444 p A 
Bocking-park.by Braintree in the fame county; in the 
wood by Robin Hood’s Well, near Nottingham ; in the 
moor by Canterbury, called .the Clapper; in Blackburne 
at Merton in Lancaftfire; in Dingley-wood, fix miles 
from Prefton in Aundernefle ; at Heflet in Lancalhire ; 
and in Cotting-wood in the north of England, as that 
excellent, painful, and diligent, phyfician, Mr. Doftor 
Turner, of late memory, doth record in his Herbal.” 
Parkinfon, in 164.0, fays it was then loft in the above 
places, “ every one running thereunto, that is next him, 
and gathering it.” He informs us that it was found in 
his time in Hinbury-wood, three miles from Maidftone in 
Kent, in a wood called Harwarfh, near Pinnenden-heath ; 
by Maidftone, in Long-wood by Chifelhurft, and in the 
next called Ifeets-wood, and in a wood over againft 
Boxly-abbey near Maidftone. Mr. Newton found it in 
the Long Spring by Petfelbogs at Chifelhurft; and Mr. 
Pay in Lampit-grove, at Notley, Eflex. Mr. Charles 
Miller difcovered it in a little wood, not far from Hamp- 
ftead ; and yet Mr. Curtis has not introduced this curious 
plant in his valuable Flora Londinenfis. Mr. Blackftone 
found it in Hanging-wood, near Harefield, Middlefex; 
Mr. Abbot at Hawnes, Renholdand Clapham, Park-wood 
in Bedfordfliire; in Kingfton, Everfden, and Ditton, 
woods, Cambridgefhire ; in Love-lane near Derby, by Mr. 
Wately ; at Selborne, in Hampfhire, by Mr. White ; Rip- 
ton-wood, in Huntingdonfliire, by Mr. Woodward ; 
Byfeing-wood, in Kent; in Hollinghall, Stocking and 
Okeley-wood in Leicefterftiire, by Dr. Pulteney ; in 
Brampton, Craniley, and Hardwick, woods, and Whittle- 
borough-foreft, in Northamptonfhire, by Moreton; in 
P A 
PAR'IS, the capital of the kingdom of France, is 
fituated on the river Seine ; and is one of the largeft and 
fineft cities in Europe. It is 225 miles fouth-fouth-eaft 
from London ; and in lat. 48. 51. N. Ion. 2. 25. E. 
Paris derives its name from being the capital of an 
ancient people called Parifii; but when it firft afiumed 
that appellation is unknown. Numerous are the con¬ 
jectures refpeffing the derivation of the word Parifii. 
Some have imagined that this tribe defcended from the 
Parrhafians, a people of Arcadia, whom Hercules con¬ 
ducted to Gaul. Others have pretended that fome Trojans, 
elcaping from the deftruction of their country, fled to 
Gaul, and, building a new city, called it Paris, in honour 
of the fon of Priam. Others have derived the name from 
Paris, the eighteenth king of Celtic Gaul. Many re- 
fpectable authors have adopted an opinion not deftitute 
of ingenuity. A noble temple, dedicated to the worfiiip 
of Ifis, once flood in the neighbourhood of Paris : its 
ruins were lately to be feen near St. Germain-des-Pres : 
hence the furrounding inhabitants were called Par-Ijii, 
or thofe who lived near the temple of Ifis. The molt 
probable conjecSlure is, that this tribe of Gauls denomi¬ 
nated Parifii from their inhabiting the banks of the Oife, 
whofe ancient name was Ifia. 
The origin of Paris is wrapped in total obfcurity. The 
firft: mention which occurs of it is in the Commentaries of 
Casfar, book vii. An univerfal revolt of the Gauls had 
taken place on the return of their conqueror to Italy; 
yet, jealous of each other, as well as indignant at the yoke 
of the invader, they had negledted to concentrate their 
forces, and each tribe had fworn fmgly to defend its na¬ 
tive foil from the ufurpation of the Romans. Labienus, 
one of the lieutenants of Casfar, attacked them feparately, 
and found them an eafy conqueft. Having fubdued 
twenty-five of the Gaulifh tribes, he prefented himfelf 
before the capital of the Parifii, which was then called 
Lutetia, probably from the Latin latum , mud, from its 
I s. 
