PAR PAR 427 
Pare was the author of fome works which wereuniver- 
fally read, and tranflated into moft of the languages 
of Europe. His firft treatife, “ Maniere de trailer les 
Playes faites par Harquebufes,Fleches, &c.” was publifhed 
at Paris in 1545, and again in 1551 and 1564. He after¬ 
wards laboured ftrenuoufly to put his brethren in pof- 
feffion of a body of furgical fcience in their native tongue; 
and in 1561 publifhed the firft edition of his works, in 
folio. Numerous editions were afterwards printed at 
Paris, and alfo at Lyons; and his pupil Guillemeau, who 
was furgeon to Charles IX. and Henry IV. tranflated 
thefe works into Latin. This tranflation has been fre¬ 
quently reprinted at various places, with the title of 
“ Ambrofii Parsei Opera, novis iconibus elegantiftimis 
illuftrata, et Latinitate donata.” This volume contains 
twenty-fix treatifes; and there is no branch of furgery 
which is not touched upon in the collection. Monthly 
Mag. for Oct. 1814. 
PARE (Philip and Daniel). See Pareus. 
PARECA'LA, a province of the ifland of Lu<;on, fer¬ 
tile, and rich in mines of gold and precious ftones. 
About 7000 Indians pay tribute to the Spaniards. 
PARECHAM'PA, a town of Bootan : five miles north 
of Taffnfudon. 
PARE'CHIA, a fmall town of the ifland of Paros, 
built on the ruins of the ancient Paros, on the weft coaft 
of the ifland, facing Antiparos; but it prefents no idea 
of the ancient city, unlefs by the beautiful ruins, which 
are employed equally without referve and without tafte 
in its conftruClion. Off Parechia, the fea forms a bight 
and a harbour, whofe entrance is difficult, on account of 
the flioals by which it is obftrufted on the oppofite coaft. 
Lat. 37. 5. N. Ion. 25. 10. E. 
PARE'DES, a town of Spain, in Afturia: twenty-five 
miles north-weft of Oviedo. 
PARE'DES, a town of Spain in the province of Leon : 
thirteen miles north-weft of Leon. °- 
PARE^DES, a town of Spain, in New Caftile : eight 
miles north of Siguen^a. 
PAREDF.'DES, a town of Portugal, in Eftramadura: 
twelve miles north-weft of Leyria. 
PAR'EDON DEL ES'TE, a fmall ifland near the north 
coaft of Cuba. Lat. 22. 16. N. Ion. 77. 50. W. 
PAR'EDON DEL ME'DIOS, a fmall ifland near the 
north coaft of Cuba. Lat. 22. 16. N. Ion. 78.6. W. 
PARE'DRI,/. [Greek.] Among the Athenians, when 
the archon, bafileus, or polemarchus, by reafon of their 
youth, happened not to be fo well fkilled in the laws and 
cuftoms of their country as might have been wiffied, it 
was cuftomary for each of them to make choice of two 
perfons of age, gravity, and reputation, to fit with them 
upon the bench, and direft them as there was occafion. 
Thefe afleflors w'ere called pare chi, and were obliged to 
undergo the fame probation in the fenate-houfe and pub¬ 
lic forum with the other magiftrates; and, like them 
too, to give an account how they had behaved them- 
felves in their refpeftive trulls, when their office was 
expired. 
PAR'EDRIA,/. A term ufed by Hippocrates to ex- 
prefs an aflociation of two or more difeafes in the fame 
patient, making what we call a complicated illnefs. 
PAREGOR'IC, aclj. [Greek.] Having the power in 
medicine to comfort, mollify, and afluage. 
PAREGOR'IC, f. A medical preparation which com¬ 
forts and affuages; an anodyne.—Tar-water is of admi¬ 
rable ufe in fevers; being at the fame time thefureft, fafeft, 
and moft effectual, both paregorich and cordial. Bp. Berke¬ 
ley'' s Siris. 
PARE'JA (Juan de), a Meftizo, (a Spaniffi name given 
to thofe who are born of a Spaniffi father, and a mother 
a native Indian,) whofe love for the art of painting was 
Inch, that, though the flave of Velafquez, and employed 
by him to prepare his colours, and attend upon him, yet 
he contrived in fecret to obtain very confiderable profi¬ 
ciency in the art. He died at the age of fixty, in 1670. 
