459 
PEDICULUS. 
gions of Europe, were in reality cafes of ulceration, arif- 
ing from fcurvy or fome other cacheftic condition, which 
afforded a nidus for the breeding of the maggots of flies; 
and were not true inftances of the morbus pedicularis. 
The generation of lice, however, in connexion with 
the prurigo of elderly people, though not fatal, is fre¬ 
quently a very troublefome and obftinate malady, and 
many external applications have been reforted to from 
ancient times to deftroy thefe loathfome and irritating 
paralites. But the deftru&ion of them is commonly a 
mere alleviation ; fince their reproduction is extremely 
rapid. A decodtion of the feeds of ftavefacre, or of the 
cocculus indicus, or the powder of either of thefe fub- 
Itances, alone or mixed with lard in the form of an oint¬ 
ment, are very effectual deftroyers of the pediculi of the 
bead, and even of the body-lice. The mercurial oint¬ 
ments, fuch as.that of the.white precipitated oxyde, are 
alfo very efficacious in the fame inftances. The fpike- 
oil, as it has been called, which is the eflential oil of la¬ 
vender, mixed with oil of turpentine, has been deemed 
the molt efficacious poifon for thefe pediculi: its virtue 
depends perhaps principally upon the oil of turpentine, 
which is doubtlefs the moft ready inftrunjent of deftruc- 
tion to all the infeCt tribe. Sir Edward Wilmot is faid by 
Dr. Heberden to have ufed, with complete fuccefs, in a 
cafe of morbus pedicularis, a compofition fomewhat fimi- 
lar to the fpike-oil ; viz. of rectified oil of turpentine, 
and fpirit of wine, each fourounces, camphor fix drachms. 
A folution of the corrofive muriate of mercury in fpirit 
is alfo often efficacious in the pedicular prurigo of the 
body, and tends to remove the pruriginous affeCtion of 
the flan, which feems to give rife to the tendency to ge¬ 
nerate lice. It is to be obferved, however, as a matter 
of caution, that none of thefe pungent Simulating fub- 
ftances can be applied to the fltin, without inflicting ex¬ 
treme pain, unlefs its furface be unbroken : for where the 
cuticle is abraded by fcratching, or by the breaking of 
puftules and veficles, or by the formation of rhagades or 
chaps, the irritation and fmarting excited by them is in¬ 
tolerable, and is followed by conliderable inflammation. 
This diforder has been flightly mentioned, in our article 
Pathology, under the name of Exormia prurigo fenilis. 
See p. 353. Plate VII. fig. 1. B. 
2. Pediculus pubis, the crab-loufe: abdomen emargi- 
nate.behind; legs cheliform, hence its trivial name. In 
the antennae are five articulations. It is found about the 
hairs of the groin, and fometimes, though very rarely, on 
the eye-brows of perfons who are not attentive to habits 
of cleanlinefs; but never on the head or body. Thefe trou¬ 
blefome vifitors are inftantly and completely deftroyed by 
inunClion wuth the common blue mercurial ointment. 
3. Pediculus ricinoides: the abdomen is orbicular, 
marked with a white line; the fcutellum is compofed of 
three lobes; the fnout is white. It is a native of Ame¬ 
rica. It gets into the legs of the naked inhabitants, 
where it draws blood, and depofiting its eggs>*in the 
wound occafions very alarming ulcers. 
4. Pediculus fuis : found on the body of fwine. 
5. Pediculus porcelli: found on the body of the Cavia 
cobaya, or Guinea pig. 
6. Pediculus cameli : head projecting and pointed ; 
body ferruginous; abdomen ovate. It is found on the 
camel. 
7. Pediculus ovis: this infefts the body of flieep. 
8. Pediculus cervi: on the flag and deer. 
9. Pediculus bubali: yellowulh, with dufley-brown 
ftreaJcs ; the abdomen has ten conic marginal tubercles. 
It is found on the buffalo. 
10. Pediculus bovis : abdomen with eight tfanfverfe 
ferruginous lines. It inhabits the bodies of oxen, and 
cattle in general. 
11. Pediculus vituli : abdomen lead-colour, and 
pointed at the end. Found on the bodies of heifers and 
cattle. 
