761 
P A S 
volume in folio, containing all the Latin and Greek in- 
fcriptions collected by this cardinal. Gen. Biog. 
PASS'IONLESS, udj. Not eafily moved to anger ; cool; 
undiflurbed.—An honeft, noble, wary, retired, and paf- 
JionleJ's, woman. Shelton's Don Quixote. —The drifter ex¬ 
amination of a now pajjionlefs judgement. Injlrufl. for 
Orator//. 
PASS'IR, a town on the eaft coaft of the ifland of Bor¬ 
neo, on a river which runs into the ftraits ot Macaffar, 
about 45 miles from its mouth, with two fathoms water. 
The town contains about 300 wooden houf<s, chiefly in¬ 
habited by merchants, who carry on a great deal of trade. 
The fultan, a Malay prince, has a houfe and wooden 
fort a little way from the river. Lat. 1.57.S. Ion. 116. 
10. E. 
PASS'IVE, aclj. [pajfif, Fr. paffivus, Lat.] Receiving 
imprefiion from fome external agent.—As the mind is 
wholly pafjive in the reception of all its Ample ideas, fo 
it exerts feveral afls of its own, whereby, out of its Am¬ 
ple ideas, the other is formed. Locke. —The vis inertias 
is a paffive principle by which bodies perflft in their mo¬ 
tion or reft, receive motion in proportion to the force im¬ 
prefling it, and refill as much as they are refilled : by this 
principle alone, there never could have been any motion 
in the world. Nation's Optics. 
_ High above the ground 
Their march was, and the pafjive air upbore 
Their nimble tread. Milton’s P.L. 
Unrefifting; not oppofing: 
Not tliofe alone, who , paffive, own her laws, 
But who, weak rebels, more advance her caufe. Pope. 
Suffering; notafling.— [I11 grammar.]—A verb paffive is 
that which flgnifle.s paflion r or the effect of aflion : as, 
doceor, I am taiight. Clarke’s Lat. Gram. 
Passive Obedience, a doflrine held by the non-ju¬ 
rors, or high-churchmen, who maintained, that it was 
never lawful for the people, under any provocation or 
pretext whatever, to refill their fovereign. This doflrine 
has been warmly oppoled by many, who think it both 
lawful and neceflary, in certain circumflances, and in 
cafes of an urgent and momentous nature, to refill the 
prince for the happinefs of the people. In the prefent 
advanced Hate of civil and religious liberty, this doctrine 
is now almoft exploded in our country. 
Passive Prayer, in the language of myftic divines, 
is a total fufpenlion of the intellectual faculties, in virtue 
whereof, the foul remains, of itfelf, and as to its own 
power, impotent with regard to the producing of any 
effects. The paflive (late, fays Fenelon, is only paflive 
in the famefenfe as contemplation is lo; i. e. it does not 
exclude peaceable diftnterefted acts, but only unquiet 
ones, or fuch as tend to our own interell. In the paflive 
flute, the foul has not properly any activity, any fenfa- 
t<ion of its own: it is a mere inAnite flexibility of the 
foul, to which the feeble!! impulfe of grace gives motion. 
Passive Verbs. The Englifh verbs become paflive, by 
taking the auxiliary verb / am, in lieu of £ have, with 
which the active are conjugated ; the French, by Je Jins, 
in lieu of J'ay ; the Italian, by IoJ'o, for Io ho, &c. La¬ 
tin verbs become paflive, by changing their terminations ; 
as amor for amo, See. amari for amare. See. Englifh 
verbs paflive are nothing elfe, in effect, but the verb I 
am in all its inflexions, joined to the participle paflive ; 
as, “ I am praifed;” in Latin laudor ; in French, Je ffuis 
h/ue\ “ I have been praifed,’’ J'ay St 6 lout, Laudcftus Jinn, 
See. 
Mr. Harris, who conflders all verbs, that are flriflly 
fo called, as energies, diftinguifhes active and paflive 
verbs in the following manner. Every energy, he fays, 
is naturally fituate between two fubftantives ; an ener¬ 
gizer, which is adtive, and a fubjebt, which is paflive. 
Hence then, if the energizer lead the fentence, the ener¬ 
gy follows its character, and becomes what we call a 
Vol. XVIII. No. 1280. 
