain, whatever was the mode 
of doing it, that the athlefre, who were anointed, were 
always, before they engaged, fprinkled with duft or fand ; 
fo that to fay an athleta gained a victory, anonh, and with¬ 
out being fo fprinkled, was the fame thing as to fay he 
gained a victory without engaging; which indeed forne- 
tjmes happened, when, either from the great reputa¬ 
tion of the champion, or other reafons, none appeared 
to encounter him. The office of anointing and fprink- 
ling the combatants was foinetimes performed by 
themfelves upon one another, and fometimes by the 
officers of the palaeftra, called from thence aliptcc, or 
anointers 
After the wreftlers were thus prepared for the engage¬ 
ment, they w'ere matched by the judges or prefidents of 
the games in the following manner. In a filver urn con- 
fecrated to Jupiter, and brought forth upon this occafion, 
were call fo many lots or dice, about the bigneis of a 
bean, as anfwered to the number of competitors. Thefe 
lgits were all marked with letters; as for example, upon 
two of them was written the letter A, B upon two others, 
and fo on in alphabetical order. This being done, the 
athletes approached in order, and, invoking Jupiter, put 
their hands into the urn, and drew out each his lot: to 
prevent alf fraud, an officer appointed for that purpofe 
attended upon every one as he came to draw, and held 
up his hand before him, to hinder his feeing the letters 
written upon the lot. When every one had drawn, the 
'presidents of the games, going round to every athlete in 
order as they flood, infpedted the lots. And thus the 
two, whofe lots were both marked with the fame letter, 
as with A or B, were by him matched and appointed to 
engage with each other. This w'as the cafe when the 
number of the combatants was even, as four, eight, twelve; 
but, when the number was odd, as five, feven, nine, &c. 
there was put into the urn, together with the duplicate 
lots* an odd one, marked with a letter to which there was 
none that correfponded. The athlete who was fortunate 
enough to obtain this lot was named ephedrus , was to 
wait till the others had contended, and was then to take 
up one of the conquerors. This, as Lucian obferves, 
vtas a very confiderable advantage ; as the champion, 
who by virtue of his lot was to wait till the others had 
contended, came frefh and vigorous to the encounter 
againfl an adverfary, animated indeed and flufhed with 
conquefl, but flattered and exhausted in obtaining it. 
The wreftlers, being thus matched, proceeded to the 
combat, in which the victory was adjudged to him who 
gave his adverfary three falls. This feems to be evident, 
from the famous epigram upon Milo, with which we Shall 
conclude this article. 
The champion who diftinguifhed himfelf the moll in 
this exercife, was Milo of Crotona, who gained no lefs 
than fix Olympic and as many Pythian crowns. There 
are fo many inftances of the prodigious ftrength of this 
famous wreftler, and moft of them fo well known, that 
it would be endlefs and impertinent to cite them all. (See 
Milo, vol. xv.) This Milo, to give a proof of his afto- 
nifhing ftrength, was wont to take a pomegranate, which, 
without fqueezing or breaking it, he held fo fall by 
the mere ftrength of his fingers, that nobody was able 
to take it from him; “ nobody but his miftrefs,” fays 
JUllan. But, however weak he may have been with re¬ 
gard to the fair fex, bis fuperior force was univerfally ac¬ 
knowledged by the men, as will appear by the following 
epigram : 
When none adventur’d, in th’ Olympic fand, 
The might of boift’rous Milo to withftand ; 
Th’ unrivall’d chief advanc’d to feize the crown, 
But, ’mid his triumph, flipp’d unwary down. 
PAL 
The people Shouted, and forbade beftovv 
The wreath on him who fell without a foe. - 
But, rifing, in the midft he flood, and cry’d, 
Do not three falls the victory decide ? 
Fortune indeed hath giv’n me one, but who 
Will undertaketo throw me th’ other two ? Weft's Pindar 
PALZEo'TRIC, adj. Belonging to bodily exercife.— 
They were fo Skilled in the pahzjtric art, that they Slew 
all Strangers whom they forced to engage with them. 
Bryant's Analyfis of Anc. Myth. —Gentlemanly and pa- 
Iffjlric exercifes ftiould be fomewhat encouraged. Life of 
a Dijfenting Minifier, 18 1 2. 
PALJESTROPH'YLAX, f. The direCtorof a palaeftra, 
and of the exercifes performed therein. 
PALAFOX' Y MENDO'ZA (Don Juan de), a Spa- 
nifh prelate, was born of a noble family at Arragon, in 
the year 1600. He Studied at Salamanca, after which he 
was appointed a member of the council of war, and next 
to that of the Indies ; but he renounced civil distinctions 
for the ecclefiaftical ftate, and was made a bifhop in Spa¬ 
nish America, with the title of judge of the administra¬ 
tion of the three viceroys of the Indies. Zeal for the in¬ 
terests of the church involved him in fome difficulties, 
and he was compelled to fecrete himS’elf to fave his life. 
His conduct was however in every refpeft approved by 
the king; and he was appointed to the bishopric of Ofma 
in 1653, in which he continued till his death, in 1656. 
He was a voluminous writer; but the works by which 
he is chiefly known, are, The Hiftory of the Siege of Fon- 
tarabia, and The Hiftory of the Conquefl of China by the 
Tartars. 
PALAFU'GELL, a town of Spain, in Catalonia : twen¬ 
ty miles fouth-eaft of Gerona. 
PALAGO'NIA, a town of Sicily, in the Val di Noto. 
PALAI'S (Le), a feaport town of France, and capital 
of the ifland of Belle-ISle, fituated on the eaft coaft, and 
defended by a citadel, with good anchoring in the road ; 
but veflels of above fifteen tons cannot enter except at 
high-water. It contains two churches, and about 500 
lioufes : twenty-four miles fouth-eaft of L’Orient. Lat. 
47. 21. N. Ion. 3. 4. W. 
PALAI'S (St.), a town of France, in the department 
of the Lower Pyrenees, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftri£t of Mauleon, feated on the Bidouze ; twenty- 
one miles fouth-eaft of Bayonne. The town contains 
xooo inhabitants. Lat. 43. 19. N. Ion. o. 50. W. 
PALAISEAU'X, a town of Frances in the depart¬ 
ment of the Seine and Oife: feven miles fouthread of Ver- 
failles. 
PALA'KA, a town of Turkish Armenia, in the go¬ 
vernment of Kars : fixty miles north-north-eaft of Kars. 
PALAMA'DA, a town of Bengal : twenty-eight 
miles fouth of DoeSa. 
PALAMBANG', or Palembang, a town of the island 
of Sumatra, fituated on a river of the fame name, about 
fifty miles from the fea ; the capital of a kingdom, of 
which the dominions are extenfive, and comprehend the 
island of Banca. Palambangis peopled moftiy by Javans, 
in confequence of that part of the ifland being formerly 
under the jurifdiCtion of the Bantam empire, whence its 
fovereigns derived their appointment. It has been fince 
under the immediate protection of the Dutch govern¬ 
ment at Batavia, who have had a chief and faCtory there, 
and procure from it pepper and tin. It has likewife been 
an ufeful mart to them, for vending opium and other 
commodities from the weft of India. The tin, though 
exported from Palambang, is dug up in the island of 
Banca, which covers the mouth of the river, and consti¬ 
tutes a trade of confiderable importance. The king of 
Palambang, whofe dominions are very extenfive, reach¬ 
ing as far as the hills of Lampoon to the fouth ward, and 
comprehending the island of Banca, accumulates iinmenfe 
riches. It is Said that the quantity of pepper brought 
annually from Palambang is about 2,000,000 lbs. which 
