752 
PASSIFLORA. 
IV. Leaves with many fegments. 
S5- Paffiflora ccerulea, common or blue pnflicn-flower : 
leaves deeply palmate, in five entire fmooth fegments. 
This rifes in a few years to a great height with proper fup- 
port: it may be trained up more than forty feet high. The 
fra!ks will grow almoft as large as a man’s arm ; and are 
covered with a purplifh bark, but do not become very 
woody. • The (hoots often grow to the length of twelve 
or fifteen feet in one fummer; and, being very (lender, 
mud be fupported, otherwise they will hang to the 
ground, intermix with each other, and appear very un¬ 
lightly. At each joint is one leaf, compofed of five 
fmooth entire lobes ; the middle one, which is longed, is 
almoft four inches long, and one inch broad in the mid¬ 
dle; the others are gradually (horter, and the two outer 
lobes are frequently divided on their outer fide into two 
(mailer ones. Their footftalks are near two inches long, 
and have two embracing ftipules at their bafe ; and from 
the fams point ifiues a long clafper or tendril. The 
flowers come out at the fame joint with the leaves, on 
peduncles almoft three inches long: the outer cover (or 
involucre) is compofed of three concave ovate leaves, of 
a paler green than the proper leaves of the plant, and are 
little more than half the length of the calyx; the leaflets 
of which are oblong, blunt, pale green ; the petals are 
nearly of the fame (hape and fize, and ftand alternately 
between them. Column about an inch long ; germ oval; 
ftyles purplifh, near an inch long; rays of the crown in 
two circles ; the inner, which is the fliorteft, inclines to¬ 
wards the column ; the outer, which is near half the 
length of the petals, fpreads open flat upon them, and is 
purple at bottom, but blue on the outfide. Fruit egg- 
fhaped, the fize and (hape of the Mogul plum, and when 
ripe of the fame yellow colour, inclofiug a fweetilh difa- 
greeable pulp, in which are lodged oblong feeds. 
This beautiful fpecies is reprefen ted on the Plate II. 
fig. 2. It is a native of Brafii; and, though not brought 
to Europe till long after the incarnata, has now, from its 
much greater hardinefs, and facility of culture, taken 
place of that, and is generally difperfed throughout the 
more temperate parts of Europe. In Italy, Spain, Por¬ 
tugal and the Levant, it combines with the jafmine, more 
efpecially, to form luxuriant bowers; and in thofe coun¬ 
tries bears abundance of orange-coloured fruit, as well 
as fragrant and beautiful flowers. With us it only blof- 
foms in the open air; requiring protection for its roots 
and (ferns againft hard fiofts. Loureiro fpeaks of P. cae- 
rulea as wild about Canton in China; and there is a nar¬ 
row-leaved rather tender variety, known in our (loves, 
reported to have come from that country, or the Eaft In¬ 
dies. But we are inclined to fufpeft both may originally 
have gone thither from Europe or the Brafils. Each 
flower lafts only one day; but there is a copious fuccef- 
fion. 
56. Paftiflcra filamentofa, or long-rayed blue paflion- 
fiower: leaves palmate, in five acute ferrated fegments; 
footftalks with two feftile glands ; braftes diftinft, fer¬ 
rated ; rays longer than the corolla. Native of America. 
Cavanilles defcribed it from the garden of the late duke 
del Infantado, to whofe family he was preceptor. The 
glands of the footftalks agree with thofe of ferrulata, 
N° 44. but’the (hape of the leaves, and their coarfer fer- 
ratures, as well as the ferrated braftes, meterially differ. 
From incarnata and cuneifolia, the only fpecies befides 
with which it can be compared, it is diftingui(hed by 
the leaves not being cut away clofe to the ribs at the 
bafe, as well as by the fituation of the glands on their 
ftalks, and the prefence of other glands in the finufes. 
The leaves we underhand to be fmooth ; their (ide-lobes 
much (mailer than the others. Flower coloured (ome- 
• what like the cxrulea; furnifiied with five rows of rays, 
of which the outermoft extend beyond the calyx and pe¬ 
tals. Fruit globole, with white vifcid pulp. 