PARE'ID, a town of France, in the department of the 
Meufe: twelve miles eaft of Verdun, and fix fouth-fouth- 
eaft of Ellain. 
PARE'IRA, f. in botany. See Cissampelos. 
PAREL'CON, J'. [from the Gr. Troc^cXy.u, to draw out.] 
A figure in grammar, in which a letter or fyllable is added 
to the end of a word. 
PAREL'LA, a town of France, in the department of 
the Dora : four miles fouth-fouth-weft of Ivrea, and 
twenty north of Turin. 
PARELLO'NES, a duller of fmall iflands in the Spa- 
nifli main, near the coaft of Darien. Lat. 9.37. N. Ion. 
79. 30. W. 
PAREL'LUS, f. in botany. See Lichen. 
PAR'EMBOLE, J\ [Greek.] A figure in rhetoric, 
wherein fomething relating to the fubje£l is inferted in 
the middle of a period. All the difference between the 
parembole and parenthefis, according to Voffius, is, that 
the former relates to the fubjebt in hand, whereas the latter 
is foreign to it. An example of each we have in Virgil; 
and firft of the parembole : 
y£neas (neque enim patrius confiftere mentem 
Paffus amor) rapidum ad naves praemitit Achatem. 
The following is an inflance of the parenthefis : 
-ipfique fuos jam morte fub aegra 
(Di meliora piis, erroremque hoftibus ilium) 
Difciflor nudis laniabant dentibus artus. 
PAREMP'TOSIS, f. [from the Gr. napa, with, and 
s/ 271 -Two-if, a falling between.] A figure in grammar, in 
which a letter or fyllable is thrown into the middle of a 
word. The fall of the blood from the heart into the great 
artery. 
PARENCEPH'ALOS, f. [from the Gr. nctpct, near, and 
KitfaXn, the head.] The cerebellum. 
PARENCHY'MA, f. [Greek.] In anatomy, is applied 
to the fubftance of glands, and denotes that part of them 
which conftitutes the peculiarity of the organ, the bafis, 
which would remain if the veffels and nerves were re¬ 
moved. It is often ufed more generally, for any kind of 
fpongy or porous flefh, as that of which the lungs and 
heart are compofed, and through which the blood is 
ftrained for its better fermentation and perfection. And 
hence Dr. Grew gives the name parenchyma to the pith 
or pulp, or that inner part of a fruit or plant, through 
which the juice is fuppofed to be diftributed. 
PAREN CH YM'ATOUS, or Paren'chymous, aclj. 
Relating to the parenchyma; fpongy.—Ten thoufand 
feeds of the plant hart’s-tongue hardly make the bulk of 
a pepper-corn. Now the covers and true body of each 
feed, the parenchymatous and ligneous parts of both mo¬ 
derately multiplied, afford an hundred thoufand millions 
of formed atoms in the fpace of a pepper-corn. Grew .— 
The lungs, and all the other parenchymous parts of the 
bowels. Smith on Old Age. —Thofe parts, formerly rec¬ 
koned parenchymatous, are now found to be bundles of 
exceedingly Imall threads. Cheyne. 
PARENE'SIS, J’. [Greek.] Perfuafion; exhortation. 
PARENET'IC, or Parenetical, aclj. [n-a^ac vtliy.o;, 
Gr.] Hortatory; encouraging.—In an epiftle paraneticul 
to the pope himfelf, S. Bernard might have leave to ufe 
allufions, and after his manner to be liberal of all that 
the fee of Rome challanged. Bp. Bedell's Letters. 
PARENET'IC,/ A mafterly or authoritative admo¬ 
nition. Cole. 
PA'RENT, f. [Fr. from parens, Lat.] A father or mo¬ 
ther.—His cuftom was, during the warmer feafon of the 
year, to fpend an hour before evening-prayer in catechi- 
fing; whereat the parents and older fort were wont to be 
prefent. Fell. —All true virtues are to honour true re¬ 
ligion as their parent, and all well-ordered commonweales 
to love her as their chiefeft ftay. Hooker. 
In vain on the diffembled mother’s tongue 
Had cunning art and fly perfuafion hung; 
And 
