306 
PAM 
P A M 
cefe of Truxillo, and province of Pataz, on the weft bank 
of the Guallaga, inhabited by Indians. 
PAMPA'R A, a town of Africa, in Bambarra: 156 miles 
weft of Sego. 
PAM'PAS, a province of South America, in the vice¬ 
royalty of Buenos-Ayres, confiding of vaft plains, which 
extend from the fea-coaft on the eaft, to that great chain 
which forms the beginning of the Cordilleras of Chili, 
about 14.0 leagues weft from the city of Buenos-Ayres. 
Towards the fouth, they ftretch about 100 leagues to a 
chain proceeding weft-north-weft from the Atlantic. The 
northern boundaries are not diftin&ly known, but the 
name of Pampas is chiefly applied to the territory on the 
fouth of Buenos-Ayres, Cordova, and Mendoza. Thefe 
vaft plains, like the Steppes of Ruflia, having fcarcely 
any elevations : the view, as at fea, is terminated by the 
horizon. They are only diverflfied with paths and 
ditches, which collect the rain-waters, and which com¬ 
monly end in lakes, as there is no declivity ; yet there 
are wide tracts in which no water is found, nor is that 
element pure ; and trees are extremely rare, except a few 
flirubs round the lakes. Hence this region is only inha¬ 
bited by a few wandering favages. The foil is generally 
a black earth, of little depth, and is followed by a kind 
of coarfe white chalk, fo that it is difficult to form wells, 
as the water can fcarcely pafs fo tenacious a fubftance. 
The chief pafturage is clover, and, in the beft parts, fome- 
times foftrong, as to relift the ftep of a horfe : it is much 
liked by the cattle, which, when there is water, multiply 
prodigioufly in the Pampas. 
PAM'PAS DEL SACRAMEN'TO, immenfe plains in 
Peru, lying between the Gualagaand the Maranon weft 
and eaft, bounded by the Tunguragua on the north. 
The names Montana Real and Pampas del Sacramento 
have been confounded ; whereas the former, in its drift 
original acceptation, implied a mountainous region of no 
great extent, to the eaft of the provinces of Tarma and 
Guanuco; whilft the latter has been carried to an immenfe 
extent, fo as to include the vaft territories on the north 
and fouth of the Maranon, as far as the line of demar¬ 
cation with the Portuguefe fettlements. In this accepta¬ 
tion, the medial length from the country of the Majos, 
lat. 15. S. to the river Guaviari, lat. 3. N. is 18 0 , or 1080 
geographical miles. The breadth depends upon the Por¬ 
tuguefe frontier, but the medium may be io°, or 600 geo¬ 
graphical miles. 
The name of Pampas del Sacramento, Plains or Steppes 
of the Holy Sacrament, was impofed by the pious fathers 
on an enormous territory, watered by the Ucayal, or ge¬ 
nuine Maranon, and which they fondly reprefent as being 
as large as Europe ; but they deferve greater credit when 
they inform 11s, that it is about 8000 leagues fquare, and 
capable of maintaining five millions of inhabitants. The 
recent difcovery of the Pampas is chiefly owing to father 
Girval, who has navigated about 400 leagues fouth to 
north, and feventy weft to eaft, on the grand and genuine 
Maranon, and has infpefled and defcribed the country 
with confiderable care. He has difcovered twenty-five 
nations, or rather tribes of Indians, of whom he pretends 
to have converted four, viz. the Panos, Cambos, Chipeos, 
and the Piros. The common deity of all the tribes he 
found to be the Moon ; and they dread a demon called 
Nugi, whom they regard as the author of all their cala¬ 
mities. For the conducing of their wars, they eledt a 
chief of the greateft courage and cunning; and, in the profe- 
cution of theircontefts, the men are (lain, and women and 
children only become captives. Sometribesare morecour- 
teous and humane ; while others, as the Cafivos and Ca- 
rapachos, are anthropophagi. The Carapachos are about 
8° fouth lat. on the bank of the river Pachitea ; and the 
Chipeos at 7. 35. Among all the nations on this part of 
the genuine Maranon, circumcifion is praftifed among the 
men, and excifion among the women. The Capanaguas, 
a tribe on the river Mague, drefs and eat their dead, and 
think this adfion meritorious; and yet they are one of 
the moft humane tribes. 
