PAS 
760 
names was given it by the Jefuits, who pretended to find 
in it all the inllruments of our Lord’s pafiion. Note to 
Cowley. 
PASS'ION-SUN'DAY. The fifth Sunday in Lent has 
in the Romilh church the appellation of Paflion-Sunday, 
which latter title the fixth or Palm Sunday bears in the 
reformed calendar, from the circumftance of the death or 
pafiion of our Saviour being commemorated in the week 
of which Palm (or our Pafiion) Sunday is the firft day. 
The Latins are (fated to have called this fifth Sunday in 
Lent Paffion Sunday, inllead of the fixth, thereby anti¬ 
cipating its true ftation by a week, becaufe they had efta- 
blifhed ceremonies for the latter, appropriate to its other 
name of Palm Sunday, which precluded the performance 
of the rites deemed applicable to the folemn occafion 
from whence they denominated their Pafiion Sunday : 
rites which they formerly carried to an excefs of fuper- 
ftition, not furpafled by any of their ufages. In the 
north of England there are yet to be found Come veftiges 
of the fuperftitious obfervances of this day, which, before 
the Reformation, were general throughout the kingdom. 
Among other of the old ceremonies, foft beans were dis¬ 
tributed as a kind of dole, to denote this fealbn of grief; 
a cuftom perhaps derived from Pagan Rome, offerings of 
that fpecies of pulfe having been deemed by the Heathens 
peculiarly propitious in appealing the ghofts of the de¬ 
parted. Inftead of beans, our northern countrymen ufe 
grey peafe in their repaft of this day, efpecially in Nor¬ 
thumberland : in fome places they are firft parboiled, and 
then parched ; in other diftrids, they are only parched : 
and the day is dill known by the name of Care or Carling 
Sunday, in Durham and the adjoining counties ; a title 
it once univerfally bore in England, though now no lon¬ 
ger noticed in our calendar, fignifying a day of efpecial 
care, or devotional attention. The ferving-up of beans 
or of grey-peafe, as a repaft on this day, is a fuflicient 
evidence of mortification and abftinence, without feek- 
ing for any hidden meaning or fuperftitious tradition. 
PASSION WEE'K, The week immediately preceding 
Eafter, of which the fixth Sunday in Lent, or Palm Sun¬ 
day, is the firft day. See the preceding article. 
PASS'IONARY, f. [ paffionaire, old Fr. paffionarius, 
low Lat.] A book defcribing the fufterings of faints and 
martyrs.—It is colleded from Bede, Alfred of Beverley, 
Malmefbury, Giraldus Cambrenfis, Higden’s Polychro- 
nicon, and the Paffionaries of the female faints, Werburg, 
Ethelred, and Sexburgh, which were kept for public edi¬ 
fication in the choir of the church. War ton's Hijl. E. P. 
PASS'IONATE, adj. [ pajffionne , Fr.] Moved by paf¬ 
fion : feeling or exprefling great commotion of mind.'— 
Thucydides obferves, that men are much more paffionate 
for injultice than for violence; becaufe the one coming 
as from an equal feems rapine ; when the other proceed¬ 
ing from one ftronger is but the efteft of neceflity. Cla¬ 
rendon. —Men, upon the near approach of death, have 
been roufed up into fuch a lively fenfe of their guilt, 
fuch a paffionate degree of concern and remorfe, that, if 
ten thoufand ghofts had appeared to them, they fcarce 
could have had a fuller convi&ion of their danger. At- 
terbury .—Eafily moved to anger.—Homer's Achilles is 
haughty and paffionate, impatient of any reftraint by 
laws, and arrogant in arms. Prior. 
To PASS'IONATE, v. a. To aff’edl with paffion. Olffo- 
lete. 
Great pleafure, mix’d with pitiful regard, 
That godly kingand queen di d pajjionate, 
VVhilft they his pitiful adventures heard. Spenfer. 
To exprefs pafllonately : 
Thy niece and I want hands, 
And cannot paffionate our tenfold grief 
With folded arms. Titus Andronicus. 
