PAP 
mark or number, fubjefts to a forfeiture of iool. and 
counterfeiting or forging any (lamp or feal for making 
the impreffion, incurs a forfeiture of 500I. and any perfon 
who (hall fell paper with fuch counterfeit (lamp, knowing 
the fame, (hall forfeit 50I. By 34Geo. III. c. 20. the im¬ 
portation of books for fale, firft printed in this kingdom, 
and reprinted in any other, incurs forfeiture of the fame, 
and alfo 10I. and double the value of fuch book 5 pro¬ 
vided this (hall not extend to any book that has not been 
printed or reprinted in this kingdom within twenty years 
before the fame (hall be imported, Sec. 
Every maker of paper or pafteboard, and every paper- 
flainer, (hall take out a licenfe from the office of excife, 
annually, for which he (hall pay 2I. on pain of forfeiting 
2cl. (24 Geo. III. c. 41. 43 Geo. III. c. 69. fched. A.) 
All brown paper, made of old ropes or cordage only, 
without feparating or extracting the pitch or tar from 
them, and without any mixture of other materials, ffiall 
be deemed paper of the J'econd clafs or denomination, and 
be chargeable with the duty accordingly; and all other 
paper whatever (glazed paper for clothiers and hot-prefl'ers 
excepted) ffiall be deemed to be of the JirJi clafs or de¬ 
nomination. (42 Geo. III. c. 94.) No paper ffiall be 
painted or ftained for hanging, except that for which the 
duty on paper of the firft clafs hath been charged, duly 
(lamped, &c. (41 Geo. III. c. 8.) Nor is the maker to 
diminiffi any paper before it be charged, under the penalty 
of 50I. and alfo fuch paper. Pafteboard is to be made of 
paper charged, and unufed for any other purpofe, on pain 
of iool. together with forfeiture of the fame, and utenfils, 
Sec. employed in making it. (42 Geo. III. c. 94.) By the 
fame aft, the maker of pafteboard ffiall produce to the 
officers all fuch paper as he intends to ufe for pafteboard, 
duly wrapped and (lamped, after twenty-four hours’ pre¬ 
vious notice, on pain of iool. nor (hall any maker of pafte¬ 
board be a paper-maker, nor manufacture within a quarter 
of a mile of a paper-manufaCtory, on pain of iool. Places 
of making or keeping paper, pafteboard, mill-board, fcale- 
board, or glazed paper, all utenfils and materials employed, 
dial 1 be entered, on pain of forfeiture, and alfo of 50I. 
(34 Geo. III. c. 20.) All paper (hall lie made up into 
quires, each quire confiding of 24 (beets, and fuch quires 
(hall be made up into reams of 20 quires each ; and all 
pafteboard, &c. (hall be made up in parcels, each parcel 
containing even dozens of (beets, of one and the fame 
denomination, and of equal dimenfions, and not lefs than 
24, nor more than 72, fuch (beets in every parcel; tied 
up, Sec. in wrappers, and marked with the ciafs of paper 
to which it belongs, the number of the reams made by 
the maker during the current quarter, Sec. Sec. on penalty 
of 200I. and forfeiture. (42 Geo. III. c. 94.) Every 
maker may make his paper into quires without folding, 
provided that fuch quires, when made up into reams, be 
leparated by a (lip of coloured paper placed between each 
quire, and vifible on the outfide of the ream, and that 
the outfide quires of each ream confift of not lefs than 20, 
nor more than 24, (beets, at the option of the maker. 
Every maker, whole mill or work-houfe is fituated in any 
city or market-town, who (hall have any paper, pafte¬ 
board, Sec. to be weighed, and charged with the duty, 
(hall give 24 hours (elfewhere 48 hours) previous notice, 
in writing, to the officer of excife, who ffiall attend ; and 
luch maker, or his fervant, (hall produce to the officer all 
fuch paper, pafteboard, &c. duly tied up, that the duty 
may be charged previous to removal; (lamps ffiall be pro¬ 
vided by the commiffioners of excife ; and, if any perfon 
(hall counterfeit fuch (lamps, and fell with fuch counter¬ 
feits, knowingly, he (hall be adjudged guilty of-felony, 
and fubje&ed to tranfportation, as a felon, for feven years. 
