326 PAN 
parts of Africa, which bears a fort of bread-fruit, It 
differs alfo from the bread-tree found in Otaheite as al¬ 
ready noticed. The Pandanus of the Coromandel coaft, 
and of the Ifle of France, where it thrives in fome degree, 
never attains the height of this fpecies ; nor is the 
fize of the fruit, though large, to be compared with it. 
Tt is called larum, or leram, by the natives ; cadhi by the 
Arabs ; and cetaca by the Indians. The flowers are cele¬ 
brated in Sanfcrit, by poets for their colour or fcent, and 
by phyficians for their medical virtues. Afiatic Refearches, 
vol. iii. 
PAN'DARISM, f. [from pander, which ought to be 
written pandar. See Pander.] The employment of a 
pimp or pandar. Sherwood. —I need not tell you of 
bloody Turks, man-eating cannibals, Patavian pandarifm 
of their own daughters, or of miferable Indians idola- 
troufly adoring their devilifh pagodes. Bp. Hall's Charac¬ 
ter of Man. 
To PAN'DARIZE, v. n. To aft the part of a pimp or 
pandar. 
PAN'DAROUS, adj. Pimping ; afting in the charac¬ 
ter of a bawd or pandar : 
I know that face to be a ftrumpet’s : 
I faw her once before here, five days fince ’tis ; 
And the fame wary pandarous diligence 
Was then beftowed on her. Middleton's Witch. 
PAN'DARUS, a native of Crete, puniffi^d with death 
for being acceffary to the theft of Tantalus. What this 
theft was is unknown. Some, however, fuppofe that 
Tantalus ftole the ambrofia and the neftar from the ta¬ 
bles of the gods, to which he had been admitted, or that 
lie carried away a dog which watched Jupiter’s temple in 
Crete, in which crime Pandarus was concerned, and for 
which he buffered. Pandarus had two daughters, Camiro 
and Clytia, who were alfo deprived of their mother by a 
fudden death, and left without friends or proteitors. 
Venus had compaflion upon them and fhe fed them with 
milk, honey, and wine : fhe wiflied to make their happi- 
nefs more complete; and, when they were come to nu¬ 
bile years, fhe prayed Jupiter to grant them kind and 
tender hufbands. But in her abfence the Harpies car¬ 
ried away the virgins, and delivered them to the Eume- 
nides to fhare the puniflunent which their father buffered. 
Pindar. 
PAN'DARUS, a fon of Lycaon, who affifted the Tro¬ 
jans in their war againft the Greeks. He went to the war 
without a chariot, and therefore he generally fought on 
foot. He broke the truce which had been agreed upon 
between the Greeks and Trojans, and wounded Menelaus 
and Diomedes, and fliowed himfelf brave and unufually 
courageous. He was at laft killed by Diomedes ; and 
./Eneas, who then carried him in his chariot, by attempt¬ 
ing to revenge his death, nearly perifhed by the hand of 
the furious enemy. Didys Cret. ii. 35. Homer's II. ii. v. 
Virg. JEn. v. 
PANDATA'RIA. See Ventotiene. 
PANDE'ANS, [from Pan.'] A title given to itinerant 
companies of Italian muficians, who perform on the fy- 
rinx or Pan’s pipes of different pitches with their mouths, 
and accompany themfelves on different inftruments with 
their hands and feet. The low'eft fet of reeds (the feptem 
difcrimina vocum of Virgil ) is called the contra-baffo, or 
double-bafe ; the next fagotto, or balloon ; the third fep- 
tenary is the tenor, or fecond treble ; and the fourth, or 
liigheft range of pipes, the firft treble ; fo that in the ag¬ 
gregate there is a complete fcale of four oftaves, and they 
can play in three or four parts. The inftruments with 
which they accompany themfelves with their hands are 
the cymbals, the triangle, the double drum beat at both 
ends, the mezza luna, a Turkifh inftrument, and the 
tambour de bafque. 
