386 
PAT 
PAT 
father by the mother’s fide; as Atlantiades, i.e. Mer¬ 
cury, the grandfon of Atlas. 5. From the kings and 
founders of nations; as Romulidae, i.e. the Romans, 
from their founder, king Romulus. 
The terminations of Greek and Latin patronymics are 
chiefly four, viz. des, of which we have examples above ; 
as, as Thaumantias, i. e. Iris, the daughter of Thaumas ; 
is, as Atlantis, i.e. Eleftra, the daughter of Atlas; and 
ne, as Nerine, the daughter of Nereus. Of thefe termi¬ 
nations, des is mafculine ; and as, is, and ne, feminine ; 
des and ne are of the firft declenfion, as and is of the 
third. 
The Ruffians, in their ufual mode of addrefs, never 
prefix any title or appellation of refpeft to their names; 
but perfons of all ranks, even thofe of the firft diftinftion, 
call each other by their Chriftian names, to which they 
add a patronymic. Thefe patronymics are formed in 
fome cafes by adding Vitch (the fame as our Fitz) to 
the Chriftian name of the father; in others by Of or Ef; 
the former is applied only to perfons of condition, the 
latter to thofe of inferior rank. Thus, Ivan Ivanovitch, 
Ivan Ivanof, is Ivan the fon of Ivan ; Peter Alexievitch, 
Peter Alexeof, Peter the fon of Alexy. The female pa¬ 
tronymic is Efna or Ofna : as Sophia Alexefna, or Sophia 
the daughter of Alexy; Maria Ivanofna, or Maria the 
daughter of Ivan. 
PATRO'US, a furname of Jupiter among the Greeks, 
reprefented by his ftatues as having three eyes, which 
fome fuppofe to fignify that he reigned in three different 
places, in heaven, on earth, and in hell. 
PATRO W'R A, a town of Hindooftan, in Boggilcund: 
twenty-five miles fouth-eaft of Makoonda. 
PATRU' (Oliver), a diftinguiffied French pleader, and 
man of letters, was born at Paris in 1604. His father, 
who was a procureur in the parliament, brought him up 
to the bar. After having vilited Rome, he returned to 
Paris, and frequented the courts of law, cultivating with 
great affiduity the talent of fpeaking and writing with 
purity. His reputation procured him admiffion to the 
French Academy in 1640 ; and at his reception he deli-' 
vered an oration of thanks, which pleafed that body fo 
well, that it became thenceforth the rule for every new 
member to pronounce a fimilar harangue. Patru was 
connefted with moll of the eminent literary charaflers in 
France of that period, and was confulted as an oracle 
upon every queftion relative to language. Vaugelas de¬ 
rived great affiftance from him in his remarks on the 
French language, for which he has made a proper ac¬ 
knowledgment. Boileau, Racine, and other wits, read 
their works to him, and profited by his remarks. Ra¬ 
cine, indeed, fometimes fhrunk from the feverity of his 
anitnadverfions ; but the correft Boileau feems to have 
been fully fenfible of their value. As Patru, from what 
caufe we are not informed, fell into a ftate of indigence, 
Boileau purchafed his library, and generoufiy permitted 
him to retain it during his life. That a poet ffiould be 
the pecuniary benefadtor of a celebrated pleader, feems 
contrary to the ufual order of things; but Patru was 
probably more engaged in polifhing his ftyle than in 
turning over law-books and hunting, for clients : he was 
a man of a philofophical fpirit, generous, cornpaffionate, 
and not deprefled by the frowns of fortune. His opi¬ 
nions were of the fceptical caft, on which account he 
was vifited by Boffuet in his laft illnefs, for the purpofe 
of exhorting him to edify'the public by fome' demor.- 
ftrations of religious convidlion. “ It will more become 
me (faid Patru) to be filent, for men in their laft mo¬ 
ments talk only through weaknefs or vanity.” On his 
death-bed he received a vifit from the minifter Colbert, 
who brought him a late donation of five hundred crowns. 
He expired in January 1681, in his feventy-feventh 
year. 
As an author, Patru was principally known by his 
“ Plaidoyers,” which have the merit of being free from 
the former barbarifms of the bar, butare without warmth 
or imagination. He alfo wrote harangues, letters, and 
the lives of fome of his friends, which have a fimilar cha¬ 
racter of cold corredtnefs, and have loft their former re¬ 
putation. The belt edition of his works is that of 1732, 
in two volumes quarto. Moreri. 
