PATHOLOGY. 363 
S. Sc. complicata ; (Sc. cache&ica, Bateman .) Compli¬ 
cated itch : eruption complicated of puflular, veficular, 
and papular, pimples co-exifting ; fpreading widely over 
the body; occafionally invading the face ; fometimes con¬ 
fluent and blotchy. 
e. Sc. exotica, mangy itch ; (fee fig. 4.) eruption chiefly 
of numerous rank puftules, with a hard inflamed bafe, 
rendering the fkin rough and brownilh: itching extreme: 
abrafion unlimited from exceflive fcratching. This is 
produced by handling mangy animals. Several of the 
varieties found alfo, occafionally, as fequels upon fevere 
fmall-pox, or other caufes of conftitutional debility. 
It was formerly fuppofed that the prefence of a minute 
infeCt under the fkin was the caufe of Scabies ; it is now 
generally underdood, that, though this infeCt is fome¬ 
times feen, it is fo often wanting that it can merely be 
adventitious. We have given a defcription and figure of 
it under the article Acarus, vol. i. p. 51. 
Sulphur is a fpecific for the cure of itch. There is 
good reafon to believe* however, that it is not the only 
fpecific. Be this as it may, it is the mod effectual and 
innocent fubdance we know of. It is ufually given in 
milk internally, and ufed externally as an ointment. The 
bed mode of applying the fulphur appears to be, to make 
an ointment of three parts of lard to one of fulphur,which 
may be fcented by any thing that is mod agreeable. 
This is to be mod diligently rubbed in before the fire 
at night; and the patient, having a linen drefs prepared 
which mud fit clofe to the fkin, is to put it on, get into 
bed, and remain there till the following night, when the 
friCtion is to be refumed. Another night being fpent in 
bed, the patient is faid to arife, in mod cafes, perfectly 
free.from the Scabies. If however the eruption is not 
much improved in its appearance, the fame procefs mud 
be repeated. The above plan is given on the authority 
of one of the fird practitioners in this city. 
In the feverer and more complicated forms of itch, it 
may fometimes be neceffary to premife conditutional 
treatment, and fedative applications to the fore furface, 
before the adtninidration of fulphur is begun upon ; and, 
even then, this precaution fliould be taken fome time prior 
to its external ufe. 
Genus VII. Malis, [Gr. from the Heb. to lay 
eggs.] Cutaneous Vermination ; the cuticle, or fkin, in- 
feded with animalcules. There are five fpecies, and nu¬ 
merous varieties. 
1. Malis pediculi, loufinefs: cuticle infeded with lice, 
depofiting their nits or eggs at the roots of the hair: 
troublefome itching. Two varieties. 
a. P. humani: infeded with the common loufe; chiefly 
inhabiting the head of uncleanly children, where it pro¬ 
duces a greafy fcurf, or other filth ; and fometimes exul¬ 
ceration and porrigo: occafionally migrates over the 
bod}'. 
IS. P. pubis. “ Infeded with the morpio, or crab-loufe; 
found chiefly on the groins and eye-brows of uncleanly 
men : itching extreme, without ulceration.” Dedroyed 
by mercurial ointments. 
2. Malis pulicis, flea-bites : cuticle infeded with fleas ; 
often penetrating the cutis with their brifily probofcis, 
and exciting pungent pain ; eggs depofited on or under 
the cuticle. Two varieties. 
a. P. irritantis; infeded with the common flea, with a 
probofcis fhort.er than the body : eggs depofitc-d on the 
roots of the hair and on flannel. 
( 2 . P. penetrantis, chiggers: infeded with the chigoe, 
or Wed-Indian flea, with a probofcis as long as the body: 
often penetrating deeply into the fkin, and lodging its 
eggs under the cuticle, particularly of the feet: produc¬ 
ing malignant, occafionally fatal, ulcers. The chigoe re¬ 
quires careful extraftion. 
3. Malis acari: cuticle infeded with the tick; itching 
ha raffing, often with fmarting pain. Three varieties. 
Vol. XIX. No. 1309. 
a. A. domedici. “ Obferved on the head in confider- 
able numbers." Young. 
