352 
PATHO 
Another mode of curing cutaneous difeafes is by exciting 
a function vicarious to that of the fkin, as the urine by 
means of diuretics. As an adjunCt, the foothing of the 
irritable feelings of the affeCted ftrudture by anodynes 
and baths is on many occafions required. This genus 
has only one fpecies, namely 
Exanthefis rofeola, rofe-ralh: efflorefcence in blufli- 
ing patches, gradually deepening to a rofe-colour, moftly 
circular or oval; often alternately fading and reviving; 
fometimes with a colourlefs nucleus: chiefly on the 
cheeks, neck, or arms. 
This difeafe is merely fymptomatic of a little feverifti- 
nefs of the fyftem ; and goes off fpontaneoufly, oratleaft 
eafily difappears under the ufe of a few gentle purges. 
It is mentioned in this place, lefs on account of its im¬ 
portance, than becaufe it is liable, in fome of its forms, 
to be confounded with fome of the Exanthemata. Fig. 
4, 5, and 6, on the Plate V. difplay the varieties of this 
eruption. Fig. 4 is th efummer rofe-rtjh, a ralh attended 
with much itching and tingling, chiefly occupying the 
neck and Ihoulders, and of a rofeate hue : it goes off on 
the fifth day. Fig. 5. the autumnal rofe-rcjh, occurs 
chiefly in autumn ; is of damalk-rofe-colour, appears 
chiefly on the arms, defquamates in about a week, 
and is attended with little itching or general diforder. 
Fig. 6 the Rofeola annulata of Bateman, fo called from 
its ring-like form, and appearing occafionally in every 
part of the body, is attended with fever when its dura¬ 
tion is fhort, but with none when it lalts a long time. 
In the chronic form, the rednefs is not very marked till 
the evening, when a good deal of itching and tingling 
come on. 
Genus III. Exorniia, [from sfop/zaw, to break out.] Pa¬ 
pulae, or pimples. Generic characters—Small acuminated 
elevations of the cuticle; not containing a fluid, nor 
tending to fuppuration ; commonly terminating in fcurf. 
There are four fpecies. 
■ 1. Exormia ftrophulus : eruption of red pimples in 
early infancy, chiefly about the face, neck, and arms ; 
furrounded by a reddilh halo ; or interrupted by irregu¬ 
lar plots of cutaneous blufli. Five varieties. 
oc. Strophulus intertinCius, red gum: pimples bright-red; 
diftinCt,intermixed with lligmata, and red patches; ufually 
on the cheeks, fore-arms, and backs of the hands, but 
fometimes fpreading over the body. The repulfion of 
this eruption is dangerous ; but, fliould this happen, it 
may be counteracted by warm bathing; a meafure gene¬ 
rally ufeful. 
( 3 . S. albidus, white gum: pimples minute, hard, 
whitifh; furrounded by a reddilh halo. 
7. S. confertus, tooth-ralh, or rank red gum: pimples 
red, of different lizes ; crowding or in clufters; the larger 
furrounded by a red halo; occafionally fucceeded by a 
frelh crop. 
S. volaticus: pimples deep-red, in circular patches 
or clutters ; clufters lometimes folitary on each arm or 
cheek ; more generally flying from part to part. 
£. S. Candidas : pimples large, glabrous, thining; of a 
lighter hue than the Ik in : without halo or blufli. 
The three laft varieties are fliovvn on Plate VI. fig. 1. 
as they appear on the face, on the fore-arm, and on the 
arm. The fpecies, indeed, like the preceding, is not 
confidered of much confequence in praCtice; but is de- 
fcribed and delineated on account of its occafional fimi- 
larity to fome of the Exanthems. 
2. Exormia lichen: eruption dift'ufe; pimples red; 
troublefome fenfe of tingling or pricking. Seven varie¬ 
ties ; of which a, 7, and |, are the fubjeCts of the remain¬ 
ing figures of Plate VL 
a. Lichen fimplex, (fee fig. 2. Plate VI.) General irri¬ 
tation, fometimes a few febrile fymptoms at the com¬ 
mencement ; tingling aggravated during the night; 
pimples beginning on the face and arms; afterwards 
Scattered over the whole body; thefe fade and defqua- 
L O G Y. 
mate in about a week, except ip the flexures of the 
joints. 
