PEG 
PEG 
473 
probable are inftruments for feizing prey, rather than 
helps in fwimmings the dorfal fin is oppofite the anal. 
This fpecies inhabits the Eaft Indies ; it is feldom more 
than three or four inches long. It lives on the fpavvn 
and young of other fifh, as may be gathered from the 
ftrufture of the mouth. It is reprefen ted on the annexed 
Plate, at fig. i. 
2. Pegafus volans, the flying horfes fnout enfiform, 
ferrated. This fpecies was hitherto little known, and 
had been generally confounded with the preceding, till 
it was more fully defcribed by Commerfon. The fnout 
is very long and flatted, but rounded and larger at the 
tip ; it has a longitudinal furrow underneath, with fmaller 
furrows or wrinkles difpofed in a radiated form § there is 
a fimilar furrow on the upper furface with railed and fer¬ 
rated brims. On the head, behind the eyes, there is a 
rhomboidal indention ; and behind the fkull are two 
deep holes of a pentagonal fliape. The laft rings of the 
tail have a fmall fpineat each corner. The pefloral fins 
are rounded, very broad, and calculated to impart the fa¬ 
culty of darting into the air, as defignated by the appel¬ 
lation. Like the other fpecies, this is found in the Indian 
Sea ; Commerfon was able to obtain only one at the Tile 
of France, (or Mauritius,) and that was a dried fpecimen, 
fo that it is probably a rare fpecies. 
3. Pegafus natans, the fwimmer: fnout enfiform, not 
ferrated. The body is broad upwards, tapering towards 
the tail, and covered with armour: it is of a yellow- 
brown colour on the upper furface, white underneath. 
The head is flat, and Ihort, ending in a long narrow' 
fnout, Sightly ferrated at the end only. The mouth has 
the fame pofition and fliape as in the firft fpecies. The 
eyes are round and large, (landing at the Tides, near the 
corners of the mouth; the pupil is black, iris yellow. 
The gill-covert is radiated, and the opening at the fide. 
The tail is covered with eleven plates of armour, dimi- 
nifliing towards the end, and terminating in two fpir.es. 
The fins have fimple rays 5 the dorfal and anal are fmall, 
and oppofite each other; the tail narrow. The fins are 
of a brown colour, except the pectorals which are blue, 
and not fo large as in the other fpecies. The fize, coun¬ 
try, and way of life, of this fpecies, are the fame as the 
firft fpecies. It is feldom eaten, having very little flefli. 
Though never caught alive but in the Indian Sea, it has 
been found among the petrified fifh dug out of Mount 
Bolca, near Verona, in Italy. It is reprefented at fig. 2. 
.and lying on its back at fig. 3, The figures are from 
Cepede and Block. 
PEGAU', a town of Saxony, in the circle of Leipfic. 
on the Elder. It contains two churches and a convent: 
ten miles fouth-fouth-weft of Leipfic, and fifty-eight weft 
of Drefden. Lat. 51. 12. W. Ion. 12. 12. E. 
PEGAU', a town of Lower Stiria : feven miles north, 
of Gratz. 
PEGER'SK, a town of Ruflia, in the government of 
Pfkov, near the lake Tchudfkoes twenty miles weft- 
north-weft: of P(kov. Lat. 57. 55. N. Ion. 27. 32. E. 
PEGGE (Rev. Samuel), an induftrious antiquary, was 
the fon of a perfon in trade, firft at Derby, and then at 
Chefterfield, at which laft place Samuel was born in 1704. 
