416 
P A U 
bafin, the water becomes as fmooth as a pond, forming a 
ilrong contrail to the continual turbulence of the lea 
without. This balin occupies a confiderable portion of 
the bottom of the crater ; and lince its firft difcovery, has 
much increafed in lize, being now more than a mile in 
circumference. Its depth in the deepeft place is thirty 
fathoms, varying to feven or eight clofe to the (bore. 
The latter, around it, is in general level to fome little 
diftance, where the a (cent to the fummit becomes more 
perpendicular. Near the water the grafs is Ihort; farther 
off it is long, coarfe, and in fuch denfe tufts, as to render 
it difficult to penetrate through them. 
To the Dutch navigator Flaming we owe the difcovery 
of this illand in 1697, when he found the bafin, now fo 
fpacious, fcarcely a piftol-lhot long, and the rocks form¬ 
ing the bar fo much higher than at prefent, that the 
boat could with much difficulty be dragged over them. 
Should the fame changes go on equally rapid in decompo- 
iing the rock, the balin may in thirty years more be ac- 
ceffible to the fmalier fealing-veffels. The illand is about 
four miles long and three broad, the furface prefenting 
nothing but a brown coarfe grafs intermixed with abun¬ 
dance of Hones, and near the balin fome reeds, but nei¬ 
ther tree nor Ihrub. To gain the furface, there being no 
other landing-place, it is neceffary to enter the balin, and 
afcer.d, by a very difficult and fatiguing path, the fide of 
the crater. The height of the latter, reckoning the 
depth of water, is eftimated at more than ninety feet; 
the circumference at the bottom a mile and a half; at the 
fummit or mouth about two miles. The fummit of the 
crater is the higheft part of the illand, which (helves to¬ 
wards the north. 
Around the bafin are feveral hot-fprings, (another 
proof, if any were wanting, of the volcanic nature of the 
illand,) faid to be within twenty or twenty-live degrees 
of the boiling point. And as the balin abounds with 
line fifn, eafily caught, it has been reprefented that they 
might be thrown from the cold water to the hot, for 
boiling, without being difengaged from the hook; 
though this is an exaggeration. Filh are equally plenti¬ 
ful in the fea without the bafin ; fo numerous and vo¬ 
racious, indeed, as to be caught with little trouble: they 
are principally of a fpecies refembling the bream and 
perch, averaging three or four pounds weight each, and 
excellent eating. Veffels that touch here, wilhing to add 
to their fea-ftore, fhould cure them immediately; expo- 
lure to rain, previous to fairing, is found by experience 
to render them of little value. Whales frequent the vi¬ 
cinity of this illand at certain periods; but its chief vi- 
fitors are feals, who twenty years ago were to be feen on 
the rocks, and balking in the grafs, in many thoufands. 
Inftances have occurred of three thoufand having been 
killed in a few days ; the principal inftrument for this 
purpofe is a good cudgel, which by a fmart blow over the 
fnout accomplilhes the objecl. At prefent their numbers 
are much diminilhed, by the great demand for the Ikin in 
commerce, and having become of late years a falhionable 
article of drefs. Numbers likewife are carried to Ame¬ 
rica. 
Theftratum of earth is thin, and little, therefore, can 
be accomplilhed here by cultivation 5 but at the bottom 
of the crater, around the balin, there is little doubt that 
gardens might be formed, were any of the temporary 
fojourners indullrious enougl) to make the attempt, and 
inclofe them from the depredations of the feals. Sea¬ 
birds are particularly numerous, as the petere), penguin, 
comihon gull, and albatrofs. Freffi umter is fmall in 
quantity, and difficult to be procured. This place is 
fifty miles north from Amfterdam Illand. Lat. 38. 42. S. 
Ion. 77. 53. E. Monthly Mag. Nov. 1822. 
PAUL (St.), a town of New Mexico, fituated at the 
confluence of the two main head branches of the Rio 
Bravo.— Alfo, the moll foutherly of the Pearl iflands, in 
the gulf of Panama. In a fate channel on the north fide 
there is a place for careening of ffiips.—Alfo, an illand 
P A U 
in the gulf of St. Lawrance: nine miies north-eall from 
the north cape of the illand of Cape Breton_Alfo, a 
river of Guinea, which runs into the Atlantic five 
miles north of Cape Mefurada. 
