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chief of which are the Penens, the Apidantis, the On- 
fchones, theEripeus, and the Panito. Thefe five rivers, 
falling down from the neighbouring mountains, after 
having run through the low country, difembogue them- 
i'elves into the fea by a very narrow canal, where they 
all unite, and make but one great river, which retains the 
name of Penens. They tell us farther, that before the 
canal was made, thefe rivers flooded the whole country, 
and turned it into a great lake ; but that, Neptune having 
formed that great canal, all the waters retired.” Penens, 
on account of its beauty, was an object of worfhip. 
Daphne, the daughter of the Penens, according to the 
fables of the mythologifts, was changed into a laurel on 
the banks of this river. This tradition arifes from the 
quantity of laurels which grow' near the Penens. Ovid's 
Met. i. 452, &c. 
PENGEHUR', a town of Perfia, in the province of 
Mecran : 130 miles north of Kidge, and 180 eaft-north- 
call: of Kish. 
PENGHIOU'M, a town of the Birman empire, at the 
confluence of a final! river with the Irawaddy : near Yay- 
nangheoum, or Earth-oil creek. 
PEN'GUIN, f. [from the Welch/?cn, head, and gain, 
white.] See Aptenodytes, vol. i.—This bird was found 
with this name, as is fuppofed, by the firfl: difeoverers of 
America; and penguin fignifying in Welih a white head, 
and the head of this fowl being white, it has been ima¬ 
gined that America was peopled from Wales ; whence 
Hudibras : “Britifli Indians nam’d from penguins." 
Grew gives another account of the name, deriving it 
from pinguis, Lat. fat: “ The penguin is fo called from 
his extraordinary fatnefs ; for, though he be no higher 
than a large goofe, yet he weighs fometimes fixteen 
pounds; his wings are extreme fliort and little, altoge¬ 
ther trnufeful for flight, but by the help whereof he fwims 
very fw'iftly.” Grevv’s Mufeum.—But it is as unlikely that 
the American Indians fhou Id derive the name of a bird from 
the Latin as from the Welch.—The ifle is three miles 
about, in which we faw abundance of pengwins, in Welch 
“ white-heads,” agreeable to their colour. Sir T. Her¬ 
bert's Travels. —There are very many great lazy fowls 
upon and about this ifland, with great coal-black bodies, 
and very white heads, called penguins. Terry's Voy. to the 
Eajl Indies , 1655—A fruit. See Bromelia penguin.— 
The penguin is very common in the Weft Indies, where the 
juice of its fruit is often put into punch, being of a 
iharp acid flavour : there is alfo a wine made of the juice 
of this fruit, but it will not keep good long. Miller. 
PEN'GUIN TSLAND, a fmall ifland near the coafl of 
New Holland, at the entrance into Adventure Bay. Lat. 
43. 21. N. Ion. 147. 33. E. 
PEN'GUIN I'SLAND, a fmall ifland near the Cape of 
Good Hope, a little to the north of Table Bay. 
PEN'GUIN I'SLAND, an ifland near the fouth coafl 
of Newfoundland. Lat. 47. 22. N. Ion. 56. 45. W. 
PEN'GUIN I'SLAND, a fmall ifland near the coafl: of 
Patagonia, abounding in feals and penguins: nine miles 
fouth-eafl of Port Defire. 
PEN'GUIN I'SLAND, one of the New Shetland 
Iflands lately difeovered.' No official accounts of the dif- 
covery of this antarciic country has yet been made pub¬ 
lic; and it is faid that no official account is meant to be 
promulgated from that high branch of government to 
which fuch matters more immediately belong. This re¬ 
port is, however, we truft, inaccurate. Since the fecond 
voyage of the William, a journal of which voyage has 
been publifhed in the Literary Gazette, it appears that 
two Ruffian frigates on a voyage of difeovery circumna¬ 
vigated the New Shetland ljlands, (for iflands it is laid this 
fuppofed antardlic land is;) and the Sandwich Land of 
Capt. Cook proved alfo to be an ifland. From the whole 
of thefe difeoveries it refults, as far as is hitherto known, 
that a very lucrative trade in feals may be carried on, as 
the fea fwarms with thefe animals, which are of great fize, 
full of oil, and have the fineft fur. In other refpedts ani- 
3 
PEN 
rail exiftence is limited in variety, though not in the 
number of particular fpecies. The (bores are covered 
with penguins, which even difpute pofleffion with the hu¬ 
man vifitors. There are gulls, albatroffes, and one land- 
bird about the fize of a pigeon. The fea-elephant alfo 
inhabits thefe dreary parts; whales are alfo numerous, 
but extremely poor. No fmall fifh were caught or feen ; 
and the only conchological products on the fhores were 
the empty (hells of limpets. 