PATSAA'RI, a fmall ifiand on the eaft fide of the 
gulf of Bothnia. Lat. 60. 48. N. Ion. 20. 58. E. 
PAT'SAH, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Surgooja: twenty-five miles north-north-eaft of Sur- 
gooja. 
PAT'SCHKAU, a town of Silefia, in the principality 
of Neiffe : thirteen miles weft of Neiffe, and five fouth of 
Munfterberg. Lat. 50. 18.N. Ion. 16. 50. E. 
PATSHIKAMIS'TICK, a river of Canada, which 
runs into the Sable in lat- 49. 45. N. Ion. 72. 36. W. 
PAT'TA, or Pati, an ifland in the Indian Sea, near 
the coaft of Africa, about ten miles in circumference; 
chiefly inhabited by Arabians, with whom the Englifh, 
Portuguefe, and Indians, trade for ivory and flaves : it 
is fituated near the coaft, at the mouth of a river of the 
fame name. Lat. 1. 56. S. Ion. 43. 20. E. 
PAT'TALA, in ancient geography, a town of India, 
that has been commonly referred to the Delta of the In¬ 
dus. Alexander arrived at this place about the middle 
of Auguft, 326 years B. C. and, having made proper ar¬ 
rangements for the fafety and convenience of his fleet 
and army, and having viewed alfo the two principal 
mouths of the Indus, on which he experienced fome de¬ 
gree of furprife, if not of terror, from the “bore,” or 
fudden influx of the tide, he departed by land for Sufa, 
leaving Nearchus with the fleet to follow as foon as the 
Etefian winds fliould ceafe. Nearchus failed in Odlober 
with the north-eaft monfoon, conducing, according to 
Dr. Gillies, in his elegant Hiftory of Greece, “ the firft 
European fleet which navigated the Indian feas.” Pat- 
tala is fuppofed to have been the fcite of the modern city 
of Tatta, which fee. According to a tradition among 
the people of Sindy, Pattala ftood in the fuperior delta, 
whereas Tatta is placed in the inferior delta. Rernell. 
PATTA'LIA, f. in natural hiftory, a word ufed by 7 
Ariftotle and the reft of the old Greek writers, to exprefs 
a flag or deer of two years old. 
PATTAL'LY, a town of Hindooftan, in Bahar : thir¬ 
ty-three miles eaft-north-eaft of Hajypour. 
PATTAN', a town of Hindooftan, in Mewat: fixteen 
miles fouth-weft of Corputly. 
PATTAN', a town of Hindooftan, in Vifiapour; 
twenty miles north-weft of Sattarah. 
PATTAN', or Lelit Pattan, a city of Afia, in the 
kingdom of Nepaul, containing feveral temples, and 
about 24,000 houfes : ten miles eaft of Catmandu. Lat. 
28. 5. N. Ion. 85. 10. E. 
PATTANCHERU', a town of Hindooftan, in Gol- 
conda : twenty miles weft-north-weft of Hydrabad. 
PATTAPOO'W-WINEPE'O, a lake of North Ame¬ 
rica. Lat. 54. 50. N. Ion. 96. W. 
PATTEE'RAH, a river of Thibet, which runs into 
the Ganges on the borders of Hindooftan. 
PAT'TELBACKERS, one of the fmalleft Molucca 
iflands. Lat. o. 3. N. Ion. 127. 21. E. 
PAT'TEN, f. [patin, Fr. from pate, or patte, a broad 
foot, which Cotgrave renders alfo “ a plate or band of 
iron.”] A clog of wood with an iron ring, worn under 
the common ffioe by women, to keep them from the dirt. 
—Their flioes and pattens are fnouted and piked more than 
a finger long, crooking upwards, which they call crac- 
kowes, which were faftened to the knees with chains of 
gold and filver. Canulerds Remains. 
Houfewives beneath the umbrella’s oily ftied 
Safe through the wet on clinking pattens tread. Gay. 
PATTEN’s CREE'K, a river of Kentucky, which 
runs into the Ohio in lat. 38, 22. N. Ion. 85. 50. W. 
PAT'TEN- 
