322 
PANCR 
Sloane and Martyn, and that of Commelin, which, ac¬ 
cording to him, does not belong to this fpecies. Miller’s 
plant does not feem to be the fame with Mr. Salifbury’s, 
and confequently not Martyn’s, which is undoubtedly 
the fame with Miller’s. Linn. Tranf. ii. 72. 
4. Pancratium maritimum, or fea-pancratium : fpathe 
many-flowered, petals flat, leaves tongue-fnaped. This 
lias a large coated bulbous root, three inches in diameter, 
of an oblong form, covered with a dark fkin. The leaves 
are fhaped like a tongue ; they are more than a foot long, 
and one inch broad, of a deep green, fix or feven of them 
riling together from the fame root, encompafled at bottom 
with a Iheath ; between thefe arifes the (talk, which is a 
foot and a half long, naked, fultaining at the top fix or 
eight white flowers, inclofed in a Iheath, which withers 
and opens on the fide, to make way for the flowers to 
come out. The germs are fituated clofe to the top of the 
ftalk ; from thefe arife the tubes of the flowers, which are 
three inches long : they are very narrow, fwelling at the 
top, where the cup or nedtarium is fituated, on the outfide 
of which are faftened the fix fegments or petals of the 
flower; thefe are narrow, and extend a great length be¬ 
yond the nedlariutn; from the border of the nedlariutn 
arife fix long (lender (lamina, terminated by oblong fum- 
mits, which are proftrate; and in the centre arifes a ilyle 
the length of the (lamina, terminated by an obtufe (ligma. 
Mr. Miller, in his figures, has added fome particulars. 
The root refembles that of the fquill, but is lefs, covered 
with a brown (kin, and white within; the coats pellucid 
and gently (Iriped, vifcid or full of a clammy juice, bitter 
to the fade witiiout acrimony. Cavanilles remarks, that 
the leaves are too broad in Miller’s figure, as they might 
well be in a garden-fpecimen ; that Clufms’s fmall figure 
obferves the proportion of the parts ; but that his own is 
in due fize and proportion both. He informs us alfo from 
Clufius, that this plant very feldom flowers when it is 
removed from its native foil, and then only when the 
flower is formed in the bulb. 
Mr. Salifoury makes not only the P. maritimum of 
Linnaeus and Cavanilles (whofe figure he condemns) 
fynonymous with maritimum ; but alfo the Carolinianum 
of Linnaeus, and the verecundum of the Kew Catalogue. 
He defcribes it as a plant a foot and half in height. 
Leaves fix or feven, bifarious, (heathing at the bafe, from 
upright fpreading, more or lefs twilled, linear, quite 
entire, blunt, fmooth on both fides with a glaucous tinge, 
a little (Iriated, flattilh, flefliy. Flowers fweet, from fix 
to ten in a bunch. Peduncle (or fcape) pale glaucous, 
from one fide among the leaves, eredl, comprefled, blunt 
not ancipital, even. Germ pedicelled,oval, three-cornered. 
Tube of the corolla pale-green, cylindrical, angular at 
top : border fnow-white, a little (horter than the tube. 
Mr. Salifbury remarks, that it feldom flowers wdien cul¬ 
tivated, which agrees with what was obferved above by 
Cavanilles from Clufius. He gathered it on the fandy 
coalt below Montpellier in 1786. This, if any, is the 
true wau'y.pajiov of Diofcorides. It is a native of the fouth 
of Europe in general; as in Spain about Valencia, &c. on 
the coall ; found by Clufius near Montpellier; by Ray 
near Naples and in Sicily. Cultivated in 1629, by Mr. 
John Parkinfon. 
5. Pancratium declinatum, or broad-leaved pancratium : 
fpathe many-flowered, fcape comprefled ancipital, feg¬ 
ments of the corollas a little longer than the tube. Leaves 
tongue-ftiaped, (harp at both ends, quite entire, fhining, 
eredt, three feet long, three or four inches wide. Scape 
the length of the leaves, very much comprefled, ancipital, 
an inch and a half wide, green; the whole always prof¬ 
trate. Spathe twelve-flowered or thereabouts : flowers 
fweet, white, fefiile, almoft half a foot in diameter. 
Mr. Salifbury, dilliking Jacquin’s trivial name, becaufe 
feveral other fpecies have a declinate fcape, when in fruit; 
and alfo the younger Linnaeus's, of excifum; has given 
this fpecies the name of amccnum , and refers Commelin’s 
figure in t. 87. to this, which Linnaeus applied to his 
ATIU M. 
caribceum. According to him, the plant is two feet high. 
