PAN I 
length, four lines in width, acuminate, even, fmooth, 
(bmetimes thinly haired below, loofe, prominent under¬ 
neath into a (harp midrib, fometimes flat, fometimes con¬ 
verging, cartilaginous, toothed at the edges, only to be 
difcerned by themagnifier. Panicle fpreading very much, 
filiform, branched, wide. Flowers fcattered, folitary, on 
capillary pedicels, which are commonly prefl'ed l'o clofe to 
the branchlets of the panicle as not to be difcerned, fo 
that the flowers appear to be feflile. Corolla whiti(h, pel¬ 
lucid, obtufe, nearly the fize of the calyx ; filaments 
white, purple at the tip ; antherae twin, oblong, yellow ; 
ffigmas feathered, purple. The feeds were lent from St. 
Domingo, It was introduced here as a native of Egypt 
in 1771, by Monf. Richard; and flowers in July and 
Auguft. 
46. Panicum repens, or creeping panic-grafs s panicle 
rod-like, leaves divaricating. This is allied to the pre¬ 
ceding, Culms creeping, a foot high, afcending. Lower 
leaves wider, covering the Hem all over with their (heaths; 
fpreading fo much, that they are almoft divaricate and 
reflex, mucronate ; the (heaths fubpubefcent: the upper 
leaves are narrower, longer, ereft. It is an annual grafs, 
cultivated in the Eaft Indies. It was introduced in 1777, 
by Patrick Ruflel, M. D. and flowers from July to 
September. 
47. Panicum Ifchaemoides, or white panic-grafs : pani¬ 
cle ereft contrafted, calyxes two-flowered polygamous 
acute, culm Ample, leaves diftich rigid. Culms upright, 
quite Ample, leafy. Leaves fpreading, with the (heaths 
tomentofe at the edge. The whole grafs is whitifh, and 
is taller than the other panics. It is very common in 
Malabar, on the borders of ponds : found by Koenig. 
48. Panicum remotum, or diftant panic-grafs : branches 
of the panicle three-fided, florets fubgeminate one pedi- 
cclled, culm branched four-cornered comprefl'ed. Culms 
two feet high and more, (lender, four-cornered com- 
prefled, branching. Leaves linear, from four to fix inches 
long, narrow, naked. Koenig fent this from Tranquebar. 
49. Panicum ariftatum, or awned panic-grafs: culm 
creeping rooting, branches of the panicle undivided, 
florets in pairs feflile awned. Culm branched, creeping 
far and wide, putting out long and very Ample fibres at 
the joints, thence rifling ftraight, pubefcent above the 
leaves, which are lanceolate, naked, and fliort. Wenner- 
berg brought this from China. 
50. Panicum miliaceum, or millet : panicle loofe 
flaccid, (heaths of the leaves rough-haired, glumes mucro¬ 
nate nerved. Common millet rifles with a reed-like chan¬ 
nelled (talk, from three to four feet high : at every joint 
there is one reed-like leaf, joined on the top of the (heath, 
which embraces and covers that joint of the (talk below 
the leaf, and is clothed with foft hairs; the leaf has none, 
but has feveral (mail longitudinal furrows running paral¬ 
lel to the midrib. The Italic is terminated by a large 
loofe panicle, hanging on one fide. Loureiro defcribes 
the culm as annual; upright, thick, fomevvhat comprefl'ed 
and flexuofe, hollow, jointed, branched. Leaves awl- 
(haped, largilh, hairy, flat, reflex. Native of the Eaft: In¬ 
dies, and China. In thofe countries, as alfo in the fouth 
of Europe, it is cultivated as an efculent grain. It varies 
in the colour of the feed. 
( 3 . P. attenuatum, has the panicle attenuated, the culm 
upright, the leaves lanceolate, the (heaths even and 
fmooth. Gerard, in his Herball, (1597,) (ays, “ I have 
of it yearly in my garden.” 
Miller mentions two varieties, one with white, the 
other with black, feeds, but not differing in any other par¬ 
ticular. He has alfo another fpecies, which he names 
Milium fparfum. It was found at VeraCruz by Houftoun, 
who called it M. panicula ampla ereda J’parfa. It has a 
more (lender (talk than common millet, about three feet 
high. The fiieaths have no hairs, but are channelled. 
