P A S 
PAS 
763 
raj natural gems. Thefe are no way inferior to the na¬ 
tive (tones, when carefully made and well poiiflied, in 
brightnefs and transparence, but want their hardnefs. 
See the articles Gem and Glass, vol. viii. 
ToPA'STE, v. a. To fallen with pafte.— 3 y prjiing tiie 
vowels and confonants on the (ides of dice, his elded 
fon played himfelfinto fpelling. Locke. —Young creatures 
have learned their letters and fyllables, by having them 
pajled upon little flat tablets. Watts. 
PASTEBOARD, f\ A kind of thick paper, formed 
of feveral flieets palled together.—Tintoret made cham¬ 
bers of board and pafteboard, proportioned to his models, 
with doors and windows, through which he diftributed 
on his figures artificial lights. Dryden. 
There is alfo a coarfe kind of pafteboard, made of old 
paper and old pafteboard, beaten in a mortar with water, 
and reduced into a kind of pulp; to which is added a 
little pafte, to give the mafs a confidence ; after which it 
is formed into a mould, and, to finifn it, laid in a prefs, 
to fqueeze out all the water, and reduce it to its proper 
thicknefs. Each kind is dillingtiifhed by marks, which 
exprefs the finenefs and value; the fineft is covered on 
both fides with a very white fmooth paper ; others ojily 
on one fide; and others on both fides with common paper. 
The chief ufe of pafteboard is in the binding of books, 
and the making of letter-cafes, hat-cafes, &c. For the 
duty on pafteboard, fee the article Paver, p. 375. 
PA'STEBOARD, adj. Made of pafteboard.—Put filk- 
worms on whited brown paper into a ptjlcboard box. 
Mortimer. 
PAS'TEK, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the province 
of Diarbekir: fifty-fix miles weft-north-weft of Diar- 
feekir. 
PAS'TEL. ' See Pastil. 
PA'STERN, f. [p&turon, Fr.J That part of the leg of 
a liorfe between the fetlock, or joint next the foot, and 
the hoof,—This part fliould be fhort, efpecially in the 
sniddle-fized horfes; becaufe long pajlerns are weak, and 
cannot fo well endure travel. Chambers. 
Upright he walks on pajlerns firm.and ftraight; 
Xlis motions eafy, prancing in his gait. Dryden. 
The legs of a human creature, in contempt, Dr. John¬ 
son fays; citing the example from Dryden. Elder poe¬ 
try feems to exhibit the word for a patten.— --She had bet¬ 
ter have worn pajlerns. Beaitm. and FI. Chances, 
So ftraight fhe walk’d, and on her pajlerns high s 
if, feeing her behind, he lik’d her pace, 
Now. turning fhcrt, he better lik’d her face. Dryden, 
PA'STERN-JO'INT,/. The joint above the pattern. 
. -The pajlern-joint, after travelling, is very apt to be 
crowned; i. e. to have a fuelling round it, beneath the 
fein, in form of a circle, a third of an inch broad, Cham - 
fitrs, 
PASTIC'CIO, ft [Ital. a pie orpafty. j An oglio ; a 
jmedley.—On our firft entrance into the palace, which is 
H pajliccio of Saracenic, Conventual, and Grecian, archi¬ 
tecture, I was much taken with the principal front of the 
inner-court. Swinburne's Trav. through Spain —In mufic, 
30 opera made up of detached airs by different compofers, 
PAS'TIL, J'. [pajlillus, Eat. pajlilh, Fr.J A fort of 
pafte, made of feveral colours, ground up with gum-wa¬ 
ter, either together or feparately, in order to make 
crayons to paint with on paper or parchment,—To draw 
with dry colours, make long paJUls, by grinding red lead 
with ftrpng'wort, and fo roll them up like pencils, drying 
them in the fun, Pcacham on Drawing. 
Pastil is alfo ufed fora dry compofition, yielding a 
fragrant fcnell when burnt in a perfuming-pan, to clear 
and 1 'cent the air of a chamber. It is compofed of odo¬ 
rous refins, mixed with aromatic woods or drugs pulve- 
riled, and incorporated with mucilages of gum traga- 
panth. Some call thefe compofitions ojeleis of Cyprus. 
Rastjl, in coufeClionary, is a preparation of fugar 
with leroon-w&tcr, &<?.. boiled up with gum-water, 
drained, beat up, and, by the addition of more dry fu¬ 
gar, worked into a pliable pafte, and thus formed into 
round or oblong figures, and dried in a (love. 
