646 PAR 
difcharge of his truft, inflexible in the rigorous princi¬ 
ples with which he commenced his catholic warfare. Of 
this he gave an example, by procuring the removal of 
the arch-prieft of England for taking the oath of fupre- 
niacy to king James; and by obtaining a brief from Paul 
V. for the deprivation of all the priefts who took it. In 
April x6io he was attacked with a fever, and foon ap¬ 
peared pall: recovery. In this Hate he dictated three 
letters relative to his office ; and, having been indulged 
in all the ceremonial belonging to cardinals on their 
death-bed, he expired, and was interred in the chapel 
of the college of which he was redtor. Father Parfons 
was undoubtedly a man of confiderable abilities, and 
great induftry; but his bigoted zeal led him to employ 
his talents to the injury of his native country, wliilft his 
bufy and domineering temper involved him in frequent 
quarrels with thofeof his own perfuafion. 
PAR'SGNS (James), a phyfician, anatomift, and an¬ 
tiquarian, was born at Barnltaple in 1705. Soon after 
.birth he was taken to Ireland by his father, who was made 
a barrack-mailer in that country, and he received the 
early part of his education at Dublin. Being deltined 
to the profeflion of phyfic, he went to Paris, where he 
attended the ledtures of all the mod eminent teachers in 
the different branches of medical fcience. He took the 
degree of M. D. at Rheims in 1736, and came to London, 
where he was employed as an anatomical aflillant by Dr. 
James Douglas. He foon after commenced pradtice, and 
married. His refidence was for many years in Red-lion- 
fquare, and the branch of the profeflion in which he was 
principally engaged was the obftetrical. In 1740 he was 
admitted a fellow of the Royal Society, with the moll 
learned members of which he maintained an intimate con¬ 
nexion. He was likewife a member of the Antiquarian 
Society, and that of Arts and Manufactures ; and he 
maintained a correfpondence with fome of the moll emi¬ 
nent men of fcience abroad. Refpedtable for his morals, 
attainments, and ufefulnefs, he died, much regretted, in 
1770. 
Dr. Parfons left the following works. 1. A Mecha¬ 
nical and Critical Enquiry into the Nature of Herma¬ 
phrodites, 8vo. 1741. which was principally a compilation 
2. A Defcription of the Urinary Human Bladder, and the 
Parts belonging to it, with Figures, 1742. which was 
intended to difprove the reported utility of Mrs. Ste¬ 
phens’s medicines for the Hone. 3. Philofophical Ob- 
fervations on the Analogy between the Propagation of 
Animals and that of Vegetables, 8vo. 1752. As an anti¬ 
quary, Dr. Parfons diftinguiflied himfelf by an elaborate 
publication, entitled, 4. Remains of Japhet; being hif- 
torical enquiries into the affinity and origin of the Euro¬ 
pean languages, 4to. 1767. This is a performance of 
great erudition and refearch ; but the author, like mod 
of the fpeculators upon thefe topics, is induced, by his 
zeal for effablifhing a fyftem, to place too much confi¬ 
dence in fabulous traditions and dubious remains. He 
finds, in the inhabitants of the Britifli ifles, the lineal 
defcendants of Gomer and Magog, with the veftiges of 
their primitive language. Befides thefe feparate publi¬ 
cations, Dr. Parfons was the author of feveral papers, 
printed in the Philofophical Tranfaftions; viz. Croonian 
Lectures on Mufcular Motion, 1745, hi which he con- 
fiders the mufcular fibres as tubes. Human Piiyfiogno- 
my explained, in the Appendix to the Phil. Tranf. for 
J746 ; and feveral other papers on anatomical and phy- 
fiological fubjedts, efpecially an account of the diffedtion 
of a rhinoceros, which is valuable, and illuftrated by 
good figures. Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowijer. 
PAR'SONS’ TOWN. See Birr, vol. iii. 
