748 
PASSIFLORA. 
hogs with a great part of their food in the feafon. Jac- 
quin fays it grows every-where in the ifland of Martinico ; 
Merian (who has figured it beautifully), in Surinam; it 
is pretty general in the Well Indies. Mr. Bentick in¬ 
troduced it here in 1690. It flowers in June and July. 
This and the two preceding are particularly defcribed and 
figured in the Linn. Tranf. vol. ii. 
9. Pafliflora coccinea, or fcarlet paffion-flower: leaves 
ovate, fomewhat heart-lhaped, fharply ferrated, nearly 
fmooth ; tootftalks with four or lix glands. Brakes el¬ 
liptical, concave, obtufe, as long as the calyx. Obferved 
by Aublet in Guiana, flowering in Auguft, when alfo 
he gathered the fruit, which he defcribes as divided into 
three cells, full of a plealant eatable pulp. The ftrong 
fharp ferratures of the leaves diftinguifti this from all the 
red of the prefent feCtion. Cavanilles, who faw fpeci- 
mer.s in Juflieu’s collection, fays they are downy beneath 
when young; and he alio reprefents the large inflated 
braCtes as ferrated throughout ; Aublet figures them en¬ 
tire. The flowers are of a brilliant red, with orange rays. 
10. Pafliflora mucronata, or pointed paffion-flower : 
leaves heart-fliaped, obtufe, reticulated, fmooth, entire ; 
footftalks with two glands ; ftipules and braCtes broad- 
ovate, pointed, entire, flat; ftem cylindrical. Gathered 
by Commerfon at Rio Janeiro. The texture of the 
leaves is like laurifolia; but their form is ovate, heart- 
fliaped at the bale ; the young ones elegantly fpeckled. 
11. Pafliflora glandulofa, or glandular paflion-flower : 
leaves ovate acute, reticulated, fmooth, entire; foot- 
ftaiks with two glands; braCtes much fliorter than the 
tube of the calyx, with two glands at their bafe ; neCtary 
extremely fliort. Gathered by Mr. Stoupey in Cayenne. 
Fruit the fize and fliape of a hen’s egg. 
11. Pafliflora multiflora, or many-flowered fmall paf¬ 
fion-flower : leaves ovate-oblong, entire, downy on both 
tides ; flower-ftalks aggregate, hairy ; petals none. This 
has flender ftalks, fending out many fmall branches, and 
climbing to the height of twenty-five or thirty feet ; by 
age they become woody towards the bottom, and their 
joints are not far afunder. Leaves on fliort flender pe¬ 
tioles, three inches and a half long, and two broad in 
the middle, rounded at the bafe, but terminating in a 
point at top, fmooth, entire, and of a lively green colour. 
Germ oval, fwelling to the fize of a pullet’s egg, and 
changing to a pale yellow when ripe. The flowers have 
an agreeable odour, but feldom continue twenty hours' 
open : there is a fucceflion of them from June to Sep¬ 
tember, and fometimes the fruit will ripen here. It 
grows naturally at Vera Cruz in New Spain, where it was 
found by Dr. Houftoun, who lent the feeds to England 
in 1731. It had been before found by Plunder in the 
ifland of Dominica. 
13. Pafliflora anguftifolia, or narrow-leaved paffion- 
flpwer: leaves fubcordate, lanceolate, entire; petioles 
biglandular; flowers folitary. Native of Jamaica. 
14. Pafliflora adulterina, or oval-leaved tubularpaflion- 
flower: flower-ieaves oblong-oval, entire; flowers tubu¬ 
lar; calyxes three-leaved. Stem angular, lanuginofe all 
over. Flowers folitary, peduncled, pendulous, purple. 
Native of New Grenada, where it was found by Mutis. 
II. Leaves two-lobed. 
15. Pafliflora perfoliata, or perfoliate paflion-flower: 
leaves oblong, tranfverfe, embracing, petioled, dotted 
underneath ; crown Ample, many-parted. Stem herba¬ 
ceous, climbing and twining, three-cornered, fubdivided, 
ftriated, pubefcent. Flowers iniddle-fized, fcarlet. Na¬ 
tive of Jamaica, in dry hedges near the coaft, on the 
f'outhern fide of the ifland; flowering in the middle of 
fummer. 
