63(> " PAR 
thing but uncultivated fields and villages partly deftroyed. 
Its quarries of beautiful marble are abandoned, and partly 
filled up with rubbilh; fo that the defcendants of its ce¬ 
lebrated artifts, whom mifery and flavery have degraded, 
are no longer acquainted with an art which conftituted 
the glory of their country. At the beginning of the laft 
century, the number of its inhabitants was eftimated at 
6000 j but at the prefent day they are fuppofed not to 
exceed 2000. The European confuls have long fince 
withdrawn from it; the Catholics have fled; and the 
Greeks, who remain, idle and wretched, find themfelves 
expofed every year to the oppreflion of the officers of the 
captain-pacha’s fquadron, to the fword of the failors, 
and to the rapacity of all. Although its extent is not fo 
confiderable as that of Naxos, it has in proportion a much 
greater quantity of land fit for culture. Its mountains 
are lefs elevated, its riling grounds lefs arid, and its plains 
would be as fertile, if they were as well watered. 
The city of Paros, which was the metropolis of the 
ifland, is ftyled by Stephanus a potent city, and one of 
the larged: in the Archipelago. Paros, or, as the natives 
call it, Parechia, is fuppofed to have been built upon its 
ruins ; the neighbouring country abounding with valua¬ 
ble monuments of antiquity; the very walls of the pre¬ 
fent city are built with columns, architraves, and pedef- 
tals, mingled with pieces of ancient marble of a furprifing 
bignefs. Every one knows that Paros was formerly fa¬ 
mous for its fine marble, which was of an extraordinary 
whitenefs, and in fuch requeft among the ancients, that 
the beft ftatuaries ufed no other. See Marmor micans, 
vol. xiv. p. 389. It is alfo known that the Arundelian 
or Oxford Marbles, more properly called the Parian Chro¬ 
nicle, were written and preferved here. See vol. ii. p. 
345. Pliny tells us, that the Parian marble, and no other, 
was made ufe of in adorning the frontifpiece of the cele¬ 
brated Labyrinth in Egypt, which was counted one of 
the wonders of the world. The bell quarries were thofe 
of Marpetus, or Marpeflus, mentioned by Virgil, and 
his interpreter Servius. In this mountain are Hill to be 
feen caverns of an extraordinary depth, which the mo¬ 
dern inhabitants and travellers take to be the ancient 
quarries. According to Pliny, tliefe quarries were fo 
uncommonly deep, that in the cleareft weather the work¬ 
men were obliged to ufe lamps, from which circumftance 
the Greeks have called the marble Lyclmites, “ worked by 
the light of lamps.” In one of the quarries, diftant about 
four miles from the prefent city of Parechia, is Hill to be 
feen a bafl'o relievo, cut in the rock, and containing 29 
figures of nymphs and fatyrs, dancing a kind of brawl. 
This was done, as appears from the infcription, by one 
Adamas Odryfe, in honour of the nymphs. Stewart's 
and Revett's Antiq. of Athens, vol. iv. 
The ifland is provided with feveral capacious and fafe 
harbours. It is well cultivated; feeds a great number 
of Iheep; and yields wheat, barley, fruit, legumes, and 
cotton. Before the war of Candi, the inhabitants made 
a great deal of oil; but, while the army of the Venetians 
remained on the ifland, they burnt all the olive-trees. 
Paros is likewile famous for the fine cattle which it produ¬ 
ces, and for its partridges, and wild pigeons. Archilochus, 
the inventor of the Iambic verfe, was a native of Paros. 
In this ifland, befides a great number of churches and 
chapels, are feveral confiderable villages. A large fleet 
may lie conveniently and fecurely in the harbour of St. 
Maria ; but the common anchoring-place for the Turkifli 
navy is Drio, on the weft fide of the ifland. Lat. 37. 4. 
N. Ion. 25.18. E. 
PAR'OTID, adj. [from the Greek waga, by, and wtoc, 
the ears.] Salivary; fo named becaufe near the ears.— 
Beafts and birds, having one common ufe of fpittle, are 
furnilhed with the parotid glands, which help to fupply 
the mouth with it. Grew. 
Parotid Gland, the largeft of the falivary glands, 
fituated in front of the ear. 
