P A N 
SiO 
which they found in it. It may be about eight or nine 
miles in circumference. It bears wheat, and grapes from 
which the inhabitants make wine. Pannaria, like the 
other adjacent iflands, appears to be a volcano ; its origi¬ 
nal having been deftroyed by continued eruptions. It is 
now no longer of a conical figure. It contains about 
100 inhabitants, reckoning every foul, men, women, and 
children. It is, like Stromboli, governed by a curate, 
who depends on the prieft of the parilh of St. Jofeph in 
Lipari; and, when any couple in the ifland determine to 
marry, they mult crofs the fea to Lipari to receive the nup¬ 
tial benedidlion in the parilh of St. Jofeph, or pay a fum 
for a licence to empower the curate of Pannaria to perform 
the ceremony. All the other adjoining iflands are fubjedl 
to the fame regulation. 
The inhabitants of Pannaria live by fifiiing, and by 
taking fmall quantities of game on this and the little con¬ 
tiguous iflands. They bring up and tame thole birds 
known by the name of gulls, which are feen in tem- 
peftuous weather flying near tne furface of the fea: they 
are here called corracio: they have their nefts on the fteep 
inacceflible cliftVof the feveral iflands. When the iflanders 
bring thefe birds up tame, they feed them with fifh, which, 
though of fuch fize you would think it impoflible for their 
flomachs to receive them, they eagerly ftretch their necks 
and fwallow rapacioufly. Thefe birds are thus brought 
up to be as tame as pullets or pigeons ; and fuch an at¬ 
tachment do they often acquire to the places in which 
they are reared, that fome of them have been known to 
return to thefe iflands after being conveyed to Mellazzo 
and Medina. See the article Larus. 
On the fummit of a hill in this ifland, which projefts 
over the fea, the inhabitants pretend to fliow a caftle and 
an infcription. But their caftle is only an elevated peak 
of the rock, which nature feems to have prepared as a re¬ 
treat for birds. It confifts of puzzolana ; and has been 
actually formed by the aftion of winds and rains, for a 
long courfe of time, into a fantaftic figure, which may ap¬ 
pear, when carelefsly viewed from a diftance by an undif- 
tinguifhing eye, the remains of fome ancient ftrufture. 
The good people of the ifland, not being able to judge 
of it other-wife than from appearance, are perfuaded, that 
it can be nothing but a caftle, which muft have been 
reared for the defence of the ifland againft the Turks and 
the corfairs of Barbary. Thefe they confider as the moll 
dreadful fcourge with which mankind can poflibly be af¬ 
flicted, and fear them much more than the eruptions of 
the volcano. When they feel their ifland fliaken, they 
embark with all their W'ealth, which a Angle floop eafily 
contains ; and on-board they are fafe from both the 
fhaking of the earth and the eruptions of the lava. 
In this ifland there appear various remains of ancient 
buildings, but very ruinous and very fcanty. In plough¬ 
ing the fields, many remains of fepulchres, in different 
modes of conflruCtion, are found; fome of rough ltones, 
tiles, or bricks ; others confifting each of a Angle Hone. 
Vafes of various forts and fizes are alfo laid to have been 
found in the fame fields; utenfils of different kinds, mo¬ 
ney, chains, and medals of lead. In places along the 
fnore of the ifland, where the fea appears to have en¬ 
croached, there are fome hewn ftones to be feen : they 
feem to be remains of walls, which muft have been very 
ftrong and of elegant architedlure. In other places far¬ 
ther diltant from the fhore, there likewnfe appear frag¬ 
ments of walls lunk in the ground, and apparently over¬ 
whelmed with mud, which the winds and rains have 
brought down from the mountain above. Thefe remains 
lhow, that Pannaria, either under the Greeks, or in that 
period when all the elements were taxed for the gratifica¬ 
tion of Roman luxury, muft have been adorned with fu- 
perb buildings, as well as the adjacent iflands of Lipari, 
Stromboli, and Baliluzzo. 
