460 FED 
body ftriate with pale and brown. Found on the pea¬ 
cock. See fig. 8. 
43. Pediculus meleagrides: head triangular, obtufe; 
abdomen ovate, grey. This in felts the turkey. 
44. Pediculus gallinae : thorax and head mucronate on 
each fide. This fpecies infefts poultry; and is deftroyed 
by pepper. 
45. Pediculus phafiani: head ovate and large ; abdo¬ 
men globular, obtufe. It is found on the pheafant. 
46. Pediculus caponis: abdomen edged with black. 
Found on common poultry. 
47. Pediculus tetraonis. This fpecies is found on the 
black game, partridge, &c. See fig. 9. 
4?. Pediculus lagopi: on the Tetrao lagopus, or ptar¬ 
migan. 
49. Pediculus columbse: body filiform, ferruginous, 
and clavate behind. Found on common pigeons. 
50. Pediculus emberizae: pale brown; abdomen whi- 
tifli, with lateral brown fpots ; head triangular. Found 
on the bunting. 
51. Pediculus pari: body ovate; tail ending in four 
bridles. Found on various fpecies of the parus, or tit- 
moufe. 
52. Pediculus motacillse : head heart-lhaped, rufous ; 
abdomen white and tapering at the bafe. It is found on 
the wagtail. 
53. Pediculus hirundinis: paliffi; abdomen black, 
fpotted with white. Found infefting the Hirundo apus, 
or fwift. The abdomen is brifidy on both fides. 
54. Pediculus gryllotalpae : blood-red, with white legs. 
Found on the mole cricket. The fucker is long, inflefted, 
black ; body red, immaculate. 
55. Pediculus apis: body filiform, ferruginous. Inha¬ 
bits Europe, on bees. 
56. Pediculus farionis: this is found on the Salmo fario, 
or trout. 
57. Pediculus anatis: whitiffi ; firlt fegment of the 
thorax round, truncate on each fide; the abdomen linear 
and long. On the wild duck. 
58. Pediculus ortygometrae: oblong; with a heart- 
fhaped head ; thorax narrow : fegments of the abdomen 
briftly, with large fpotted fpiracles on each fide. This 
infefts the land-rail. 
59. Pediculus alaudas: on the Alauda arvends, or Iky- 
lark. 
60. Pediculus fturni: on the Sturnus vulgaris, or ftar- 
Mng. 
61. Pediculus curviroftrae: this is found on the Loxia 
curviroftra, or grofbeak. 
62. Pediculus pyrrhulas: this infefts the Loxia pyrrhula, 
or bull-finch. 
63. Pediculus cloridis: this is found on the Loxia 
chloris, or green-finch. 
64. Pediculus citrinellse: this infefts the Emberiza 
citrinella, or yellow-hammer. 
65. Pediculus curructe: this is found on the Motacilla 
curruca, or babbling warbler. 
66. Pediculus rubeculae: on the M. rubecola, or red- 
breaft. Gmelitis Linn. Adams on the Microfcope ; and, 
for the figures, fee Redi and Degeer. 
PED'IGREE, j [per and degre, Skinner.] Genealogy; 
lineage ; account of defcent.—I am no herald to enquire 
of men’s pedigrees ; itfufficeth me if I know their virtues. 
Sidney. —The Jews preferved the pedigrees of their feve- 
ral tribes with a more fcrupulous exaftnefs than any 
other nation. Atterbury. 
To the old heroes hence was given 
A pedigree which reach’d to heaven. Waller. 
PEDILU'VIUM, f. [from the Lat. pes, foot, and luo, 
to wafli.] A bath for the feet; the aft of bathing the feet. 
The older praftitioners reforted to the pediluvium in a 
variety of dileafes upon hypothetical principles; con¬ 
ceiving that, by drawing the blood into the veffels of the 
feet, it relieved diftant organs, as the head or lungs. 