57. Psfliflora ferrata, or many-lobed ferrated paflion- 
flower: leaves palmate, in five or (even very deep fer¬ 
rated fegments; footftalks with feveral glands; braftes 
combined, entire. Gathered by Plumier in Martinico, 
in.one place only, near St. Mary’s river. Cavanilles faw 
a fpecimen in Juffieu’s collection, and there is one with¬ 
out flowers, in that of the younger Linnaeus; but this 
very magnificent fpecies is unknown in our gardens. 
The flowers equal even thofe of quadrangularis in mag¬ 
nitude and fplendour, and the broad many-lobed leaves, 
whofe under fide is (bmewhat downy, are much more 
handfome. Plumier fays the (hoots are as large, hard, 
and knotty, as thofe of a vine, fpreading widely over the 
trees and bullies, which they decorate with verdant fo¬ 
liage. The flower-bud, in veiled with its large, ovate, 
pale purple-veined braftes, combined at their bafe, and 
entire at their margin, is as big as a hen’s egg. The ca¬ 
lyx has a broad funnel-ftiaped bafe; its fegments are of 
a violet-colour, like the petals, but much broader, each 
about one inch and a half long. Rays about the fame 
length, very numerous, thick, and fomewhat angular, 
in a double row, the outermoft (horteft, each ray whitifti 
at the point, violet in the middle, paler from thence to 
the bafe, with five violet bands. The tube of the calyx 
is internally lined with (hort red-headed glandular rays. 
Fruit as big as an orange, with a thick coat. Plumier 
did not meet with it ripe, but it feems much like that of 
the quadrangularis in colour and ftrufture. The flowers 
are fragrant. 
58. Pafliflora pedata, or curled paffion-flower; leaves 
pedate, of feven ferrated acute leaflets; braftes diftinft, 
ferrated ; rays twifted. Found by Plumier, by the road- 
fide near Miragoan in Hifpaniola, and no where elfe. 
Leaves remarkable for being pedate, as in Helleborus 
niger, confiding of feven, almoft entirely diftinft, ellip¬ 
tic-lanceolate, acute, fingle-ribbed, (harply-ferrated leaf¬ 
lets, of a fine (hining-green, the central one three or 
four inches long. Flowers furpafling all the reft, accor¬ 
ding to Plumier, in iize, fragrance, and brilliancy of co¬ 
lours. Calyx pale green, dotted on the infide with red ; 
petals blue; rays in one principal row, fpreading, longer 
than the petals, deep red, with two or three white bands, 
their extremities of a fine violet, tapering, zigzag, and 
twifted; column, ftamens, and ftyles, white, fpeckled 
with red. Fruit globofe, like a fmall gourd, the fize of 
a moderate apple, fpeckled with (hades of green. Mr. 
Maffon is recorded as having fent this noble plant to 
Kew in 1781,-from the Weft Indies; but there is no ac¬ 
count of its flowering, and we fear it is now loft. 
Propagation and Culture . All the perennial forts, 
which are natives of the hot parts of America, require a 
(love to preferve them here, without which they will not 
thrive; for, although fome of the forts will live in the 
open air during the warm months in fuminer, yet they 
make but little progrefs; nor will the plants produce 
many flowers, unlefs the pots in which they are planted 
are plunged into the tan-bed of the (love, and their 
branches are trained againft an efpalier. The bed way to 
have them in perfection, is to make a border of earth at 
the back of the tan-bed, which may be feparated by 
planks to prevent the earth from mixing with the tan ; 
and, when the plants are ftrong enough, they (liould be 
turned out of the pots, and planted in this border; ad¬ 
joining to which, fhould be a trellis erefted to the top of 
the (love; againft this the ftalks mult be trained, and as 
they advance they will form a hedge to hide the wall of 
the (love ; and their leaves continuing green all the year, 
together with their flowers which will be plentifully in¬ 
termixed in fummer, will have a very agreeable effeft. 
Thefe plants are propagated by feeds, which (liould be 
Town upon a good liot-bed in the fpring; and, when the 
plants are fit ro remove, they (hould be each planted in a 
(mail pot filled with good kitchen-garden earth, and 
plunged into a bed of tanner’s bark, obferving to (hade 
them from the fun till they have taken new root; then 
they muft be treated like other tender plants from the 
fame 
