317 
PAN 
country; forty-two miles welt - north-welt ot Kaaje- 
gar, and fixty north of Ougein. Lat. 24. 14. N. Ion. 
f 6 . 6. E. 
PANCHiE'A, in ancient geography, an ifland of the 
ocean, upon the coaft of Arabia. According to Diodo¬ 
rus Siculus, it was inhabited by natives of the country, 
Indians, Cretans, and Scythians. In this ifland was a 
town called Pariara, whofe inhabitants, according to 
Diodorus, were Angularly happy. They had a temple of 
Jupiter Triphylian, of which this author details all forts 
of marvellous circumftances. The other three towns were 
Hiracia, Dabi, and Oceanis. But the exigence offuchan 
ifland is doubtful. 
PANCHAG'NT, f. An expiatory felf-infli£ted penance 
reforted t<? by Hindoo afcetics. The word means “ five 
fires 5” and the mode of the penance is for the devotee to 
look conftantly on the fun, with four other fires dole to 
him. Such devotees are called Tapafwi, and are defcribed 
in Hindoo books very circumftantially, but not, we may 
conclude, very faithfully, as “ handing, with uplifted arm, 
without aid or fupport, day and night, feeding on air, 
immoveable, on the right toe, on the affiifted earth,” &c. 
See Tapas. 
PANCHAMU'KI, a name of the Hindoo deity Siva, 
meaning “ five-faced,” he being fo reprefented and de¬ 
fcribed in pictures and books. When five-headed, he has 
ufually ten hands. 
PANCHAW', a town of Bengal: forty-three miles 
north-eaft of Doefa. Lat. 23. 30. N. Ion. 85. 38. E. 
PANCHBE'YA, a town of Bengal : twenty-feven miles 
eaft-foutheaft of Purneah. 
PANCHCOW'RYE, a town of Hindooftan, in Oude: 
twenty miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Bahraitch. 
PANCPIDOW'NA, a town of Bengal : twenty miles 
north-eaft of Dacca. 
PANCHGUR'RY, a town of Bengal: fifteen miles 
north-north-eaft of Calcutta. 
PANCHGUT'CHY, a town of Bengal: ten miles fouth 
of Oliapour. 
PANCHMOO'L, a town of Bengal : ten miles eaft of 
Rogonatpour. 
PANCHPAR', a mountain of Bengal, north of Noony. 
PANCHPA'R A, a town of Bengal: fifteen miles north- 
north-eaft of Bufl’unpour. 
PANCHPE'ER, a town of Bengal; eight miles fouth 
of Oliapour. 
PAN'CHREST, f. [from the Gr. 1:0.11, all, and 
ufeful.] A panacea, or remedy for all diftempers. 
PANCHRESTA'RIl, f Among the Romans, were 
thofe who prepared the panehrcft, or univerfal remedy. 
PAN'CHRUS, f. The name given by fome of the an¬ 
cient writers on natural Iliftory to a gem which they fay 
has all colours : probably the opal. 
_ PANCHYM'AGOGUE,/ [from the Gt.ttxs, all, j^aa;, 
juice, and ccynv, to draw off.] A purging extraft made 
from aloes, rhubarb, fenna, fcammony, jalap, agaric, co- 
loquintida, and black hellebore. Its name arifes hence ; 
that, being a compofition of all the kinds of purgatives, 
it was fuppofed to have the virtue of purging all the forts 
of humours from the body at once. 
PANCIAT'ICA, J. in botany, fo named by Picciuoli, 
author of the Hortus Panciatic.us, publifhed at Florence 
in 1783, in compliment to his patron the marquis Niccoio 
Panchiatichi, prefident of the Academy of the Georgofili, 
and owner of the garden. See Cadia. 
PANCIRO'LI (Guido), a very learned jurift and anti¬ 
quarian, fon of Alberto Panciroli, alfo an eminent law¬ 
yer, was born at Reggio in 1523. After he had acquired 
a proficiency in claflical literature in his native place, he 
went to Ferrara for the ftudy of jurifprudence. He fuc- 
cefiively purfued the fame ftudy at Pavia, at Bologna, and 
finally at Padua. In the latter univerlity his reputation 
ftood fo high, that in 1447, while yet a fcholar, he was 
chofen to the fecond extraordinary chair of the Inftitutes. 
Vol. XVIII. No. 1245. 