PARSON'SIA, f in botany ; a genus of plants re¬ 
ceived that appellation from Mr. R. Brown, in memory 
of Dr. James Parfons. (See his article.) Dr. P. Browne, 
in his Hiftory of Jamaica, had already dedicated a plant 
to the fame purpofe; but that is Lythrum Parfoniia of 
Linmeus. As to the prefent genus, the three firft of its 
4 
PAR 
feven fpecies are taken from the genus Echites, and 
have been already deferibed under that article. The 
fourth is the Periploca capfularis; while the three laft, 
and indeed the whole genus, as the author himfelf re¬ 
marks, are but too nearly related to Lyonsia. See, 
therefore, the articles referred to. 
PART,/ [pars, Lat.] Something lefs thail the whole; 
a portion ; a quantity taken from a larger quantity.— 
The people flood at the nether part of the mount. Exo¬ 
dus. —This law wanted not parts of prudent and deep 
forefight; for it took away occafion to-pry into the king’s 
title. Bacon. —The citizens were for the moft part flain or 
taken. Knolles. —Thefe conclude that to happen often, 
which happeneth but fometimes ; that never, which 
happeneth but feldom; and that always, which hap¬ 
peneth for the moll part. Brown. —Our ideas of extenfion 
and number, do they not contain a fecret relation of the 
parts? Locke. 
Helen’s cheeks, but not her heart; 
Atalanta’s better part. Shahefpeare. 
Member.—He fully poflefled the revelation he had re¬ 
ceived from God ; all the parts were formed, in his mind, 
into one harmonious body. Locke. —Particular; diftindt 
fpecies.—Eufebia brings them up to all kinds of labour 
that are proper for women, as lowing, knitting, fpin- 
ning, and all other parts of houfewifery. Law. —Ingre¬ 
dient in a mingled mafs.—Many irregular and degene¬ 
rate parts, by the defective ceconomy of nature, continue 
complicated with the blood. Blackmore. —That which, 
in divifion, falls to each.—My part was nothing but the 
fliame. Dnjden. 
Go not without thy wife, but let me bear 
My part of danger with an equai fhare. Dryden. 
Proportional quantity: 
It was fo ftrong, that never any fill’d 
A cup, where that was but by drops inftill’d, 
And drunke it off; but ’twas before allaid 
With twenty parts in water. Chapman. 
Share; concern.—Sheba laid, We have no part in David, 
neither have we inheritance in the fon of Jefie. a Sam. 
xx. 1.—Agamemnon provokes Apollo, whom he was 
willing to appeafe afterwards at the coft of Achilles, wdio 
bad. no part in his fault. Pope. —Side ; party ; intereft ; 
fadtion. Totake part, is to adt in favour of another.—Call 
up their eyes, and fix them on your example; that fo 
natural ambition might take part with reafon and their 
intereft to encourage imitation. Glanville. 
Michael Cafllo, 
When I have fpoken of you difpraifingly. 
Hath ta’en your part. Shakefpeare. 
Something relating or belonging. — For Zelmane’s part, 
(lie w ould have been glad of the fall, which made her bear 
the fweet burden of Philoclea, but that fhe feared flie 
might receive fome hurt. Sidney .— For my part, I have 
no lervile end in my labour, which may reftrain or em- 
bafe the freedom of my judgement. Wotton. 
For your part, it not appears to me. 
That you fliould have an inch of any ground 
To build a grief upon. Shakefpeare's Hen. IV. 
Particular office or charadter.—The pneumatical part, 
which is in all tangible bodies, and hath fome affinity 
with the air, performeth the parts of the air: as, w'hen 
you knock upon an empty barrel, the found is, in part, 
created by the air on the outfide, and, in part, by the 
air in the infide. Bacon's Nat. Hijt. 
Accufe not nature ; flie hath done her part; 
Do thou but thine. Milton's P. L. 
Charadter appropriated in a play.—That part w'as aptly 
fitted, naturally performed. Shakefpeare. —Have you the 
lion’s part written ? give it me, for I am flow of ftudy. 
Shakefpeare's Mid. Night's Dream. —God is the mafter of 
the 
