PAZ 
affords a fecure anchoring-place. This is the only place 
where (hips from Acapulco, Sonfonate, Panama, &c. can 
touch in their pafl'age to Callao. The voyage is long and 
tedious, on account of contrary winds, rains, and fliifting 
currents: fo that, though the diftance, according to the 
latitude of thefe parts, is only 140 leagues, a (hip is very 
fortunate in performing it in forty or fifty days, and in 
not being obliged to return to Payta. Southward of 
the town is a mountain, called from its figure Silla de 
Payta, or the Saddle of Payta. The foil round the town 
is wholly fandy, and very barren : for, befides the to¬ 
tal want of rain, it has not a fingle river for the convey¬ 
ance of water, of which it would be entirely deftitute, if 
it were not fupplied every day with great fatigue from 
Colan, a town on the fame bay, four leagues north, near 
which runs the river Chera, which waters Amotape. 
The Indians of Colan are obliged to fend daily to Payta 
one or two baizes, or floats, loaded with water, which 
is dillributed in ftated proportions among the inhabit¬ 
ants. Payta has alfo the greateft part of its provifions 
from the fame town. The nature of the foil, and the 
fituation of the place, render it extremely hot. The town 
owes its whole fupport to the harbour, which is the place, 
as we have already intimated, where the cargoes of goods 
lent from Panama are landed, together with thofe coming 
from Callao to the jurifdidlions of Piara and Loja. In 
the bay of Payta, and alfo that of Sechura, little farther 
to the fouth, there is an ample fifliery, in which the In¬ 
dians of Colan, Sechura, and the fmall hamlets near the 
coaft, are conffantly employed. The whole defence of 
the town confifts in a fmall fort encompaffed by a brick 
wall, and mounted by about eight pieces of cannon ; 
but it has neither ditch nor outwork. It has been 
often taken by the Englifh; and particularly in 1741 by 
the fquadron of commodore Anfon, when it was pillaged 
and burnt. Lat. 5. 10. S. Ion. 81. 6. W. 
PAYTOLLE'E, a town of Hindooftan, inRohilcund: 
feven miles eaft of Bifiowie. 
PAZ (La), a province and diocefe of Peru, belonging 
however to the vice-royalty of Buenos Ayres. This 
diocefe contains fix jurifdiflions; viz. La Paz, Omafuyos, 
Pacajas, Laricaxas, Chicuito, and Paucar-colla; which 
fee refpe&ively. The jurifdi&ion of La Paz is of no 
great extent 5 and the city is almoft the only place in it 
that is worthy of any notice. In the adjacent cordillera 
is a high mountain, called Illimani, which is fuppofed 
to contain immenfe riches; but, its fummit being perpe¬ 
tually covered with ice and fnow, no mine has been 
opened in this mountain. The province was formerly 
known by the name of Chuquiyapu , which in the idiom 
of that country, is commonly thought to fignify “ an in¬ 
heritance of gold.” 
PAZ (La), a confiderable city, and capital of the 
above province, having, according to Helms, more than 
4000 hearths, or 20,000 inhabitants. It is an elegant and 
clean town, chiefly trading in the noted tea of Paraguay. 
The province was firft conquered by Mayta-Capac, the 
fourth inca ; and, the Spaniards having afterwards taken 
poffeffion of it, this city was founded by Pedro de la 
Gafca, in order to fecure a fettlement of Spaniards, in 
the extenfive interval of 170 leagues between Arequipa 
and Plata, for the improvement of commerce, and the 
convenience and fafety of the traders. Its fituation was 
feledled in a valley called Las Pacafas, in O&ober 1548, 
as a place abounding in grain and cattle, and full of In¬ 
dians. Along the valley of La Paz flows a pretty large 
river, occafionaily much increafed by torrents from the 
Cordillera, about twelve leagues diftant from the city; 
but, from its vicinity, a great part of the country is ex- 
pofed to fo cold an air, that hard frofts, fnow, and hail, 
are not uncommon; but the city itfelf is fecured from 
them by its happy fituation. Other parts are fo well 
fheltered, that they produce all the vegetables of a hot 
climate, as fugar-canes, cocoa, maize, and the like. In the 
mountainous parts are large woods of valuable timber, 
Vol. XIX. No. 1314. 