PAS 
verb adlive. Thus we fay, Brutus amat, Brutus loves. 
On the contrary, if the paflive fubjedl he principal, it 
follows the charadter of this too; and becomes what we 
call a verb paflive. Thus we fay, Portia amutur, Portia 
is loved. 
PASS'IVELY, ado. With a paflive nature: 
Though fome are pajjively inclin’d. 
The greater part degenerate from their kind. Dryden. 
Without agency.—A man may not only pajjively and In¬ 
voluntarily be rejedted, but alfo may, by an adt of his 
own, cad out or rejedt himfelf. Pearjbn .— [In grammar.] 
According to the form of a verb paffive.—A verb neuter 
is englifhed fometimes adlively, as curro, I run ; and 
fometimes pajjively, as cegrolo, I am fick. I.illy. 
PASS'IVENESS, f. Quality of receiving impreflion 
from externaragents : 
You know a fpirit cannot wounded be, 
Nor wear fuch marks of human pajfivenej's. Beaumont. 
Fallibility; power of fuffering.—We fltall lofe our pa/. 
JiveneJ's with our being, and be as incapable of fuffering 
as heaven can make us. Decay oj' Chr. Piety. —Patience ; 
calmnefs.— Gravity and paffivene/s in children is not from 
diferetion, but phlegm. Fell. 
PASSIV'ITY, J] Paffivenefs.—An innovated word, 
Dr. Johnfon fays; citing only the authority of Cheyne. 
It had been in life long before Cheyne’s application of 
it, and has not been negledted fince. Todd. —From this 
pajjivity in the mines and gallies, to attain to a joy and 
voluptuoufnefs in the employment. Hammond. —Some 
things are lefs adtive and more paflive than others, are 
not fo capable of enjoyments deledtable unto others, and 
more fubjedl to impreflions diflalleful to their particular 
nature: which pdjjivities and difpleafure are not limply 
evils, becaufe they do fuit the degree of the particular 
natures of thofe fubjedts, being alfo ever overbalanced 
with other pleafing activities and enjoyments. Barrow on 
the Creed. —There being no mean between penetrability 
and impenetrability, between pajjivity and adlivity, thefe 
being contrary and oppolite, the infinite rarefadtion of 
the one quality is the poiition of its contrary. Cheyne’s 
Philof. Principles—Pajjivity can only in the order of na¬ 
ture be coufequent upon adlivity, as much as effedl can 
only be coufequent upon caufe. A. Baxter on the Soul. 
PASS'LESS: udj. Having no paflage: 
Behold what pafslefs rocks on either hand. 
Like prifon- walls about them Hand. Cowley. 
PAS'SO, a town of Portugal, in the province of Beira ; 
feven miles eaft-fouth-eal! of Lamego. 
PASSO'DI MOI'A, a town of Naples, in Capitanata 
feventeen miles weft-fouth-weft of Viefta. 
PASS'OVER, J. \pafs and over.'] A feafi inftituted 
among the Jews in memory of the time when God, fruit¬ 
ing the firfl-born of the Egyptians, puffed over the habi¬ 
tations of the Hebrews.—The Jews’ p/ffover was at hand, 
and Jefus went up. St. John, ii. 13^— The Lord’s paffover , 
commonly called Eafter, was ordered by the common 
law to be celebrated every year on a Sunday. Ayliffe’s 
Parergon. —The facrifice killed.—Take a lamb, and kill 
the ptffjver. F.xod. xii. 21. 
The paffover was celebrated on the fourteenth day of 
the moon next after the vernal equinox, or the 14th day 
of the firft month of the ecclefialtical year, which com¬ 
menced with the flight of the Ifraelites out of Egypt ; 
and which had the two names of Abib and Nifan. On 
the 14th day at even, the pafchal lamb was to be killed 
and eaten ; and from thence the feafi was to be kept feven 
days, till the 21ft. Fxod. xii. 6, 8, 15. Lev. xxiii. 5, 6. 
In the time of Jofhua, Samuel, Hezekiah, and Jofi.ah, 
and after the return from Babylon, it was kept with 
great care. See Jofh. v. 2. Chron xxx. 2 Kings xxiii. 
Ezra vi. 19. Perhaps, after the blood of the paffover- 
lambs came to be fprinkled on the altar, they no more 
9 H fprinkled. 