47 Geo. III. fed'. 2. c. 30. 
Paper-makers are enjoined to give notice to the proper 
officers of their names, places of abode, ftore-houfes, Sec. 
and to make regular daily entries of the number of 
ffieets made by them, which entries are to be fworn to 
every fix weeks, on penalty of 50I. and the duty (hall be 
E R. 375 
paid in fix weeks after entry, on pain of double duty. 
34 Geo. III. c. 20. 
Paper-makers are forbid to remove or to conceal their 
paper, Sec. till the officer has taken account thereof, on 
penalty of 50I. and forfeiture of the paper, &c. (24 Geo. 
III. c. 18. 34 Geo. III. c. 20. 42 Geo. III. c. 94.) nor 
fliall the paper, Sec. be removed in lefs than 24 hours after 
charged, under the fame penalty. Any paper may be re¬ 
moved from one mill to another, upon giving 48 hours 
notice, in writing, to the officer. Paper that has been 
(tamped and charged, is to be kept feparate from other 
paper, and alfo paper of one clafs from that of another, 
on pain of 50I. 
Perfons tnolefting officers in the execution of this a£l 
(34 Geo. III. c. 20.) incur a penalty of iool. and the pe¬ 
nalties and forfeitures (hall be appropriated, one moiety 
to the king, and the other moiety to the informer. 
There is a drawback of the duties on paper exported ; 
and alfo for books printed at Oxford or Cambridge, in 
the Latin, Greek, Oriental, or Northern, languages; and 
alfo for Bibles, Teftaments, Pfalm-books, or Books of 
Common Prayer, printed either in thofe univerfities, or 
by the king’s printer, under certain conditions. 43 Geo. 
III. c. 69. (ched. C. 
Pafteboard, made of paper that hath paid the duty, 
(hall not be charged with farther duty. (34 Geo. III. 
c. 20. 42 Geo. III. c. 94.) Allowance ffiall be made on 
paper damaged, for which the duty hath been paid ; upon 
(even days’ notice : and allowance ffiall be made to clothiers 
and hot-preffers; on certain conditions. 42 Geo. III. 
c. 94. 43 Geo. III. c. 69. 
Stained paper (befides the duty paid for the paper 
before ftaining) is fubjedl, by the former a£ls, to a duty 
of ijd. a yard (quare. 43 Geo. III. c. 69. 
Of the different Kinds of Paper ; and the Methods of pre¬ 
paring it for various Purpofes. 
Papers are of various kinds. With regard to colour, 
they may be divided into white, blue, brown, Sec. With 
regard to quality, into fuperfine, fine, fecond, baftard, 
&c. With regard to ufe, into writing, printing, prelfing, 
cap, cartridge, copy, chancery, poll, &c. With regard to 
dimenfions, into pot, foolscap, crown, demy, medium, 
royal, fuper-royal, imperial, elephant, atlas. Sec. 
Pot is the name of the fmaileft kind of paper : it was l'o 
called from having had originally the device of a flower¬ 
pot for the water-mark. At prefent the water-mark in 
moll kinds of paper is the maker’s name with the date of 
the year.— Pojl, large or ('mail, is chiefly ufed or intended 
for writing letters to go by the poll.— Demi) is that moll 
commonly ufed for printing books, though the other 
larger forts are occalionally employed for fplendid works. 
The prefent Encyclopaedia is printed upon medium paper 
Blotting-paper is paper not fized, and in which 
therefore ink readily finks orfpreads. It is ufed in books 
of account, Sec. in lieu of find, to prevent blotting and 
disfiguring the oppolite page. The fame kind is like- 
wife ufed by apothecaries in filtering juices, and other 
matters. 
Drawing-Paper. The paper ufed for drawing, or 
for coloured maps, is in fome mills made from one kind 
of white fluff, either fine or middling; in others from a 
mixture of three or four kinds of duff of different co¬ 
lours. The Dutch were, not long ago, almoll wholly in 
poffeffion of this manufacture. The fame qualities are 
necefl'ary in this paper as in that for writing : the grain, 
however, rnuft be a little more raifed, although flattened 
by the exchange ; for, without this grain, the pencil 
would leave with difficulty the traces of the objefts. 
Great care is alfo necefl'ary in the fizing of this paper, that 
the drawing be neatly performed, and alfo that the fink¬ 
ing of the ink or colours into the irregularities of the (tuff - 
be prevented. 
Painters prepare their paper for drawing, and give it a 
dark ground, which fpares them much labour of the pen¬ 
cil 
