298 PATHOLOGY. 
cavity, in confequence of a rupture of the coats of the the found parts, and the progrefs of the difeafe arretted, 
artery. „ And in fome cafes, where the ulceration was very flow, 
y. A. varicofum, varicofe aneurifm : tumour protrafl- and unaccompanied by much.inflammation, the internal 
ed : pulfating through a fuperincumbent and dilated ufe ot arfenic has been found beneficial; a circumftance, 
vein from an injury common to both. For the treatment which has probably given rife to the opinion, that can- 
of thefe three varieties, fee Surgery. cer has been cured by that mineral. In three or four 
S. A. cardiogmus: obtufe intumefcence and conftant lefs fevere cafes of lupous tubercles in the face, which 
difquiet of the prtecordia; with a fenfe of internal weight had made no progrefs towards ulceration, I have leen the 
and puliation increafed on the fmalleft motion. See folution of muriate of barytes, taken internally, mata- 
Curditis of this article. rially amend the complaint. Bateman, p. 299. Thedif- 
2. Exangia varix: foft livid tumour of a vein. See eafe is faid to have been cured in fome inftances (vide 
Surgery. Med. Journal, vol. xv.) by carbonate of iron. 
Genus XIV. Gangrana, [from ypouvu, to feed upon.] 
Gangrene; the death of a portion of the body, while the 
relt continues alive, and oftpi in a found ftate. There 
are four fpecies. 
1. Gangrsena fphacelus, mortification : the dead part 
foft, moift, corrupt, and highly offenlive. Divided into, 
cl. G. induftus, which is preceded by fever, inflamma¬ 
tion, local violence, or other exhaufting power. 
( 3 . G. atonicus ; the refult of old age or other debility. 
2. Gangrsena necrofis, dry gangrene: the dead part 
dry, flirivelled, hard, and dulky. Two varieties here alfo. 
cl. G. albida, white gangrene: retaining the natural 
colour of the flelh. 
@. Difcolor: the natural colour changed to livid, or a 
mixture of hues. 
3. Gangrsena caries : the dead part originating in, or 
extending to, a portion of the fubjacent bone. 
4. Gangrsena uftilaginea, mildew-mortification, or er¬ 
got: gangrene dry, diffufe, divergent; commencing in 
the extremities without fever or intumefcence, and 
fpreading till various limbs drop off in fucceflion : great 
hebetude of mind and body ; often with violent fpafms. 
See the article Surgery. 
Genus XV. Ulcus, [ehxo;, derived by Euftathius from 
s\y.u, traho , as though dijtraho, hereby producing a Auau; 
o-vi/svsia?, or in the phrafe of modern times, which is a 
literal rendering of the Greek, “ folution of continuity.”] 
Ulcer; a purulent or ichorous fore produced by the re¬ 
paration of a dead part. There are five fpecies. 
1. Ulcus incarnans: healthy, purulent, and granulat- 
ing. 
2. Ulcus vitiofum : with a vitiated furface and fecre- 
tion. Three varieties. 
a. Callofum: the edges indurated and retraced. 
| 3 . Spongiofum ; with fungous or fpongy excrefcences. 
y. Cancrofum : with a hard, livid, lancinating, irregu¬ 
lar, fetid, and frequently bleeding, tumour at its bafe. 
3. Ulcus finuofum : communicating with the neigh¬ 
bouring parts by one or more wunding channels. Di¬ 
vided into, 
a.. Recens: the channel frelh, and yielding. 
P. Fiftulofum : channel indurated, and of longer Hand¬ 
ing* For the treatment of thefe three fpecies, and their 
varieties, we mutt refer to the article Surgery. 
4. Ulcus tuberculofum, lupus, or noli me tangere: with 
tuberculous excrefcences, lobed by ragged and fpreading 
ulcerations : chiefly about the alas of the noftrils. 