16. Pafliflora rubra, or red-fruited paflion-flower: leaves 
cordate, lobes acuminate, fubtomentole underneath ; Item 
villofe. Stem herbaceous, twining round, grooved, hir- 
fute, red. Flowers alternate, nodding, on folitary one- 
flowered peduncles. Native of the Well Indies. Culti¬ 
vated in 174.8, by Mr. Miller; it flowers in April and 
May. 
17. Pafliflora normalis, or compafs-leaved paflion- 
flower : leaves emarginate at the bafe ; lobes linear, blunt, 
divaricate, the middle one obfolete mucronate. This 
has flender angular ftalks, which rife twenty feet high, 
fending out many branches. The flowers and tendrils 
come out from the fame joints : the former are of a pale 
colour and fmall; fruit egg-fhaped, ovate, purple, the 
fize of fmall grapes. Native of South America. Mr. 
Miller fays it was found by Dr. Houftoun, growing natu¬ 
rally at La Vera Cruz. 
18. Pafliflora murucuja, or tubular-crowned paflion- 
flower: leaves ovate, undivided at the bafe, dotted un¬ 
derneath ; neCtary one-leafed. Stem herbaceous, grooved, 
fmooth. Flowers in pairs, axillary, fcarlet, large. Berry 
ovate, the fize of a pigeon’s egg, pedicelled. According 
to Browne, it is of an oblong oval form, about the fize of 
a large olive, and flefli-coloured when ripe. Both the 
fyrup and decoCtion of the plant are much ufed in the 
leeward parts of Jamaica, where it is frequent; and it is 
faid to anfwer effectually all the purpofes for which fyrup 
of poppies and liquid laudanum are generally admi- 
niltered. The flowers are moft in ufe; they are com¬ 
monly infufed in, or pounded and mixed immediately 
with, wine or fpirirs; and the. compofition is generally 
thought a very effectual and eafy narcotic. Browne 
names it hill-hoof, or Dutchman's laudanum, which are 
probably the vulgar names of the country. It is a na¬ 
tive of the Weft Indies. 
19. Pafliflora vefpertilio, or bat-winged paflion-flower: 
leaves rounded at the bafe and glandular; lobes acute, 
divaricate, dotted underneath. This has flender round- 
ifli ftalks, lefs than a ftraw, and of the fame thicknefs 
from top to bottom, of a brownifh-red colour, dividing 
into many flender branches. Leaves fhaped like the 
wings of a bat when extended, about feven inches in 
length, or rather breadth; from the bafe to the top not 
more than two inches and a half, the upper ones fmaller, 
the middle wider, and the lower narrower, fmooth and 
fomew hat ftiining ; the colour in the upper ones pale, in 
the middle deeper, in the lower darker green, with two 
purple tubercles or glands towards the bafe, where they 
are conneCled with the petiole. Flowers on fhort round 
peduncles from the axils of the middle and upper leaves, 
white, and about three inches in diameter when expan¬ 
ded: calyx greenifh on the outfide, whitifh within ; pe¬ 
tals fomewhat fmaller, white; rays very long and white, 
twifted in the middle ; at the bafe of tlvefe others more 
flender, like hairs; next to them a ring of white plaited 
fcales collected into a fliort tube, from the middle of 
which ariles the fliort purple column fupporting the 
germ, which is green and of an oblong fpheroidal form. 
The flowers are without fcent, open in the evening or 
during the night, in the month of July, and finally clofe 
about eight or nine o’clock in the morning. Dr. Sherard 
received it from the Amfterdam garden, without any no¬ 
tice of its original place of grow th. It is, however, a 
native of the Weft Indies. Mr. Miller, who cultivated 
it about the fame time, fays that it was difcovered by 
Mr. Robert Millar, growing naturally near Carthagena, 
in New Spain. 
20. Pafliflora lunata, or crefcent-leaved paflion-flower : 
leaves dotted, at the bale Hightly cordate, and having 
tw'o glands ; outer rays of the neClary club-fliaped, com- 
prefled, obtufe. Stems feveral, above thirty feet high in 
a cultivated ftate, roundilh and woody at the bafe. 
Flowers axillary, two together, drooping; opening 
early in the day, and fmelling like honey. Mr. Sowerby 
remarks that the flower is much fmaller than in quadran- 
gularis, alata, laurifolia, and casrulea; and is remarkably 
different in having but one row of principal rays, and 
that of a quadrangular form ; with the operculum or co¬ 
ver of the neCtary curioufly plaited : but this is a com¬ 
mon cafe with the ftill fmaller ones. (Linn. Tranf. vol. 
4. ii.) 