PAUL (St.), a town of France, in the department of 
the Tarn, and chief place of a canton, in the diUriel of 
Lavaur. The place contains 906, and the canton 6070, 
inhabitants.—A town of France, and principal place of 
a dillridl, in the department of the Var : feven miles welt 
of Nice._ Lat. 43.41. N. Ion. 7. 11. E.—Alfo, a town of 
France, in the department of the Upper Vienne: nine 
miles fouth-eall of Limoges.—Alfo, a town of France, in 
the department of the Leman lake, on the lake of Ge¬ 
neva : ten miles ealt ofThonon.'—Alfo, a town of 
France, in the department of the Gard : ten miles north- 
eall of Uzes. 
PAUL’S (St.), a bay on the north-weft coall of New¬ 
foundland. Lat. 49. 50. N. Ion. 57. 35. W. —A bay on 
the weft coall of Newfoundland : ten miles north-eall of 
Bonne Bay.—A bay on the north-well fhore of the river 
St. Lawrence, about fix leagues below Cape Torment, 
where a chain of mountains, 400 leagues in length, termi¬ 
nates from the weftward. 
PAUL’S BET'ONY. See Veronica. 
PAUL DE FENOUILLE'T, a town of France, in the 
department of the eall Pyrenees, and chief place of a can¬ 
ton, in the diflrict of Perpignan: twenty-eight miles 
well-north-well of Perpignan. 
PAUL DE OMAGU'AS, a town of Brafil, in the go¬ 
vernment of Para, on the river Amazons. Lat. 3. 33. S. 
PAUL’S POI'NT, a cape on the eall coall of Barbadoes: 
one mile fouth of Cuckold’s Point. 
PAUL TROIS CHATEAU'X, a town of France, 
in the department of the Drome, before the revolution 
the fee of a bilhop : twelve miles fouth of Montelimart. 
PAU'LA, a faint in the Roman calendar, was adefeen- 
dant, on the maternal fide, from the noble families of 
the Scipios, and Paulus iEmilius, and born at Rome 
about the year 348. Becoming a widow, (he renounced 
the world, and accompanied St. Jerome to Paleftine, 
where Ihe was made fuperior of a monallery at Bethlehem. 
She lludied the Hebrew language, that (lie might better 
underltand the Scriptures ; and, after fpending feveral 
years in the fuperltitious pra&ice of exceffive mortifica¬ 
tions and aullerities, which, Jerome fays, he frequently 
attempted to moderate, died in 404, about the age of 
fifty-fix. Further particulars concerning her may be 
found in Hieron. Epift. lxxxvi. and under our article 
Jerome, vol. x. p. 775. 
PAU'LA, a town of Naples, in Calabria Citra, fituated 
at a fmall diftance from the fea: twelve miles north-well 
of Cofenza. 
PAU'LA, a' fort of Ruffia, in the government of 
Caucafus : twenty miies well of Ekaterinograd. 
PAU'LA (St.), a fmall illand of Ruffia, in the Frozen 
ocean. Lat. 76. 54. N. Ion. 103. 14. E. 
PAU'LAR (Elj, a town of Spain, in Old Gaftiie: 
eleven miles eall-fouth-eall of Segovia. 
PAULARA'H, a town of Hindooftan, in Berar: 
twenty-five miles north-weft Chanda. 
PAULASTY'A, in Hindoo mythology, is one of “ ten 
lords of created beings,” frequently alluded to in their 
facred books under the name of Brahmadikas, orchildren 
of Brahma. Their names are enumerated under the ar¬ 
ticle Muni of this work, where alfo fome particulars will 
be found refpefting them.—Paulallya, orPulallya, is alfo 
a name of Ravana, the ten-headed tyrant of Lanka, or 
Ceylon, againll whom the wars detailed in the Ramayana 
we're waged. See Ravana. 
PAU'LEYS, a town of South Carolina : eight miles 
fouth of Kingdom 
PAU'LHAC, a town of France, in the department of 
the Cants]: ten miles well of St. Flour. 
PAU'LHAN, a town of France, in the department of 
the Herault: nine miles north of Pezenas. 
PAULHIACf, 