This is a very rare but formidable difeafe. Very little 
is known as to its nature or treatment. It is a flow tu¬ 
bercular affeffion, affeiRing the nofe, lips, or other parts 
of the face, or trunk of the body. It commonly ends in 
ragged ulcerations, which gradually deftroy the fkin and 
niulcular parts to a confiderable depth. Sometimes the 
difeafe appears in the cheek circularly, or in the form of 
a fort of ring-worm, deftroying the fubftance, and leaving 
a deep and deformed cicatrix : and Dr. Bateman has Teen 
a fimilar circular patch of the difeafe, dilating itfelf at 
length to the extent of a hand-breadth or more, upon the 
pectoral mufcle. 
“ By furgical means, i. e. by the knife or the cauftic, 
a reparation has fometimes been made of the morbid from 
5. Ulcus cariofus, (Caries, Sauv, Linn. Cullen, See.) 
Ulcer extending into the fubftance of the fubjacent bone. 
If the ulceration extends to the medulla, it is often called 
“arthrocace.” 
Class IV. NEUROTICA, [from nv(pov, a nerve.] 
Diseases of the Nervous Function. 
Order I. Phrenica, [from the mind.] Affefling 
the Intelledf. Error, perverfion, or debility, of one or 
more of the mental faculties. This order contains fix 
genera. 
Genus I. Ecphronia, [from ex, out of, and (ppnv, the 
mind.] Infanity. Generic characters—Difeafed percep¬ 
tion, with little difturbance of the judgment, occafion- 
ally (hifting into difeafed judgment, with little diftur¬ 
bance of the perception; diminiftied fenfibility; irregu¬ 
lar remiflions. There are two very diftimSt fpecies. 
1. Ecphronia melancholia, melancholy: the difcrepancy 
between the perception and the judgment limited to a 
Angle objeft, or train of ideas; for the moft part with ta¬ 
citurnity, love of folitude, gloomy fear, or fufpicion. 
Four varieties. 
a.. M. attonita : fixed, mute, immoveable, melancholy. 
( 3 . M. errabunda : roving, reftlefs, melancholy; having 
a conftant defire to change the abode. 
y. M. malevolens : morofe or mifehievous melancholy ; 
occafionally terminating in fuicide, or the injury of 
others. 
S. M. complacens : felf-complacent and affable melan¬ 
choly; occafionally rejoicing in a vifionary fuperiority 
of rank, ftation, or endowments. 
See, for examples of this laft variety, Ilor. Sat. iv. Ep. 
ii. 2. But of this modification one of the beft examples 
that has ever been drawn, fays Dr. Mafon, “is that of 
Don Quixote, taken unqueftionably from real life. This 
variety is connected with all the reft in the leading fpe- 
cific character of the difcrepancy between the perception 
and the judgment being limited to a Angle objeft or 
train of ideas; but it differs from them by the intermix¬ 
ture of a certain degree of eparfis, or fentimental eleva¬ 
tion, which deftroys the common tendency to tacitur¬ 
nity, folitude, and gloomy apprehenfion.” 
The more common caufes of the difeafe as a fpecies 
are falfe views of religion 5 fevere difappointment; long¬ 
ing after one’s native country and friends; and conti¬ 
nued grief. 
2. Ecphronia mania, madnefs : the difcrepancy be¬ 
tween the perception and the judgment general; raving; 
entony; and empafiioped emotion. Four varieties. 
cl. M. ferox : furious and violent madnefs. 
( 3 . M. exultans : gay and elevated madnefs. 
y. M. defpondens: gloomy defpondent madnefs. The 
defpondent cafes-are more dangerous than thofe of hila¬ 
rity. 
S. M. demens: chaotic madnefs. 
We fhall now proceed to give Dr. Good’s arrangement 
of the remainder of this order; without any intention, 
however, of following our nofologift into an account of 
the nature or treatment of mental difeafes. Indeed 
much as we refpedt the talents of Dr. Good, we cannot 
help fmiling at his love of nofology when we find that 
mufing, joy, jealoufy, and even love, are ftyled difeafes. 