PAN 
/itrcr Having gnuiiuii^dj ho waa jjruniutcii in 1554 to llic 
firft chair of the fame, and in 1556 he was appointed to 
the fecond profefforfhip in ordinary of civil law. This 
poll he held till 1570, when he accepted an invitation 
from Emanuel Philibert, duke of Savoy, to occupy the 
chair of law at Turin, with a liberal falary. He conti¬ 
nued in that univerfity, till the air of the place had almoft 
deftroyed the fight of one eye and endangered the other; 
when, having with difficulty obtained his difmiflion, he 
returned in 1383 to Padua. The firft chair of civil law, 
with a ftipend of 1200 crowns, was there affigned to him ; 
and, notwithftanding the wifhes of popes Gregory XIV. 
and Clement VII. to obtain his profeffional fervices at 
Rome, he preferred the freedom and tranquillity of his 
fituation at Padua, where he died in 1599. He was au¬ 
thor of a number of learned works, o? which the princi¬ 
pal are as follow: 1. Commentarii in Nofitiam utriufque 
Imperii et de Magiftratibus. This was not only printed 
feparately, but alfo in the Roman Antiquities of Grsevius. 
2. De Numifmatibus antiquis. 3. De Quatuordecim 
Regionibus Urbis Roms. 4. Rerum Memorabilium jam 
olim deperditarum, et contra recens atque ingeiriofe in- 
ventaram, lib. ii. 5. A valuable treatife, which was not 
publifhed till the year 1637, entitled De Claris Legum 
Interpretibus. This, although .interfperfed with many 
popular errors, is confidered as highly ufeful in tracing 
the viciffitudes of jurifprudence, and contains a copious 
ftore of curious notices, extracted from the works of the 
old lawyers, and other authentic monuments. Upon the 
whole this author difplays more erudition than judgment 
or fcientific knowledge. He alfo left behind him feveral 
works in manufeript, which have not yet feen the light. 
Gen. Blog. 
PAN'CLA, a mountain of Thibet. Lat. 29.22. N. Ion. 
87. 14. E. 
PAN'CO POI'NT, a cape on the north coaft of Java. 
Lat. 6.48. S, Ion. 112.44. E. 
PANCO'CA, a town of Peru, in the diocefe of La 
Plata : thirty miles fouth of Potoii. 
PANCOR'VO, a town of Spain, in Old Caftile, near 
fome mountains called Pennas de Pancorvo : four miles 
weft of Mirando de Ebro. 
PANCO'VIA, J. [fo named by Willdenow, in memory 
of Thomas Pancovius, a Berlin botanift, who died in 16G5 
at the age of 43, having publiftied, in 1654, a quarto vo¬ 
lume entitled Herbarium portatile, with 1363 wooden 
cuts, which has fince been re-publifiied.] In botany, a 
genus of theclafs hepfar.dria, order monogynia, natural 
order lamentaces, Linn, (leguminofs, Jvff.) Generic 
characters—Calyx: perianthium of one leaf, bell-fhaped, 
inferior, in four deep, ovate, rather unequal, legments. 
Corolla : petals four, rather fmalier than the calyx, hooded, 
toothed, plaited, and crifped, their claws inferted into 
the receptacle, at the bafe of each fegment of the calyx. 
Stamina: filaments feven, awl-fliaped, afeending, hairy 
half-way up, inferted into the receptacle between the 
two longer fegments of the calyx, and twice their length ; 
antnerae oblong, incumbent. Piftillum : not obferved by 
Willdenow, whofound in place of it a glandular depreffed 
body. Ifert, who difeoverea the plant, noted a folitary 
piftil. Pericarpium and feeds unknown.— Effential Cha¬ 
racter. Calyx bell-ffiaped, in four deep fegments. Petals 
four, hooded, plaited, crifped, and toothed; with claws. 
Stamens attending, longer than the calyx. 
Pancovia bijuga, a fingle fpecies. Native of Guinea. 
A tree with round branches; the young ones clothed 
with rufty down. Leaves alternate, abruptly pinnate, of 
two pair of ftalked, coriaceous, elliptical, entire, fmooth, 
veiny leaflets, each terminating in an elongated blunt 
point. Flowers downy, or. downy ftalks ; braCtes ovate, 
obtufe, denfeiy downy, Ihorter than the flower-ftalks. 
PAN'CRAS, an extenfive parilh in Middlefex, fituated 
north of London, commencing about one mile from 
Flolborn Bars. It not only includes one-third of the 
4 M hamlet 