PAZ 435 
but infefted with bears, tigers, and leopards, with a few 
deer; while on the heaths are found guanacos, vicunas, 
and glamas, with a great number of cattle of the Euro¬ 
pean fpecies. The city Hands on unequal ground, 
among the branches of the Cordillera, and is furrounded 
by mountains. When the riverin its vicinity is increafed, 
either by rains or by the melting of the fnow on the 
mountain, its current forces along large maffes of rocks, 
with fome grains of gold, which are found after the flood, 
has fubfided, and from which fome idea may be formed 
of the riches inclofed in the bowels of thefe mountains. 
In the year 1730, an Indian accidentally difcovered a 
lump of gold of fo large a fize, that the marquis de Caffel 
Fuerte gave 12,000 pieces of eight for it, and fent it to 
Spain as a prefent worthy of his fovereign. Befides 
the cathedral and the parifli-church, there are three 
others; and alfo religious fraternities of Francifcans, 
Dominicans, Auguffines, the Fathers of Mercy, a col¬ 
lege of Jefuits, and a convent and hofpital, together with 
two nunneries. Here is alfo a college of St. Jerome, for 
the education of youth, whether defigned for civil or ec- 
clefiallical employments. It is 120 miles eaft-fouth-eaft 
of Arequipa. Lat. 17. 15. S. Ion. 68. 36, W. 
PAZ (James-Alvarez de), a Spanifli Jefuit, was born 
at Toledo in the year 1560. After having been taught 
the claffics and philofophy, at the age of eighteen he 
commenced his noviciate among the Jefuits, and foon 
diftinguifbed himfelf by the compofition of pious medi¬ 
tations, on which his tutors bellowed warm approbation. 
He went through his theological courfe at Alcala, and 
was afterwards fent by his luperiors to Peru. Here he 
occupied fucceffively the chairs of philofophy and divi¬ 
nity at Lima, with the higheft applause, feduloufly de¬ 
voting the hours not demanded by his profelfional du¬ 
ties to divine contemplation, and the compofition of 
thofe works which w'ere from time to time given to the 
public. From Lima he was fent to prefide as re6tor of 
the fociety’s college at Quito; whence he was tranf- 
ferred to the fame poll at Cufco. Afterwards he filled 
the high office of provincial of Peru during fix years. 
While he was vifiting the different eftablifhments be¬ 
longing to the order in this capacity, he was feized with 
a mortal illnefs at Potoli, which carried him off in 1620, 
when about fixty years of age. He is highly panegy¬ 
rized by his biographers, as having exhibited an illuf- 
trious example of all the Chrillian virtues, and uni¬ 
formly praftifed that rigid mortification and felf-denial 
to which the Catholics aferibe exalted merit. His works 
are written in Latin ; but they have been tranllated into 
many of the European languages, and are held in high 
ellimation. Their titles are, 1. De Vita Spirituali, 
ejufque Perfedlione, lib. ix. 1608, folio; a Compendium 
of which was digefted by a prieffc of Bois-le-duc, and 
printed in 1620, 8vo. 2. De Exterminatione Mali, et 
Promotione Boni, Lib. v. 1,614, folio. 3. De Inquifi- 
tione Pads, five Studio Orationis, Lib. v. 1617, folio. 
And the following, prefixed to pieces extradled and con- 
denfed from the author’s larger works: 4. De Vita reli- 
giole ir.ftituenda, five de quotidiana Virtutum Exercita- 
tione, 1613, i2mo. afterwards revifed, and enlarged by 
the author into two volumes, 8vo. 5. Meditationes tri- 
partitae, 1620, 4to. 6. De Humilitate, Virtutum om¬ 
nium Fundamento. 7. De Virtutum Adeptione. Sot- 
velli's Bill. Script. Soc. Jefu. 
PAZA'RO, a cape of North America, on the weft fide 
of the peninfula of California, near to the fouth end of 
it; in about lat. 24. N. and Ion. 113. W. 
PAZMA'NI (Peter), a celebrated Hungarian cardi¬ 
nal, was defeended from a noble Tranfylvanian family, • 
and born at Great-Waradin in Hungary, but in what 
year we are not informed. He entered the order of Je- 
iuits in the year 1587, and diftinguifhed himfelf by the 
progrefs which he made in the different branches of lite¬ 
rature, facred and profane. In the year 1607, he was 
feledled, on account of his fuperior acquirements, to be 
5 T profeffor 