The reeds or pipes are fattened under the chin of the 
performer, and the lip of the player runs from one to the 
other with feeming facility, without moving the inftru- 
P A N 
ment by manual afliftance : (Et fupracalamos unco percur- 
rere labro, Lucretius.) The mufic which thefe people 
performis very gay and pleafing. A company of them 
was introduced at Vauxhall-gardens a few years ago ; and 
fince that they are common enough in the ftreets of Lon¬ 
don. It is to be obferved, that fome of the performers, 
particularly the firft treble, have more than feven pipes, 
which enables them to extend the melody beyond the fep- 
tenary. 
PAN'DECT, f \ipandeda, Lat.] A treatife that com¬ 
prehends the whole of any fcience.—It were to be wifhed, 
that the commons would form a panded of their power 
and privileges, to be confirmed by the entire legislative 
authority. Swift. 
Thus thou, by means the ancients never took, 
A panded mak’ft, and univerfal book. Donne. 
Pandects, the digeft, or colleftion, made by Juftinian’s 
order, of 534 decifions or judgments of the ancient law¬ 
yers, on fo many queftions occurring in the civil law 5 
to which that emperor gave the force and authority of 
law by an epiftle prefixed to them. See the article Law, 
vol. xii. p. 364. 
The word is Greek, ; compounded of was, 
all, and ^e^opai, I take; q.d. a compilation, or a book 
containing all things. The Pandefts confift of fifty books; 
and they were originally denoted by two irw ; but, the 
copyifts taking thofe ww for^,the cultom arofe of quoting 
them byff. 
When the monuments of ancient Rome were neglefted 
or deftroyed by the envy or ignorance of the Greeks, the 
Pandefts themfelves efcaped with difficulty and danger 
from the common wreck; and in the year 1137, a copy 
of them, which had been bought by an Amalfitan mer¬ 
chant from the eaft, fell into the hands of the Pifans. 
Angelus Politianus believes this copy to be that which 
had been compiled by order of the emperor. However 
that be, it is certain that all other copies are taken from 
it, as being the moft ancient. The purchafers carried the 
volumes to Pifa, and for near three centuries they were 
known by the name of the Pandedoe Pifana. But, about 
the year 1416, Pifa being taken by the Florentines, they 
were tranfported from thence to Florence, where they 
are now preferved in the library of the Medici, and known 
by the name of the Pandedoe Florentines. They confift 
of two quarto volumes, with large margins, on a thin 
parchment; but the Latin charafters betray the hand of a 
Greek feribe. 
PANDEM'IC, adj. [wav, and the people.] Inci¬ 
dent to a whole people.—Thofe inftances bring a con- 
fumption, under the notion of a pandemic, or endemic, 
or rather vernacular, dileafe to England. 'Harvey on Con- 
fumptions. 
PANDE'MON,/ [Greek.] In antiquity, the fame with 
the feftival Chalceia and Athenasa. It was fo called from 
the great concourfe of “ people” that ufed to meet at this 
folemnity. 
PANDE'MUS, one of the furnames of the god of love, 
among the Egyptians and the Greeks, who diftinguifhed 
two Cupids, one of whom was the vulgar called Pande- 
mus,andanotherof apurerandmoreceleltialorigin. Plat, 
in Erot. 
PAN'DER,/. [from Pandarus, the pimp in the ftory 
of Troilusand Creffida; it was therefore originally writ¬ 
ten, pandar, till its etymology was forgotten. See Pan- 
darism.] A pimp ; a male bawd ; a procurer; an agent 
for the luft or ill defigns of another.—If ever you prove 
falfe to one another, fince I have taken fuch pains to 
bring you together, let all pitiful goers-between be 
called panders after my name. Shakefpearc's Troilus and 
Crejfula. 
Let him with his cap in hand, 
Like a bafe pander, hold the chamber-door 
Whilft by a flave 
His daughter is contaminated. Shahefpeare. 
The 