P E D 
which were overcharged by a ftate of inflammation in 
congellion : hence it was recommended in apoplexy, 
pleurify, and other topical affeftions of diftant parts. 
This doftrine of revnlfon, however, as applied to the 
operation of the pediluvium, is more queftionable than 
under any other application of it; for as, like the general 
warm-bath, it fomewhat accelerates the general circula¬ 
tion, it muft be a doubtful remedy in cafes where the 
motion of the heart and arteries is already too great. 
The operation of the pediluvium is, in faft, Amply that 
of a partial warm-bath; and its ufe is at prefent limited 
to thofe diforders in which that more general remedy is 
indicated ; being a more prafticable and eafy expedient, 
though neceffarily much lefs effeftual in its influence. 
The moft valuable and common application of the pedi¬ 
luvium is at the onfet of febrile difeafes, while a certain 
degree of chillinefs is prefent. Ufed in this ftate pre¬ 
vious to going to bed, it contributes, by moderately ex¬ 
citing the heart and arteries, to equalife the circulation, 
and determine the blood to the furface, whence a flight 
diaphorefis often follows its ufe underthefe circumftances. 
Thus the attack of a commencing catarrh or rlieumatifm 
is often warded off by the ufe of pediluvium, aided by 
other proper means ; and to this kind of treatment 
its operation is probably to be limited. In the more 
advanced ftage of febrile difeafes, efpecially when there 
is delirium, or a general heat, its advantages are very pro¬ 
blematical. 
PED'IMENT,/. [pedis, Lat.] In architecture, an or¬ 
nament that crowns the ordonances, finiffies the fronts of 
buildings, and ferves as a decoration overgates, windows, 
and niches: it is ordinarily of a triangular form, but 
fometimes makes the arch of a circle. — The pedi¬ 
ment of the fouthern tranfept is pinnacled, not inele¬ 
gantly, with a flouriflied crofs. War ton’s Hijl. of Iiid- 
dington. 
PEDINABARUM', a town of Hindooftan : fixty miles 
fouth-eaft of Travancore. 
PED'INAIG-DUR'GAM, a town of Hindooftan, in 
Myfore : ten miles fouth-eaft of Vencatighery. 
PE'DIR, a town on the north coaft of the ifland of 
Sumatra: twenty miles eaft of Acheen. Lat. 5.13. N. 
Ion. 96. 5. E. 
PED'LAR, or Pedler, f. [a petty dealer: “a con- 
traftion producedby frequent ufe.” Dr.JohnJ'on .—Others 
from pied pouldreux, dufty-foot, Todd.~\ One who tra¬ 
vels the country with fmall commodities.—A narrow 
education may beget among fomeof the clergy in poffef- 
fion fuch contempt for all innovators, as merchants have 
for pedlers. Swift. 
All as a poor pedler he did wend, 
Bearing atrull’e of trifles at his backe; 
As bells and babes and glaffes in his packe. Spenfer. 
Atlas was fo exceeding ftrong, 
He bore the fkies upon his back. 
Juft as a pedler does his pack. Swift. 
For the regulations, by afts of parliament, which re¬ 
gard thefe walking tradefmen, fee the article Hawker, 
vol. ix. With 11s, pedlars are looked upon in a very 
contemptible light; and the reafon is, becaufe we have 
fo little occafion for them, and becaufe they injure the 
regular ftationary fhopkeepers in the villages they pafs 
through. Before turnpike-roads were formed, and when 
the communication between towns was very unfrequent 
and difficult, thefe petty chapmen were very ufeful in 
bringing goods from London and other large cities and 
towns to the fmaller towns and villages in various parts 
of the kingdom. Neceflaries could be procured from 
thefe laborious travellers which could hardly be other- 
wife had, except at certain annual fairs, which more¬ 
over the poorer fort of villagers could not vifit, nor 
could they afford to purchafe fuch a fupply as would 
laft them till the next annual return. And wemayrea- 
fonably fuppofe, what is really the faft, that in coun¬ 
tries 
