374 
'P A T 
other fubordinate; the iron is the patient, or the fubjefit 
of paflion, in a philofophical fenfe, becaufe it receives the 
operation of the agent. Watts's Logick. 
To proper patients he kind agents brings, 
In various leagues binds difagreeing things. Creech. 
A perfon difeafed. It is commonly ufed of the relation 
between the fick and the phyiician.—Through ignorance 
of the difeafe, through unreafonablenefs of the time, in- 
ftead of good he worketh hurt, and out of one evil throvv- 
eth the patient into many miferies. Spenfer. — It is fome- 
times, but rarely, ufed abfolutely for a lick perfon.—It is 
wonderful to obferve, how inapprehenfive thefe patients 
are of their difeafe, and backward to believe their cafe is 
dangerous. Blackmcre. 
Nor will the raging fever’s fire abate 
With golden canopies or beds of ftate ; 
But the poor patient will as foon be found 
On the hard matrefs or the mother ground. Dryden. 
To PA'TIENT, v. a. [patienter, Fr."j To compofe one’s 
felf; to behave with patience. Olfolete.—Patient your- 
felf, good maker friar, quoth he, and be not angry. 1 ?o- 
hinfon's Tr. of Move's Utopia, 1551.— Patient yourfelf, 
madam, and pardon me. Titus Anclronicus. 
PATIEN'TIA, f in botany. See Rumex patienta. 
PATIEN'TIA, (Straits of,) a channel of the Eaftern 
Indian Sea, between the ifland of Bachian and the fouth 
coaft of Gilolo. 
PA'TIENTLY, adv. Without rage under pain or af¬ 
fliction.— Patiently refign what juftly thou haft loft. 
Milton's P. L. 
Ned in the gout 
Lies rack’d with pain, and you without, 
How patiently you hear him groan ! 
How glad the cafe is not your own. Swift. 
Without vicious impetuofity ; with calm diligence.— 
Could men but once be perfuaded patiently to attend to 
the dictates of their own minds, religion w'ould gain more 
prolelytes. Calamy's Sermons. 
PA'TIENTNESS,^/! The ftate or quality of being pa¬ 
tient. 
PATIGU'MO, f. [a corruption of the French words 
pate dc gtiimauve .] The name of a fort of palte or cakes 
much ufed on the continent as an agreeable and ufeful re¬ 
medy for catarrhal defiuxions ; and fuppofed by Dr. Per- 
cival to confift: of gum-arabic combined with fugar, the 
whites of eggs, and the powdered fubftance of the marfli- 
mailow, guimanve. 
PATI'MA,_/i [fo named by Aublet from its Caribean 
name, Patima-rana.'] In botany, a genus of the clafs 
pentandria, order monogynia, natural order of rubi- 
aceoe, Jujf. Generic characters—Calyx : perianthium fu- 
perior, of one leaf, the limb with about five incifions. 
Corolla and ftamina unknohvn. Piftillum: germen infe¬ 
rior, firmly united to the bottom of the calyx ; ftyle and 
ftigma wanting. Pericarpium : berry green, roundifh, 
crowned with the margin of the calyx, of four, five, or 
fix, cells. Seeds numerous, very fmall, imbedded in foft 
pulp .—j Ejfential Character. Calyx fuperior, almoft entire, 
of fix obtufe angles ; berry crowned by the calyx, moftly 
five-celled, many feeded. 
Patima Guianenfis, the only fpecies known, is a native 
of low marftiy places in Guiana, bearing fruit in May. 
Root perennial. Stems numerous, fltrubby, ereCt, three 
feet high, tubular, cylindrical. Leaves oppofite, on long 
ftaiks, very large, ovate-oblong, acute, fmooth, entire. 
Fruit axillary, confining of green berries, on longilh foli- 
tary ftaiks. Aublet's Guiana, vol. i. p. 197. 
PAT'I^. See Paten. 
