120 
PATHO 
uie of acids, preparations of opium, and pills of tobacco; 
but nothing diminifhed his appetite and his gluttony. 
He went about the flaughter-houfes and bye-places, to 
difpute with dogs and wolves the mod difgufting ali¬ 
ments. The fervants of the hofpital furprifed him drink¬ 
ing the blood of patients who had been bled, and in the 
dead-room devouring the bodies. A child fourteen 
months old difappeared fuddenly; fearful fufpicion.s fell 
on Tarare ; they drove him from the hofpital. M. Percy 
loll fight of him for four years : at the end of this time 
he faw Tarare at the civil hofpital at Verfailles, where he 
was perifhing in a tabid Hate. This difeafe had put a 
If op to his gluttonous appetite. He at length died in a 
Hale of confumption, and worn out by a purulent and 
fetid diarrhoea, which announced a general fuppurntion of 
the vifcera of the abdominal cavity. His body, as foon 
as he was dead, became a prey to an horrible corruption. 
The entrails were putrefied, confounded together, and 
immerfed in pus : the liver was excefiively large, void of 
confidence, and in a putrefcent Hate; the gall-bladder 
was of confiderable magnitude; the ilomach, in a lax 
ftate, and having ulcerated patches difperfed about it, 
covered almoft the whole of the abdominal region. The 
flerlch of the body was fo infupportable, that M. Telfier, 
chief furgeon of the hofpital, could not carry his invelti- 
gation to any further extent. 
Tarare was of a middle-fized ftature; his habit of body 
was weak and flender ; he was not of a ferocious l'pirit; 
his look was timid; the little hair he had preferved, al¬ 
though very young, was very fair, and extremely fine. 
His cheeks were fallow, and furrowed by long and deep 
wrinkles : on diftending them, lie could hold in them as 
many as a dozen eggs or apples. His mouth was very 
large ; he had hardly any lips; he had all his teeth ; the 
molares were much worn, and the colour of their enamel 
ftreaked like marble ; the fpace between the jaws, when 
they were fully feparated, meafured about four inches : 
in this ftate, with the head inclined backwards, the 
mouth and cefophagus formed a reCtilinear canal, into 
which a cylinder of a foot in circumference could be in¬ 
troduced without touching the palate. Tarare, fays M. 
Percy, was conftantly covered with fweat; and from his 
body, always burning hot, a vapour arofe, fenfible to the 
fight, and (till more fo to the fmell. He often ftank to 
fuch a degree, that he could not be endured within the 
diftance of twenty paces. He was fubjeCt to a flux from 
the bowels ; and his dejections were fetid beyond all con¬ 
ception. When he had not eaten copioufly within a fhort 
time, the (kin of his belly would wrap almoft round his 
bod}^. When he was well fatiated with food, the vapour 
from his body increafed, his cheeks and his eyes became 
of a vivid red ; a brutal fomnolence, and a fort of hebi- 
tude, came over him while he digefted. He was in this 
ftate troubled with noify belchings; and made, in moving 
his jaw, fome motions like thole of deglutition. M. 
Percy never faw in him any figns of rumination. Tarare 
was almoft devoid of force and of ideas. When he had 
eaten to a moderate extent, and his hunger only ap- 
peafed, he was quick and aCtive ; he was heavy and lleepy 
only when he had eaten to excefs. 
Another cafe, very fimilar to the above, was brought 
into view about the fame time at Liverpool that the firft 
was at Paris; and the lubjeCt of it was alfo a foldier in 
the French fervice. This cafe is recorded in the article 
Hunger, vol. ix. 
I hele are our modern inftances. A few' ancient ones, 
to which fome of our readers may perhaps not give full 
credit, are related under the word Gluttony, vol. viii. 
The writer of the article Medicine in the Ency. Brit, 
has obferved, that the pylorus being too large has l'ome- 
times caufed this difeafe. We need not remark on the 
abfurdity of this fuppofition ; becaufe every thing we 
know of thefe cafes evidently fhows that the digeftion of 
food is properly performed, a fad quite incompatible with 
She idea that the pylorus lets the food pafs too quickly. 
LOGY. 