The leaves are (liorter; the panicle (lands ereft, and the 
chaff has (liorter awns or beards, 
ioureiro mentions a variety with brownifli ordulky 
CUM. 335 
red feeds. Retzius defcribes the variety with black 
feeds (Milium femine nigro. Bauh. Pin. 26. and Mor, 
Hill. iii. 196. t. 5. f. 2.) Culm round, jointed almolt up¬ 
right, branched. Leaves a foot long, half an inch wide, 
hairy, with hifpid (heaths: no ligule, but inftead of it 
widifli bridles. Flowers on each pedicel commonly two, 
fometimes one or three, pedicelled; fometimes, but very 
feldom, one feflile; corolla globular, hyaline ; feed brown¬ 
ifli-black. 
51. Panicum antidotale, or medicinal panic-grafs: pani¬ 
cle nodding, calyxes two-flowered polygamous acute; 
culm ere< 5 l, very much branched. Root perennial, ftoloni- 
ferous. Culms eight feet high and more, ereft, branching 
very much. Leaves round at the edge, and on the larger 
nerves ; edges of the fiieaths bearded with bundles of 
whitifh hairs like fringes. Panicle a foot long, branching 
very much. Pedicels two-flowered, fo that one flower is 
fubfeflile on the pedicel of the other. Florets copious, 
green, round, acuminate ; hermaphrodite floret two-pe- 
talled. Cultivated in Malabar, where it never produced 
feed, but is increafed by offsets or runners ; whence 
Koenig fuppofes it not to be a native, but to have been 
introduced from fome other parts. The natives there ufe 
it, particularly in ulcers of the nofe, and as a difcutient 
in other cafes, either Amply bruifed, or made into a cata- 
plafm by boiling, as Koenig reports. 
52. Panicum notatum, or black-fpotted panic-grafs: 
panicle fpreading, axils marked, leaves lanceolate ciliate. 
This is a tall grafs, with a (lender culm and black knots. 
Leaves acuminate, very (lightly hairy, five inches long, 
and three quarters of an inch wide. Panicle almoft afoot 
long, with long branches fpreading at an acute angle and 
rugged, fpotted with black in the axils. Flowers fcattered, 
folitary or in pairs, pedicelled, oblong, acute, fmall; the 
two inner glumes of the calyx equal, purple ; the accef- 
fory valve a little (liorter, whitifh ; all lanceolate. Corolla 
of the fame length and (liape with the calyx. Wenner- 
berg gathered it in Sumatra. 
53. Panicum muricatum, or muricated panic-grafs: 
panicle fpreading, flowers folitary muricated, culm root¬ 
ing, afcending. Height a foot and a half. Culm filiform, 
decumbent at the bale, rooting here and there. Leaves 
(hort, perfeftly lanceolate, with white fcattered hairs. 
Native of the Eaft Indies; fent by Koenig. 
54. Panicum capillare, or capillary panic-grafs : panicle 
capillary ereft fpreading, peduncles drift, calyxes acumi¬ 
nate even, fiieaths of the leaves very hirfute. This grafs 
refembles Poa capillaris, but is entirely hirfute. It is three 
feet high, with a panicle more than a foot long, the pe¬ 
duncles and pedicels (tiffand ftraight. Native of Virgi¬ 
nia and Jamaica. Cultivated in 1758, by Mr. Miller. It 
is an annual grafs 5 and flowers from June to Auguft. 
55. Panicum flexuofum, or flexuofe panic-grafs : panicle 
capillary fpreading, peduncles flexuofe, calyxes ovate, 
beard of the joints reflex. This has been confounded 
with the preceding. It is about a foot in height; culms 
decumbent, branched, (lightly hairy. Leaves two inches 
long, narrow, hairy as are alfo the (heaths. Panicle fcarcely 
three inches long, the whole of an ovate form, with the 
pedicels remarkably flexuofe. Native of the Eaft Indies. 
( 3 . P. totum glabrum. Retzius mentions a variety that 
is wholly fmooth, found by Koenig every-where in the 
rice-fields. 
56. Panicum groflarium : branches of the panicle Am¬ 
ple, flowers in pairs with one of the pedicels very (hort, 
the other the length of the flow'er. Culm Ample or 
branched, two feet high and more. Leaves enfiform, 
with ciliate (heaths. Native of Jamaica and Japan. 
57. Panicum maximum, large panic-grafs, or guinea- 
grals : panicle compound capillary fpreading, branches 
racemed, knots of the joints and (heaths hirfute at the 
bafe. This is very nearly allied to P. groflarium. Root 
creeping, perennial; culms from five to ten feet high, up¬ 
right, Ample, even. Leaves lanceolate, towards the top 
convolute and (harp, fmooth, except at the edge, which i« 