PASS'IONATELY, adv. With paffion ; with defire, 
love or hatred; with great commotion of mind.—Wlio- 
P A S 
ever paffionatehj covets any thing he has not, has loft his 
hold. L'Ef range .—If forrow exprefl’es itfelf never fo 
loudly and paffionatehj, and difcharge itfelf in never fo 
many tears, yet it will no more purge a man’s heart than 
the wafhing of his hands can cleanfe the rottennefs of his 
bones. South's Sermons .—I made Melefinda, in oppofitiotv 
to Nourmahal, a woman paffionatehj loving of her huf- 
band, patient of injuries and contempt, and conftant in 
her kindnefs. Dryden. —Angrily.—They lay the blame on 
the poor little ones, fometimes paffionatehj enough, to 
divert it from themfelves. Locke. 
PASS'IONATENESS, ff. State of being fubjebl to paf¬ 
fion.—Vehemence of mind.—To love with fome paffion- 
ateneffs the perfon you would marry, is not only allowable 
but expedient. Boyle. • 
TASS'IONED, adj. Difordered ; violently affe&ed : 
Great wonder had the knight to fee the maid 
So ftraungely paffioned. Spenfer . 
Exprefling paflion : 
By lively aftions he-gan bewray 
Some argument of matter paffioned. Spenjer. 
PASSIONE'I (Dominico), cardinal, was born of a no¬ 
ble family at Fofibmbrone in the duchy of Urbino, in 
1682. He was educated at the Clementine college in 
Rome, where he began to colleft the copious library 
which he afterwards rendered foufeful to men of learning. 
In 1706 he vifited Paris, and contracted an acquaintance 
with all the eminent fcholars of that metropolis, efpecially 
Mabillon and Montfaucon. He went to Holland in 1708, 
where he did not confine himfelf to objects of literature, 
but eflfayed his talents as a negociator. The belligerent 
powers in the Spanifh-fucceflion war had fent their depu¬ 
ties thither to treat of peace ; and pope Clement XI. wdio 
could not have a nuncio in that country, fecretly com- 
miflioned Paflionei to take care of the interefts of the 
holy fee. His efforts were fuccefsful in procuring the 
evacuation of the papal territories by the German troops. 
He was recompenfed in 1713 by the pofts of privy cham¬ 
berlain and domeftic prelate to that pope. In 1714 he was 
fent to the congrefs at Bafil, and in 1715 to Soleure; and 
in both thofe legations he difplayed equal zeal and dex¬ 
terity, and obtained the approbation of Clement, who, 
in 1719, nominated him fecretary to the College of Pro¬ 
paganda. The fucceeding pontiff, Innocent XIII. made 
him titular archbifhop of Ephefus, and appointed him to 
the nunciature of Swiflerland, which he kept till 1730. 
He was then fent by Clement XII. as nuncio to the 
court of Vienna, where he was highly diftinguilhed by the 
emperor Charles VI. and prince Eugene. In this fitu- 
ation he had the credit of effe&ing by his pious labours 
the converfion to the Roman-catholic religion of the 
learned Eccard (fee vol. vi. p. 223.) and the prince of 
Wirtemberg. In 1738 he was made fecretary of the 
briefs, and honoured with the purple, and at the fame 
was incorporated in all the congregations of Rome. 
Benedict XIV. entrufted him with the moft important af¬ 
fairs, and in 1755 nominated him to the office of libra¬ 
rian of the Vatican. He exerted himfelfin augmenting 
the riches of this celebrated collection, and extended 
its ufefulnefs by his correfpondence. The Academy of 
Infcriptions and Belles-lettres chofe him in the fame year 
one of its foreign affociates. This cardinal died of an 
apoplexy in 1761, at the mature age of feventy-nine. 
He was juftly regarded as a great benefaftor to learn¬ 
ing, by the generous affiftance he afforded to its vota¬ 
ries, and the liberal communication of his literary 
treafures. He was himfelf a writer : he joined Fon- 
tanini in a revifion of The Liber diurnus Romano- 
rum Pontificum; and wrote fome Scriptural Paraphrafes 
and Tranflations, and a Funeral Oration on Prince Eu¬ 
gene. He alfo compiled the “ ACta Legationis Helveti¬ 
ca:,” folio, an ufeful guide to future nuncios. His ne¬ 
phew Benedict Paflionei publifhed at Lucca, in 1765, a 
volume 