In that cafe, indeed, the food would pafs almoft un¬ 
changed, and the ftools would of courfe be unnatural, 
and in large quantity; appearances actually the reverfe 
of thofe we have derailed. It is but juftice, however, to 
ftate, that in lientery, a difeafe in which much food is 
taken, this conformation has been difcovered. 
7. L. exhauftorum, or voracity from exhauftion, as 
in the event of long abftinence, fevers, or exceftive dif- 
charge. This can only be coniidered as a natural phe¬ 
nomenon rendered more manifelt by its exciting caufes 
being longer or more intenfely applied. It affords us an 
opportunity of remarking on the danger of gratifying 
the appetite to its full extent after long abftinence, from 
whatever caufe it may.be produced. After long fading, 
indeed, fo many have been the fatal inftances that have 
occurred from a full meal, that it is now popularly 
known and guarded againft. After recovery from fevers 
and other exhaufting affeCtions, in which for a long pe¬ 
riod little or no fuftenance has been taken, the fame rule 
fhould in a minor degree be retained; but this regulation 
is not praCtifed even by our profeffional brethren, who 
are often found to prefcribe tonics and flimulants on the 
recovery of patients from febrile affections. The fame 
regard to quality is perhaps equally eftential; but, as the 
dietetic arrangements of convalefceuts, will be fully 
treated of, and as no very great errors are commonly 
committed on this bead, we ftiall pafs it over, leaving as 
a general direction, the precept of Horace— 
Nil nifi lene decet 
Vacuis committere venis. 
a. Limofis expers ; lofs or want of appetite, without any 
other apparent affeCtion of the ftomach. This is the ge¬ 
nus Anorexia of Sauvages, Linnaeus, Vogel, Sagar, and 
Cullen. Sauvages has thirteen 1 'pecies, which would 
here rank as varieties, but which, as Cullen juftly ob- 
ferves, belong rather to the genus (in the prefent fyftem, 
fpecies) of dyfpepfy. The following have perhaps a fair 
claim to be noticed. 
a. L. defefforum; from too great fatigue, or the ex¬ 
pectation being w'orn out by delay. 
( 3 . L. pathematica; from violent paflion or other ab- 
forption of the mind. This is chiefly produced by fevere 
grief, terror, ardent defire of obtaining an objeCt of pur- 
fuit, or religious enthufiafm. Of the firft we have an in- 
terefting cale by Dr. Eccles, in the Edinburgh Medical 
Effays for 1720, of a young lady about fixteen years of 
age, who, in confequence of the ludden death of an in¬ 
dulgent father, was thrown into a ftate of tetanus, or ri¬ 
gidity of all the mufcles of the body, and efpecially of 
thofe of deglutition, accompanied with a total lofs of 
defire for food, as well as incapacity of fwallowing it, 
for two long and diftinCl periods of time : in the firft in- 
ftance for thirty-four, and in the fecond, which occurred 
fliortly afterwards, for fifty-four, days; “all which time 
(obferves the writer) of her firft and fecond fallings, (he 
declared (he had no fenfe of hunger or thirft ; and, when 
they were over, (lie had not loft much of her flelh.” Sau¬ 
vages alludes to a fimilar effeCt produced by religious ma¬ 
nia, and nymphomania. Nofol. ii. p. 805. 
7. L. protraCla; enabling the fyftem to fuftain almoft 
total abftinence for a long and indefinite time without 
faintnefs. As gluttony, or a defire to be perpetually 
eating, may be acquired by habit, fo may falling. The 
appetite of hunger feems, from various cafes, almoft as 
capable of being triumphed over as other appetites, and 
the body of being nourilhed by a very trifling quantity 
of food, and for many weeks, perhaps months, even by 
water alone. See Marcardier in Journal de Medecine, 
tom. xxxiii. Schenck, lib. iii. obf. 39. Waldfchmid, 
Diff. de his qui diu vivunt fine alimento. 
One of the beft-known and belt-marked examples in 
our own day, is that of Anne Moore of Tutbury. She 
was fufficiently afcertained to be a grofs impoftor, in 
pretending to be able to live without any food whatever: 
but 