One of thefe iflands has been named Penguin Island : 
the latitude of anchorage was afeertained to be 62. 6. S. 
at the fouth-eafl end of the ifland ; the longitude where 
the jack was planted, 53. 7. W. variation of the needle, 
23. 39. E. In George's Bay , fo named in honour of his 
majelty, on account of its being the firfl part in which 
the Britifli flag was hoifted, the tides rife pretty regularly 
from 14 to 16 feet, and appear to be entirely influenced 
by the winds. The coafl at the bottom of the bay con- 
fifis of high fnow-clift’s. Notwithflanding the fterility of 
the land, there is a flight foil at the back of the watering- 
place, a mixture of fand and mould, by digging into 
which, not more than a foot in depth, water was found, 
The fwampyland was covered with a fort of grafs and 
mofs, both of which abound in great quantities, and are 
all that deferves to be called vegetation. No land-ani¬ 
mal, except birds,, was feen. Snow of a reddifli tint was 
feen here, as in the ardtic regions : the caufe of this colour 
the obfervers could not account for; it could not be oc- 
cafioned by the foil, fince under the chief place where the 
fnow was found there ran a very-rapid ftream of confi- 
derable depth, and the voyagers were then pafling over 
valleys filled with fnow. The (tones and rocks confifte’d 
principally of white and brown granite and lime-ftone, 
together with fome varieties, of which fpecimens were 
preferved. 
PEN'FIA GA'RCIA. See Pegna Garcia. 
PE'NIA, in mythology, the goddefs of Poverty and 
mother of Love. 
PENJANG'. See Panjang. 
PEN'IBLE, adj. [French.] Painful. Chaucer. 
PEN'ICHE, a feaport town of Portugal, in Eftrema- 
dura fituated on a peninfula which runs into the At¬ 
lantic. It is fortified, and defended by a citadel; it con¬ 
tains three parifhes, and about 2800 inhabitants. This 
town is fometimes called New Lifbon: thirty-nine miles 
north-north-weft of Lifbon, and thirty-four weft of San- 
tarem. Lat. 39. 20. N. Ion. 9. 5. W. 
PENICIL'LA, f. A lozenge, a form of medifcine. 
PENICIL'LUS, f. A tent, a medicated roll to be put 
into a deep wound or ulcer. 
PENID'IUM, J'. A form of medicine prepared from 
clarified fugar. 
PENI'EL. See Penuel. 
PENJEKO'REH, a town of Candahar, in Cabuliftan : 
eight miles weft ofMafhanger. 
PENJEKO'REH, a river of Afia, which runs into the 
Sewad about five miles fouth of the town of Penjekoreh. 
PE'NIGK, or Penig, a town of Saxony, and capital of 
a lordfhip in the principality of Schonburg, which is a 
Saxon fief, on the Muldau. Here is a manufacture of 
woollen fluffs and a pottery: thirty-eight miles weft of 
Drefden, and twenty-eight fouth-fouth-eafl of Leipfic. 
Lat. 50. 52. N. Ion. 12. 35. E. 
PE'NING, a town of Bavaria, in the principality of 
Aichftatt: nine miles eaft-north-eaft of Aichftatt. 
PENIN'NAH, f. [Heb. a pearl.] The fecond wife of 
Elkanah, the father of Samuel. Peninnah had feveral 
children, (1 Sam. i. 2, 3, &c.) but Hannah, who after¬ 
wards was mother of Samuel, was fora great while bar¬ 
ren. Peninnah, inftead of giving the glory to God, the 
author of fruitfulnefs, was elevated with pride, and in- 
fulted her rival Hannah. But, the Lord having vifited 
Hannah, Peninnah was thereupon humbled; and fome 
interpreters think that God took away her children from 
her, or at lead that (lie had no more after this time, ac¬ 
cording 