PARO'TIS,/. [Greek.] One of the glandules com* 
PAR 
monly called the almonds of the ears. A tumour in one 
of thofe glandules. 
PAR'OXYSM,^/. [from the Greek irx^a., by, and o!-vtv, 
to fharpen.] A fit; periodical exacerbation of a difeale.— 
The greater diftance of time there is between the parox- 
yfms, the fever is lefs dangerous, but more obftinate. 
Arbuthnot. 
PAR'PAJAH, a town on the north-eaft coaft of the 
ifland of Sumatra, on the river Camfer. Lat. o. 15. N. 
Ion. 102. 45. W. 
PARPASARAT', an ifland in the ftraits of Malacca, 
near the coaft of Sumatra, about fifty miles in circumfe¬ 
rence. Lat. 1. 21. N. Ion. 102. 15. E. 
PARPOO'LY, a town of Hindooftan, in Concan : 
twenty-eight miles north-north-eaft of Goa. 
PARPOU'R, a town of Bengal: feventy miles north- 
weft of Midnapour. 
PARPOU'R, a town of Bengal: eight miles north of 
Curruckpoor. 
PARPUNC'TUM, /. An ancient coat of mail; a kind 
of doublet. 
PARR, a town of England, in Lancaftiire, with 1183 
inhabitants, including 431 employed in trade and manu¬ 
factures : five miles north-weft of Warrington. 
PARR (Catharine), queen of England, was the eldeft 
daughter of Sir Thomas Parr of Kendall. She was firil 
married to John Nevil, lord Latymer; after whole death, 
by her marriage with Henry VIII. fhe was railed to the 
throne. The royal nuptials were folemnized at Hamp- 
ton-court on the 12th of July, 1543. Being religioufly 
difpofed, Ihe was, in the early part of her life, a zealous 
obferver of the Romilh rites and ceremonies ; but, in the 
dawning of the Reformation, Ihe became as zealous a 
promoter of the Lutheran doCtrine; yet with fuch pru¬ 
dence and circumfpeCtion as her perilous fituation re¬ 
quired. Neverthelefs, we are told that (he was in great 
danger of falling a facrifice to the popilh faCtion, the 
chief of whom was Bilhop Gardiner: he drew up articles 
againft her, and prevailed on the king to lign a warrant 
to commit her to the Tower. This warrant was, however, 
accidentally dropped, and immediately conveyed to her 
majefty. What her apprehenlions mult have been on this 
occalion may be eafily imagined. She knew the monarch ; 
and Ihe could not help recollecting the fate of his former 
queens. A fudden illnefs was the natural confequence. 
The news of her indifpofition brought the king to her 
apartment. He was lavilhin expreflions of affeCtion, and 
fent her a phyfician. His majefty being foon after alio 
fomewhat indifpofed, Ihe prudently returned the vilit; 
with which the king feemed pleafed, and began to talk 
with her on religious fubje&s, propofing certain queilions, 
concerning what he wanted her opinion. She anivvertd, 
that fuch profound fpeculations were not luited to her 
fex ; that it belonged to the hufband to choofe principles 
for his wife ; the wife’s duty was, in all cafes, to adopt 
implicitly the fentimentsof her hulband : and, as to lier- 
feIf, it was doubly her duty, being blefled with a 
hulband who was qualified, by his judgment and learn¬ 
ing, not only to choofe principles for his own family, 
but for the moll wile and knowing of every nation. 
“ Not fo, by St. Mary,” replied the king ; “ you are now 
become a do&or, Kate, and better fitted to give than re¬ 
ceive inftruCtion.” She meekly replied, that Ihe was fen- 
fible how little Ihe was entitled to thefe praifes; that, 
though Ihe ufually declined not any converfation, how¬ 
ever fublime, when propofed by his majefty, Ihe well 
knew that her conceptions could ferve to no other pur- 
pofe than to give him a little momentary amufement; 
that Hie found the converfation a little apt to languilh 
when not revived by fome oppolition, and fhe had ven¬ 
tured fometimes to feign a contrariety of fentiment, in 
order to give him the pleafure of refuting her ; and that 
fhe alfo propofed, by this innocent artifice, to engage him 
into topics whence fhe had obferved, by frequent expe¬ 
rience, that Ihe reaped profit and inftruilion. “And is 