PA'TIN (Guy), a French phyfician diftinguiflied for 
his wit and learning, was born in 1601 of refpeClable pa¬ 
rents in humble life, at-Hodenc in Bray, near Beauvais, 
He was for fome time a corrector of the prefs at Paris, 
where he obtained the efteem and friendfliip of Riolan, a 
P, A T 
celebrated phyfician. It was probably through his en¬ 
couragement that he turned his ftudies to medicine, in 
which he graduated in 1627, and was admitted among the 
faculty of Paris. He praCtiled during his life in that city, 
rmich efteemed by many perfonsofdiftinCtion forhislearn- 
ing, and for the cauftip vivacity of his converfation, but 
too much attached to his liberty to puth his way at court, 
or among the great. Zealous in maintaining the privi¬ 
leges and honour of the faculty, he was eleCted to the poft 
of dean in 1650, and was appointed fucceflor to Riolan 
the younger, in the chair of phyfic at the College-royal. 
He delivered himfelf in Latin with fo much fluency and 
choice of expreflion, that it became quite a falhion at 
Paris to attend upon his thefes. In his medical opinions 
he was a molt orthodox follower of the ancients, and a 
determined oppofer of innovations, both in theory and 
praClice. In the difputes concerning the ufe of chemical 
remedies, efpecially antimonials, which then divided the 
faculty, he diftinguiflied himfelf as their bittereft adver- 
fary; nor was he in the leaft fparingof perfor.alities again!!: 
thofe who employed medicines of that clafs. All unfor¬ 
tunate cafes in which they had been exhibited he fet down 
as fo many murders, and he kept a particular regifter 
which he termed the Antimoniul Martyrology. In his 
own praftice he was a greater lhedder of blood than al¬ 
moft any other of the Parifian fchool, which was noted for 
phlebotomy; and he generally imputed the death of a pa¬ 
tient to the want of fufficient perfeverance in the ufe of 
the lancet. With this inftrument and a few Ample re¬ 
medies, particularly of the purgative clafs, he thought 
that every thing might be effected, within the power of 
the healing art. He, juftly perhaps, derided the coftly 
compounds.and pretended fpecifics with which the apothe¬ 
caries’ fhops at that time abounded ; and had rational 
notions of the general operation of medicines, though un¬ 
der the influence of falfe theories and ftrong prejudices 
with refpeCt to particular articles. 
In other matters Patin was one w’ho fpeculated freely. 
Without joining the Proteftants, hecultivated a friendfliip 
with many of that communion, and was not behind any of 
them in his keen ftriCtures on the bigotry and fuperftition 
of the Roman-catholic church. He feems,indeed, in his. 
private opinions to have concurred with the philofophers of 
the time: and it has been noted as a very uncliriftian fenti- 
ment, that he confoled himfelf for the idea of quitting this 
world, with the hope of meeting Ariftotle, Plato, Virgil, 
Galen, and Cicero,in theother. He read muchand upon a 
variety of fubjeCts, and was eager in the purchafe of new 
and valuable books, of which he pofiefled a copious col¬ 
lection. This learned and Angular man died in 1672, in 
his feventy-firft year. He wrote few works in his own 
profeflion, and thofe of little importance. After his 
death a great number of his Letters were given to the pub¬ 
lic, which have been the chief means of preferving his 
memory. Of thefe there are two collections ; one ad- 
drefled to various friends, printed in 1685 and 1692, two 
volumes, imio. the other all written to his friend Charles 
Spoil, of Geneva, and pubiifned by that family in 1718, 
two volumes, i2ino. Patin’s Letters are an amufing mif- 
cellany of political and literary intelligence, biographical 
anecdotes, free opinions, medical hiftory and criticifm, 
with a plentiful mixture of fpleen and farcafm. It is dif¬ 
ficult to fay whether he laflies moft feverely the court and 
miniftry, the clergy, or the chemical doftors. Fie has 
been accufed of giving credit to idle reports, efpecially in 
difparagement of thole whom he hated ; and it would 
not be lafe to rely upon the authority of his narratives, 
which are often only the lie of the day ; (fee Curiofities of 
Literature, vol.i. p. 200.) Neverthelefs, the pictures which 
he gives of the manners and fentiments of the time are in 
moft refpeCls equally juft and lively. Moft of his medi¬ 
cal opinions are to be found in thefe letters, with fome 
extraordinary inftances of praftice. They are copioufly 
interlarded with Latin, in which language his phrafe- 
ology is much more cultivated than in his mother- 
tongue. 