The Pampas del Sacramento are divided from the Si¬ 
erra, or the hills of Peru, by a lofty chain, from which 
this vaft country appears fo level that it refembles the 
ocean. The perpetual verdure of its fields forms a deli¬ 
cious perfpedlive ; and for fome hours in the day there is 
fo thick a fog on the tall trees, that the clouds feem to be 
underyourfeet. Rain and thunder are frequent. Infedts 
and reptiles are abundant. Many of the vegetable produdfs 
are rare and lingular. Balfams,oils,gums, refins, incenfe, 
cinnamon, though inferior to that of Ceylon, cacao, cafca- 
rilla, and an excellent fpice, called the pucheri, are very 
plentiful. But the warmth and humidity rendera country, 
equal in fize to an Afiatic empire, almoft uninhabitable; 
and even the few traders on the banks of the rivers rarely 
fee a man of the age of fifty. Yet the miifionaries have 
founded feveral villages. New entrances have been found 
to the Montana Reale, Pampas, or rather great territory 
of Colonna, fince the late miflions were eftablilhed. Pin¬ 
kerton's Geography, vol. iii. 
PAM'PEL, a town of the duchy of Courland : twenty- 
four miles fouth of Golcjingen. 
PAMPELLON NE, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Tarn : twelve miles north of Alby, and 
twenty-one north-eaft of Gaillac. 
PAMPELU'NA. See Pamflona. 
To PAM'PER, v.a. [from the Lat. pampinus, a young 
vine-branch, full of leaves, pampre, Fr. A vineyard is 
faid by the French pamprer, when it is overgrown with 
fuperfiuous leaves and fruitlefs branches. Junins.\ To 
glut; to fill with food ; to feed luxurioufly.—The goat, 
being fond of pampering upon the new Ihoots and leaves 
of the vine, was defervedly brought to the altar of Bac¬ 
chus as a devoted vidfim for injuring a plant fo dear to 
that god. Hence to eat with an avidity fimilar to that 
of the goat who feads and fattens upon the pampinus, has 
been exprefled not inelegantly by the verb to pamper. MS. 
Gleanings. 
You are more intemperate in your blood 
Than Venus, or thole pampered animals 
That rage in favage fenfuality. Shakefpeare. 
His lordfliip lolls within at eafe, 
Pamp'ring his paunch with foreign rarities. Dryden. 
To pamper'd infolence devoted fall 
Pride of the flock and choiceft of the ftall. Pope. 
PAM'PERED, adj. Over full : 
Fruit-trees over-woody reach’d too far 
Their pamper'd boughs. Milton's P.L. 
PAM'PERER, f. One that pampers. 
PAM'PERING, j. Luxuriancy.—It is an encourage¬ 
ment to fecurity, and a pampering in fin. Fulke againft 
Allen. 
PAMPHAR'MACON, or rather Panpharmacon,/. 
[from the Gr. na-v, all, and (px^ya.zo», a remedy.] A re¬ 
medy againft all manner of poifotis. 
PAMPHE'LIS, in ancient geography, a town of Alia 
Minor, on the confines of Pamphylia, near a mountain 
called Climon. Strabo fays, that it was a confiderable 
town, and that it had three ports and a lake. 
PAM'PHILUS, a celebrated painter of Macedonia, in 
the age of Philip. He was founder of the fchool for 
painting at Sicyon; and he made a law, which was ob- 
ferved not only in Sicyon, but all over Greece, that none 
but the children of noble and dignified perfons (hould be 
permitted to learn painting. See the article Painting, 
p. 210 of this volume. Apelles was one of his pupils._ 
PAM'PHILUS, an excellent prefbyter of Casfarea in 
Paleftine, and a martyr under the perfecution of Maxi¬ 
minus, in the early part of the fourth century, is gene¬ 
rally believed to have been a native of Berytus in Phoeni¬ 
cia, and a defeendant from a good and wealthy family. 
After 