He received his fchool-education at his native place ; and 
in 1722 was admitted a penfsoner of St. John’s College, 
Cambridge. He became a fellow of his college, took the 
degree of M.A. in 1729, received prieft’s orders in the 
following year, and went to ferve a curacy in Kent un¬ 
der Dr. Lynch, dean of Canterbury. Being prefented in 
the following year to a vicarage, and poflefling an inde¬ 
pendent property, he married; and he continued in that 
county twenty years, well refpedled by the bed families 
in his neighbourhood. He had laid, in a good (lock of 
claffical learning, and from an early period indulged a 
propenfity to antiquarian ftudies, which at length became 
the principal literary purfuit of his life. The great num¬ 
ber of papers he drew’ up on thefe fubjefls appeared chief¬ 
ly in the Archaeologia, the Bibliotheca Topographies 
1 
Britannica, and the Gentleman’s Magazine. After the 
death of his wife, he was anxious to fettle in his native 
county; and at length, by means of exchanges, he ob¬ 
tained, in 1751, the reflory of Whittington, near Chef¬ 
terfield, which was his refidence during the remainder of 
his life. He alfo poffeffed, from the gift of the Devon- 
fhire family, another reflory; and held a prebend in the 
church of Lichfield, and another in that of Lincoln, 
Mr. Pegge published a few pieces of the profelBonal 
clafs; but he is here commemorated merely as an anti¬ 
quary. In the lift of his writings in this capacity, many 
will probably appear inconfiderable, but many others ufe- 
fully illuftrate points of hiftory or biography ; and, though 
they poffeffed none of the. advantages of (lyle, they dil- 
played diligent and accurate inveftigation. As a fpeci- 
men, may be mentioned his refutation of the popular 
(lory of king John’s death by poifon. Several others are 
curious records of particulars relative to the way of life 
and manners of our anceftors. His mod valuable bio¬ 
graphical produdlion is the Life of Robert Grofftete, the 
celebrated Bilhop of Lincoln, publilhed feparately in 
1793. To him alfo the curious were indebted for a new 
tranflation of “ Fitz-Stephens’s Defcription of the City of 
London,” with a commentary and differtation on the au¬ 
thor. For a catalogue of all his writings we refer to the 
Gent. Mag. for 1796, where they occupy thirteen clofely- 
printed pages. 
On the celebration of the centenary of the revolution 
in 1788, a kind of public proceffion was made from the 
parifh of Whittington, which poffeffes the houfe at which 
fome of the principal leaders in that great event held a 
confultation, to the town of Chefterfield ; on which oc- 
cafion the venerable reflor, then in his 85th year, preached 
an appofite fermon. In 1791 he received, what may be 
deemed a lingular honour at his age, the degree of LL.D. 
from the univerfity of Oxford. He furvived, free from 
any diilrefling infirmity, to Feb. 1796, when he gently 
funk under the burden of old age in his 92c! year. The 
manners of Dr. Pegge were thofe of a man of liberal edu¬ 
cation accullomed to good company. As he avoided 
public bufinefs, he palled his latter years chiefly in re¬ 
tirement, performing his parochial duties with great 
punctuality, and devoting the reft of his time to ftudy. 
He readily communicated the knowledge he poffeffed to 
all who applied to him, and was entirely difinterefted in 
his communications to the works in which his writings 
were publilhed. Nichols’s Lit. Ancccl, Gent. Mag. June, 
Aug. Ofl. &c. 1796. 
PEG'tJE R, f. One who fallens with pegs. 
PEGM, or Peg'ma, f [Greek.] A fort of moving ma¬ 
chine in the old pageants.—In the centre or mid 11 of the 
pegm there was an aback or fquare, wherein this elogy 
was written. B. Jonfon's K. James I. Entertainment. —A 
written explanation of a pageant.—What prefentments 
are towards ; and who penned the pegmas; and fo forth. 
Chapman’s Widow’s Tears. 
PEGMA'RES, f. A name by which certain gladiators 
were diftinguilhed, who fought upon moveable fcaffolds 
called pegmata , which were fometimes unexpectedly 
railed., 1 and by this means furprifed the people with gladi¬ 
ators in hot contention. They were fometimes fo lud- 
denly lifted up as to throw the combatants into the air ; 
and fometimes they were let down into dark and deep 
holes, and then fet on fire, thus becoming the funeral- 
piles of thofe miferahle wretches, who were roalted alive 
to divert the populace. 
PEG'NA CO'VA, a town of Portugal, in the province 
of Beira : feven miles north-eaft of Coimbra. 
PEG'NA FIR'MA, a town on the weft coaft of Portu¬ 
gal, at the mouth of the river Mongols: nine miles fouth 
of Peniche. 
PEG'NA DA FRAN'CIA, a town of Spain, in the 
province of Leon, anciently called Lancia; twenty-four 
miles fouth-fouth-eaftof Civdad Rodrigo, fifty-five fouth- 
fouth-weft of Salamanca. 
PEG'NA 