PAS'TIME, f. Sport; amufement; diverfion. For a 
hiftory of ancient paftimes, in this and other countries, 
fee thearticle Game, vol. viii. p, 199-204. alfo Archery, 
vol. ii. London, vol. xiii. and May, vol. xiv.— Pajlimes 
of fome kind feem to be abfolutely necefiary, and to none 
more than to the man of ftudy; for the molt vigorous 
mind cannot bear to be always bent. Conftant applica¬ 
tion to one purfuit, if it deeply engage the.attention, is 
apt to unhinge the mind, and to generate madnefs ; of 
which the Don Quixote of Cervantes, and the aftrono- 
mer of Johnfon, are two admirably-conceived inftances. 
Such pajlimes or amufements, however, ought to be con- 
fidered only as necefiary relaxations from feverer and 
more ufeful employment; and, in this point of view, they 
may be innocently and even wifely purfued ; but they 
become criminal when they occupy the place of the bu- 
finefs of life. Envy. Brit. 
I’ll be as patient as a gentle ftream, 
And make a pajlime of each weary ftep, 
Till the laft ftep has brought me to my love. Shakefp. 
To PAS'TIME, v.n. To fport; to take paftime, 
Huloet. 
When did Perfeda pajlime in the ftreets, 
But her Eraltus over-ey’d her fport ? 
Soliman and Perfeda, 1599. 
PASTINA'CA, f. [faid by fome to be derived from 
pafco, Lat. to feed, or from pajtus, a pafture, on account 
of the nourifhing qualities of its roots, which are eaten 
by the poor. Linnaeus rather confidered the name as de¬ 
rived from pujlinum, a forked tool ufed in digging or 
planting vineyards, which the root of Paftinaca refem- 
bles.] The Parsnep; in botany, a genus of the clafs 
pentandria, order digynia, natural order of umbellate 
or umbellifens. Generic characters—Calyx: umbel 
univerfal, manifold, flat; partial manifold. Involucre: 
univerfal, none; partial none. Perianthium proper, ob- 
folete. Corolla : univerfal, uniform ; florets all fertile ; 
proper of five lanceolate, involute, entire, petals. Sta¬ 
mina : filaments five, capillary ; antherae roundifli. Pil- 
tillum : germ inferior. Styles two, reflex. Stigmas 
blunt. Pericarpium: none. Fruit comnrefled, fiat el¬ 
liptic, bipartile. Seeds two, elliptic, girt, round the 
edge, almoft flat on both fides.— EJJiutial Character. 
Fruit elliptic, comprelfed, flat; petals involute, entire. 
There are but three fpecies. 
s. Paftinaca lucida, or (hining-leaved parfnep : root- 
leaves Ample, cordate-lobate, (hining, acutely crenate : 
ftem-leaves ternal’e and pinnate; branch-leaves Ample, 
wedge fiiaped. Root biennial, thick, milky. Stem (tiff, 
ragged, grooved and angular, branched from the bottom, 
almoft the height of a man ; when cut, yielding a fetid, 
rue-like, whitilh, tenacious, gum. Branches numerous, 
panicled. Root-leaves cordate, of different fizes, feldom 
lobed, netted fcabrous, acutely crenate ; petiole angular 
above. The firft (or lower) ftem-leaves teniate, with 
the lateral leaflets feflile and obliquely-ovate, the end 
leaflet petioled, cordate, three-lobed or five-lobed. The 
fecond (or upper) ftem-leaves quinate (or pinnate with 
two pairs of lobe? and an odd one), but very like the 
others; the leaflets three inches long, with (harp notches 
terminating in a white point, but fometimes obliterated. 
The uppermoft leaves are quite Ample, cordate-ovate, 
lobed, like thefe of the fig. All the branch-leaves 
wedge-fhaped, quite entire from the bafe to the middle j 
thence to the tip acutely crenate, an inch long, on a pe¬ 
tiole of the fame length. Umbels very numerous, com¬ 
monly with ten rays; the principal one terminating the 
(lera 1 at the bafe of this are two, three, or four, branches, 
whence the top of the ftalk becomes as it were pro~ 
lifer offs, Seed fuborbiculate, about three Sines in dia¬ 
meter, • ■ 
According 