/ 3 . A. fcabiei. Infeded with the itch-tick: burrowing 
under the cuticle, in or near the pudules or veficles of 
the fcabies, in thofe affeCted. 
y. A. autumnalis, harved-bug-bite: infeded with the 
harved-bug; lefs in fize than the common mite; inflict¬ 
ing its bite in the autumn, and firmly adhering to the 
fkin : itching intolerable, fucceeded by gloffy wheals. 
4. Malis filariae : fkin infeded with the guinea-worm ; 
winding and burrowing under the cuticle, for the mod 
part, of the naked feet of Wed-Indian (laves ; fevere itch¬ 
ing; often fucceeded by inflammation and fever. See 
Filaria, vol. vii. 
5. Malis' gordii: fkin infeded with the hair-worm ; 
chiefly infinuating itfelf under the cuticle of the back or 
limbs of infants; producing pricking pains, emaciation, 
at times convulfions. See Gordius, vol. viii. 
“Though defcribed by writers of great credit, the na¬ 
ture of the difeafe is uncertain. By fome authors the 
contained fibrils feem to be regarded as a preternatural 
production of hairs ; but the greater number, and among 
the red Ambrofe Pare, decidedly afcribe to them a living 
principle. It appears therefore to be a fpecies of the 
Gordius, or hair-worm; fome of which infed other ani¬ 
mals in a like manner; and efpecially the Cyprinus al- 
burnus, or bleak, which, at the time, appears to be in 
great agony." Good’s Nofology, p. 496. 
Genus VIII. Eephyma, [from extpva, to draw out; 
in contradidinCtion both to Phyma, an inflammatory tu¬ 
mour, and Emphyma, a tumour without inflammation, 
originating below the integuments.] Cutaneous excrel- 
cence ; fuperficial, permanent, indolent, extuberance ; 
moflly circumfcribed. (Phymatofis, Young.) Four fpe¬ 
cies. 
1. Eephyma caruncula, caruncle: foft, flefhy, often 
pendulous excrefcence of the common integument. 
Found over the furface generally. Found alfo, occa¬ 
fionally, as a fequel of lues, about the arms and fex- 
ual organs. It derives, in many indances, a particular 
name from its fliape, or pofition ; as ficus, when fig or 
raifin fhaped ; cncanthis, when feated on the cantluis 01- 
angle of the eye. 
2. Eephyma verruca, wart: firm, harfli, arid, infenfible 
extuberanceof the common integuments. Found chiefly 
on the hands. Three varieties. 
&. V. fimplex; Ample and difiinCt: feffile or penfile. 
( 3 . V. lobofa; full of lobes and fiffures. 
y. V. confluens; in coalefcing cluders. 
Warts may, according as they are large or fmall, be 
dedroyed by cauflic, ligature, or the knife. When the 
latter is ufed, candic mud be applied for fome time after, 
to dedroy the roots of the morbid growth. Warts, as 
Dr. Good tells us, are dedroyed in Sweden by the Gryllus 
verrucivorus, or wart-eating grafshopper, which has 
green wings fpotted with brown. The common people 
catch it for this purpofe; and it is faid to operate by bit¬ 
ing off the excrefcence, and difeharginga corrofive liquor 
on the wound. 
3. Eephyma clavus, corn : roundifh, horny, cutaneous, 
extuberance; with a central nucleus fenfible at its bafe. 
Found chiefly on the feet and toes from the prefiure of 
ill-formed (hoes. 
The mod efficient way to dedroy a corn is to remove 
the exciting caufe ; viz. prefiure. This, however, is no 
eafy matter; becaufe all fhoes at prefent made are quite 
of an oppofite form to the natural figure of the human 
foot; and, if large fhoes be worn for a time, they only 
aggravate the didrefs that enfues when a tight one is put 
on. Frequent bathing with warm water affords great re¬ 
lief to the tineafy fenfations of a corn; and, when well 
foaked, the top of the corn, which, from its projection, 
of courfe renders the prefiure on it greater, may be cut 
5 A off. 