PAN'NE, a river of America, which runs into the 
y/abafh in lat. 40. 22. N. Ion. 86. 36. W. 
4 
PAN 
PAN'NEL, f. [panned, Dutch ; paneau, Fr.] A kind 
of ruftic faddle : 
A pannel and wanty, pack-faddle and ped, 
With line to fetch litter, and halters for lied. Tuffer. 
His ftrutting ribs on both fides fhow’d, 
Like furrows he himfelf had plow’d; 
For underneath the fkirt of pannel, 
’Twixt every two there was a channel. Hudibras. 
Pannel, in falconry, the ftomach of a hawk. 
Ainfworth. 
Pannel, in law. See Panel. 
Pannels, in military affairs, are the carriages which 
carry mortars and their beds upon a march. James's 
Milit. Diet. 
PAN'NEL A, (Old,) a town of Hindooftan,in Vifiapoqr : 
twelve miles eaft of Merritch. 
PAN'NELA, (New,) a town of Hindooftan, in the 
country of Vifiapour : twenty-two miles weft of Merritch, 
twenty-nine fouth of Currer. Lat. 17. 3. N. Ion. 74. 
58. E. 
PANNELLA'TION, f. [from panel.'] Adi of empannel- 
ling a jury.—They in the faid pannellation did put Rich. 
Wotton, and other privileged perfons, which were not 
wmnt anciently to be impannelled. A. Wood's Ann. 
Univ. Ox. 
PANNERBA'RY, a town of Bengal: eight miles north- 
eaft of Goragot. 
PAN'NI, a town of Naples, in Capitanata : nine miles 
fouth of Troja. 
PAN'NIC, or Pan'nicle, f. A plant. See Panicum. 
•—The pannicle is a plant of the millet kind, differing 
from that by the difpofition of the flowers and feeds, 
which, of this, grow in a clofe thick fpike : it is fowed in 
feveral parts of Europe, in the fields, as corn for the fuf- 
tenance of the inhabitants ; it is frequently ufed in par¬ 
ticular places of Germany to make bread. Miller. —Sep¬ 
tember is drawn with a chearful countenance ; in his left 
hand a handful of millets, oats, and pannicle. Peacham. — 
Pannicli affords a foft demulcent nourifhment. Arbutknot. 
PAN'NIER, f. [panier , Fr. probably from pain , bread, 
as having been originally ufed to carry bread and other 
provifions.] A bafket: a wicker veflel, in which fruit, or 
other things, are carried on a horfe.—We have refolved 
to take away their whole club in a pair of panniers, and im- 
prifon them in a cupboard. Addifon. 
Theworthlefs brute 
Now turns a mill, or drags a loaded life 
Beneath two panniers and a baker’s wife. Dn/den. 
PAN'NIER-MAN,/. [in the inns of court.] One who 
calls the gentlemen to dinner and fupper ; and provides 
muftard, pepper, and vinegar, for the hall. 
PAN'NIKEL, f. [pannicula , Ital. pannicle, Fr.] The 
brain-pan ; the fkull. Obfolete. 
To him he turned, and with rigour fell 
Smote him fo rudely on the panmkell, 
That to the chin he cleft his head in twaine. Spenfer. 
PAN'NIPUT, a town of Hindooftan, in the country of 
Delhi. In a plain near this town a battle was fought, be¬ 
tween Abdallah king of Candahar and the Mahrattas, in 
the year 1761. It was one of the moft bloody battles ever 
fought in Hindooftan ; the army- of Abdallah amounted 
to 150,000, that of the Mahrattas was not lefs than 
200,000 ; the carnage was dreadful, and the number of 
Mahratta prifoners almoll incredible. They loft the 
flower of their army, and their power from that period de¬ 
clined : fifty miles north-well of Delhi. Lat. 29. 25. N. 
Ion. 77. 10. E. 
PAN'NONA, in ancient geography, a town fituated 
in the interior of the ifle of Crete, between Gortyna and 
Gnofius. Ptolemy. 
PANNO'NIA, a large province of Europe, which was 
known 