12. Pediculus equi: found on the body of the horfe. 
Vol. XIX. No. 1316. 
13. Pediculus afini: head projecting, obtufe ; abdomen 
ovate, brown ; legs cheliform. Found on the body of 
the afs. 
14. Pediculus vulturis: oblong; abdomen brown, 
with two yellowifli lines. It is found in the Eaft Indies 
on the vulture, and is a large infeCt. It is farther cha¬ 
racterized as having a flat head, yellowifli, with black 
margins; the thorax is yellowifli, with a black margin 
and dorfal line. 
15. Pediculus tinnunculi: head arrow-thaped, and mu- 
cronate on each fide behind. Found on the Falco tin- 
nunculus, or keftril. 
16. Pediculus buteonis: abdomen margined : the feg- 
ments with two imprefled dots on each fide. It infefts 
the Falco buteo, or buzzard. 
17. Pediculus ftrigis : abdomen ovate, white, edged 
with red ; legs red. Found infefting various fpecies of 
the Strix and Falco. 
18. Pediculus corvi: abdomen ovate, with a ftriate 
margin. Found on various fpecies of the crow. 
19. Pediculus cornicis : abdomen ovate, pale, with la¬ 
teral black fpots, in which is a white pupil. Found on 
the common crow. See the Plate, fig. 4. 
20. Pediculus infaufti: thorax narrow ; abdomen 
ovate, pale, diaphanous. It infefts the Corvus infauftus. 
21. Pediculus picte : head obtufe, brown, with four 
black dots. This is found on the Corvus pica, or magpie. 
22. Pediculus orioli: white, with a brown line on the 
abdomen. Found on the roller and oriole. 
23. Pediculus cuculi: abdomen oblong, whitifh, with 
brown bands. It infefts the Cuculus canorus, or cuckoo. 
24. Pediculus cygni : head emarginate; abdomen 
ovate ; the margin ftriate with black. It is found on the 
fwan. 
25. Pediculus anferis : filiform,pale ; the margin dotted 
with black. It is found on the wild arjd tame goofe. 
The 1 *animal reprefented at fig. 5. was taken from the 
wild goofe. 
26. Pediculus mofchatse: this is found on the Anas 
mofchata, or Mufcovy duck. 
27. Pediculus querquedulte -. this infefts th'e Anas 
querquedula, or garganey. 
28. Pediculus mergi: white, with a yellowifli head; 
body long. Found on the Mergus ferrator. 
29. Pediculus procellarite : long, filiform, brown ; with 
pale legs. It inhabits Brafil, on the Procellaria, or petrel. 
30. Pediculus vagelli: ovate, pale; thorax with two 
brown lines. Found on the Procellaria glaciali?. 
31. Pediculus diomedre: head obtufe; body white; 
fides of the abdomen black. It inhabits Brafil; on the 
Diomedea, or albatrofs. 
32. Pediculus pelecani : antennse double. Infefts the 
Pelecanus finenfis, or corvorant; and is fliown at fig. 6. 
33. Pediculus fternse: head triangular; abdomen ovate, 
pale; the back longitudinally blackifh. Found on va¬ 
rious fpecies of the tern and gull. 
34. Pediculus plataleae: found on the Platalea leuco- 
rodia, or fpoon-bill. 
35. Pediculus ardese : found on feveral fpecies of the 
Ardea,or crane. 
, 36. Pediculus gruis: abdomen fubclavate, pale, wfith 
fnowy fpiracles. It is found on ftorks and herons. 
37. Pediculus ciconiae: long, filiform ; abdomen white ; 
the fides dotted with black. It infefts ftorks. 
38. Pediculus charadrii. This fpecies is found on the 
Charadrius pluvialis, or golden plover. 
39. Pediculus fulicas. This infefts theFulica atra, or 
common coot; and is fliown at fig. 7. 
40. Pediculus recurviroftrse : oblong, with a triangular 
grooved head. It is found on the Recurviroftra, or 
avocet. 
41. Pediculus hannatopi: glaucous; thorax very nar¬ 
row ; abdomen ovate; with pale incifures. Found on 
the Haematopus oftralegus, or fea-pie. 
42. Pediculus pavonis: head globular, and very large; 
6 B body 