Afply and Col wick woods, Nottlng'hamlhire, by De&Ving; 
in Headington-Wick-copfe, Oxfordlhire, by Dr. Sibthorp; 
in the wood by the Devil’s Den, near Clifton-upon- 
Teme; woods on the fides of Breedon-hill, and about 
Frankly, in Worcefterftrire; near Gainford and in Ruby- 
park, by Mr. Robfon. In Scotland, in a wood a mile to 
the fouth of Newbottle, near Dalkeith, by Dr. Parfons ; 
in the Den of Bethaick, four miles from Perth, by Mr. 
Lightfoot; in the wood of Methven, Perthlhire, by Mr. 
Millar. It flowers in May; but is with great difficulty 
preferved in gardens. The beft way is to take up the 
plants from the places where they grow wild, preferving 
good balls of earth to their roots, and plant them in a 
flrady moift border, where they may remain undifturbed. • 
2. Paris polyphylla, or many-leaved herb Paris : leaves 
lanceolate, eight or ten. Difcovered by Dr. F. Buchanan, 
growing in woods near rivulets, in Upper Nepaul, where 
it is known by the name of dai fwa. The root is creep¬ 
ing, but much thicker and more tuberous than the 
former. Stem a foot or more in height, brownifh, thrice 
the thicknefs of the firft fpecies, crowned like that with a 
whorl of leaves, in a fimilar fpreading polition, but about 
twice as numerous, and much narrower, being elliptic- 
lanceolate, taper-pointed, triple-ribbed ; each fupported 
on a fliort purplilh ftalk. Flower-ftalk much fhorter than 
the former; but the flower is larger, of the lame green 
colour. Its calyx-leaves and petals are ufually five, with 
ten ftamens, but fometimes only four with eight ftamens, 
or even three with fix. 
Herb Paris of Canada. See Trillium. 
R I S. 
fituation amidft marfhes and dirt. It was then entirely 
contained within that ifland on the Seine, which, at the 
prefer.t day, is called I'lfle du. Palais; and, in comparifon 
with the capitals of the other provinces of Gaul, Lutetia 
was but a forry village ; its houfes were fmall, of a round 
form, built of wood and earth, and covered with ftraw and 
reeds. When the Romans had conquered Lutetia, they 
embellilhed it with a palace, furrounded it with walls, and 
erefted at the head of each of the two bridges leading to 
it, a fortrefs, one of which flood on the fcite of the prilon 
called the Grand Chatelet, and the other on that of the 
Petit Chatelet. The Yonne, the Marne, and the Oife, 
being rivers which join the Seine, fuggefted the idea of 
eftablilhing a trading-company by water, in order to 
facilitate, by thofe channels, the circulation of warlike 
ftores, and provifions. The merchants were called Nauta 
Parajlaci. The Romans alfo erected, near the bank of 
the Seine, a magnificent palace and aqueduft. This 
palace was called Thermce, on account of its tepid baths. 
Julian, being charged to defend Gaul againft the irrup¬ 
tions df the barbarians, took up his reiidence in thefe 
Thermae in the year 360, two years before he was pro-^ 
claimed emperor, in the fquare which was in the front of 
the palace. “ I was,” fays he, in his work entitled Mi- 
Jbpogon, or the Enemy of the Beard, “ in winter-quarters 
in my dear Lutetia. Thus is named, in Gaul, the little 
capital of the Parifii.” And by another ancient writer, 
it is defcribed as an inconfiderable ifland, furrounded with 
walls, the foot of which is bathed by the river; and the 
entrance, on each fide, by a wooden bridge. 
Towards the middle of the fifth century this city paffed 
from the dominion of the Romans to that of the Franks ; 
and, in 508, Clovis declared it the capital of his kingdom, 
and contributed very much to the eftablilhment of it; 
he alfo abrogated its Roman name, and reftored that of 
Paris, by which it has ever fince been diftinguilhed. 
Clovis fixed the feat of his empire here. Under the princes 
1 of 