( 3 . L. pilaris: pimples limited to the roots of the hair; 
defquamate after ten days : often alternating with com¬ 
plaints of the head or ltomach. Only a modification of 
the foregoing. 
7. L. circumfcriptus, (fig. 3.) pimples in clufters or 
patches of irregular forms, appearing in fucceffion over 
the trunk and limbs; fometimes coalefcing ; occafionally 
reviving in fuccefiive crops, the old ones decaying as the 
new ones arife; and perfevering for fix or eight weeks. 
Little medicinal treatment is neceffary for thefe varie¬ 
ties of Lichen. It is fufiicient that patients avoid heating 
themfelves by much exercifeor by ftimulants, and take a 
light diet, with diluent drinks, and a gentle laxative oc¬ 
cafionally. The diluted fulphuric acid is a grateful 
tonic to the ftomach during the period of exfoliation ; or 
a light chalybeate may be taken with advantage at the 
fame period. All ftrong external applications are impro¬ 
per, efpecially preparations of mercury and of.fulphur, 
which produce fevere irritation. The ancients recom¬ 
mended that the parts fliould be fmeared every morn¬ 
ing with faliva; and fome demulcent lotion, as a fubfti- 
tute for this uncleanly expedient, prepared with the 
white of egg, or emulfion of almonds, will relieve the 
painful fenfations of the patient. Lotions of lime-water, 
or of liquor ammoniae acetatis much diluted, occafionally 
alfo afford relief. 
L. lividus : pimples dark-red or livid ; chiefly fcat- 
tered over the extremities ; defquammation at uncertain 
periods, fucceeded by frefli crops, often perfevering for 
feveral months. Its affinity with the Purpura is evinced 
by the intermixture of petechias with the papulae; and 
by the fimilarity of the origin and requifite treatment of 
the two difeafes. 
a. L. tropicus, prickly heat: pimples bright-red, fize 
of a fmall pin’s head ; heat, itching, and pricking as of 
needles; fometimes fuddenly difappearing, and producing 
ficknefs or other internal affeCtion; relieved, by the re¬ 
turn of a frefli crop. It attacks newfettlers in the Weft 
Indies, and other warm regions, and leaves them in a few 
weeks when inured to the climate. 
Many authors have cautioned us againft the repulfion 
of the eruptidn by cold. The experienced Johnfon ob- 
ferves, however, that he never found it poffible to repel 
it by even cold bathing ; and feems to think that the 
idea is vilionary. The fame author obferves as to its 
treatment, that he found no benefit from external appli¬ 
cations, though he ufed many kinds. “ In ihort, (fays he,) 
the only means which I ever faw productive of any good 
effedt in mitigating its violence, till the conftitution got 
aftimilated to the climate, were, light clothing, temper¬ 
ance in eating and drinking, avoiding all exercife in the 
heat of the day, open bowels, and laft, not leaft, a deter¬ 
mined refolution to refill with ftoical apathy its firft at¬ 
tacks. To fit quiet and unmoved under its prefl'ure is 
undoubtedly no eafy talk; but, if we can only mufterup 
fortitude enough to bear with patience the firft few mi¬ 
nutes of the affault, without being routed into motion, 
the enemy, like the foiled tiger, will generally fneak off, 
and leave us victorious for the time.” 
£. L. ferus, (fig. 4.) pimples in clufters or patches of a 
high red colour, and furrounded with a red halo ; the 
cuticle growing gradually harfh, thickened and chappy; 
often preceded by general irritation and fever ; coldnefs, 
fhivering, and cephalalgia, being ufually the firft fymp¬ 
toms oblervable. Tingling and itching are troublefome 
fymptoms in this complaint: they undergo daily remif- 
fions, and are much increafed by exercife, wafliing, &c. 
This variety is apt to terminate in Impetigo. 
The treatment of this lichen confifts in adminiftering, 
at firft, fome moderate laxatives, mercurial orfaline, and 
afterwards, for fome time, the diluted fulphuric acid, 
three times a-day, in the infuflon of roles, or decoCtion 
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