Leaves nine to twelve, green, bifarious, (heathing at the 
bafe, recurved, lanceolate, quite entire, bluntifli, fmooth 
on both fides, finely (Ireaked, channelled, keeled at the 
bafe, flefliy. Flowers fragrant, from ten to fifteen in a 
bunch. Peduncle (or fcape) pale glaucous, among the 
inner leaves, a little (horter, at firft upright, but after 
flowering bent down, very much comprefled and ancipital, 
fmooth with a bloom, a little (Ireaked, folid. Probably a 
native of Cayenne. Cultivated in gardens at Martinico. 
6. Pancratium Carolinianum, or Carolina pancratium : 
fpathe many-flowered, leaves linear, (lamens the length of 
the nedlary. This has a roundifli bulbous root, covered 
with a light-brown (kin, from which arife feveral narrow 
dark-green leaves, about a foot long : among thefe comes 
out a thick ftalk (fcape) about nine inches high, fuftain- 
ing fix or feven white flowers, with very narrow petals, 
having large bell-fliaped nedlariums or cups deeply in¬ 
dented on their brims. The (lamens do not rife far 
above the nedlarium. Catefby- difcovered it in rnoilt 
boggy foils in Georgia. Native of Jamaica and Carolina. 
Cultivated in 1759, by Mr. Miller. According to Mr. 
Salifbury, this is not different from maritimum. 
7. Pancratium Illyricum, or Illyrian pancratium: fpathe 
many-flowered, leaves enliforrn, (lamens longer than the 
nedlary. This has a large bulb, covered with a dark (kin, 
fending out many thick (trong fibres, (Irikingdeep in the 
ground. Leaves a foot and a half long, and two inches 
broad, of a greyifli colour. Scapes thick, fucculent, near 
two feet high. Flowers from feven to fifteen in a bunch, 
white, fweet, fhaped like thole of maritimum, but with a 
(horter tube, and much longer (lamens. It flowers in 
June, and frequently produces feeds, which ripen in Sep¬ 
tember. Linnaeus obferves, that the leaves are the fame 
fize with thofe of the fnow-drop. Native of the fouth of 
Europe. Cultivated in 1615, by Mr. John Parkinfon. 
Mr. Miller fays, it grows naturally in Sclavonia and Sicily. 
According to Mr. Salifbury, Linnaeus confounded this 
with another fpecies, which Jacquin has named littorale. 
Mr. S. names it Jidlare, and applies the fynonyms of 
Miller in his figures and of Clufius which are given to 
maritimum, and of Seba which is attributed to illyricum. 
It grows wild on the fandy coall of the Ifle of Rhe near 
Rochelle, according to Morifon. It leafs in April, flowers 
in June, and the leaves wither at the end of Auguft. 
8. Pancratium littorale, or tall pancratium: fpathe 
many-flowered, leaves lanceolate-linear bifarious, feg¬ 
ments of thecorolla linear, (horter than the tube ; nedtary 
almoft linear; bulb the fize of the lift; leaves enfiform, 
quite entire, acute, fhining, fpreading, deep-green, three 
or four feet long, fcarcely an inch and a half in breadth, 
imbricate at the bafe and dillich, embracing each other. 
Scape two to three feet high, very much comprefled, an 
inch wide on one fide, fhining, green with a glaucous 
bloom, erefl, or fometimes declining. Spathe ten-flowered 
or thereabouts: flowers feven to ten in a bunch, hand- 
fome, fpreading, fefiile at the top of the fcape, having an 
agreeable aromatic odour. Found abundantly on the 
fandy coaft of the ifland of Tierra Bomba near Carthagena, 
by Nic. Jof. Jacquin. In the Species Plantarum it is con¬ 
founded with the illyricum, and hence has fometimes gone 
under that name. 
9. Panoratium verecundum, or narciflus-leaved pan¬ 
cratium: fpathe many-flowered, leaves linear, fegments 
of the corolla lanceolate, (horter than the tube; the finufes 
of the fegments of the nedtary ftaminiferous. Leaves a 
foot and a half long, half an inch wide. Scape eredt, 
comprefled, a foot high. Spathes oblong-lanceolate, acu¬ 
minate, whitifh, (hrivelling; the outer larger, an inch and 
a half in length. Flowers fragrant, on three-cornered 
pedicels, fcarcely half an inch long. Native of the Ealt 
Indies. Cultivated in 1776, by Mrs. Theobald. It 
flow’ers from June to Auguft. 
10. Pancratium Amboinenfe, or Amboyna pancratium : 
fpathe many-flowered, leaves ovate nerved petioled. Bulb 
oblong 
