602 PER 
yellow. Florets both in the difk and ray bilabiate her¬ 
maphrodite. Native of Brafil. 
4. Perdicium Magellanicutn : leaves runcinate ; Item 
two-leaved, fimple, one-flowered. This is a pretty little 
plant. Leaves fmall, radical, feveral. Stem quite Am¬ 
ple, tomentofe,vvith two alternate ferrate leaves. Flower 
white, rayed. Native of Terra del Fuego. 
5. Perdicium tomentofum : leaves lyrate, tomentofe 
underneath. This is a fmall, ftemlefs, herbaceous, plant. 
Leaves radical, feveral, petioled, ere6f, a finger’s length ; 
lobes toothed, the end-tooth rounded. Scape tomentofe, 
eredt, one-flowered, a little longer than the leaves. Ca¬ 
lyx. many-leaved, imbricate, fmooth. Flowers with a 
purple ray 5 corollets of the difk yellow, four-cleft; one 
legment longer, linear, more deeply divided from the 
reft ; the two lateral ones fimilar and equal; the middle 
one wider, rounded, fcarcely longer than the lateral ones. 
Native of Japan ; flowering there in April and May. 
6. Perdicium laevigatum : flowers fubradiate, ftem fuf- 
ffuticofe ; leaves lanceolate acute, quite entire. Calyx 
cylindric, confiding of eight equal leaves in one row ; be- 
fides whiclp,\t has often at the bafe two or four fimilar 
leaflets, a little longer than the others. All the florets 
androgynous, bilabiate, fertile ; in the difk four or five, 
tubular, bifid at top, with the lips equal, concave, quite 
entire, villofe on the outfide ; in the ray eight, unequally 
bilabiate; the outer lip ovate-oblong, with two or three 
teeth, and rayed ; inner lip linear, quite entire, rolled 
back at the tip. Receptacle narrow, flat, denfely and 
very-fhortly villofe ; feeds uniform, oblong, obfoletely 
angular, with very minute bridles fcattered over them, 
bay-coloured. Down briftle-fhaped, with very many 
toothlets, twice as long as the feed. This differs from 
the others in the fhape of the florets. 
7. Perdicium anandria, or Siberian perdicium ; (Tuf- 
iilago anandria, Linn.) Stalk radical; fingle-flovvered, 
with feveral awl-fhaped bra&es; leaves lyrate, acute, de- 
nudated on both fides; calyx clofed, longer than the 
florets. Native of Siberia and thenorthern parts of China, 
in mountainous fields. Cultivated by Miller in 1759. It 
flowers in March, and is perennial; but has nothing to 
recommend it as a garden-plant, except botanical Angu¬ 
larity. The root, according to Gmelin, confifts of many 
flefliy fpreading fibres, like that of afphodel. Leaves ra¬ 
dical, ftalked, minutely toothed; when young, cottony 
beneath, but becoming naked and fmooth on both fides 
when fully grown. Flower-ftalk a foot high, much taller 
than the leaves; flower nearly globofe ; its calyx downy, 
clofed, rifing much above the florets, which appear to 
have the proper charafters of Perdicium, as was firft 
pointed out by Mr. Brown. The whole habit of the 
plant, compared with the preceding fpecies, confirms his 
determination of the genus. 
8. Perdicium populifolium ; (Tuflilago fcapo imbri- 
cato, Gmel. Sib. ii. 141. t. 67. f. 1.) Stalk radical, fingle- 
flowered, with feveral fheathing braftes. Leaves ovate, 
wavy, toothed ; denfely woolly beneath. Root creeping. 
Native of Siberia, in ftony places. The root creeps among 
ftones, and is not thicker than a crow’s quill. Leaves 
fimple, (not lyrate,) wavy or coarfely toothed ; cottony 
beneath at all times ; clothed with deciduous down on 
the upper fide when young, but afterwards fmooth and 
fhining, of a dark purplifh hue. Flower-ftalk invefted 
with three or four broad, fheathing, finally fmooth, brakes. 
Flowers white; calyx chiefly downy at the bafe, fcarcely 
more than half the length of the fpreading radius, which 
is white. 
9. Perdicium purpureum : Items moftly fimple, nearly 
Ifeaflefs, afcending; flowers folitary; leaves pinnatifid, 
cur, loofely woolly ; radius revolute. Gathered by Com- 
merfon in the Straits of Magellan. The root is peren¬ 
nial, with long flender fibres. Stems feveral, afcending 
three or four inches high, fimple or rarely divided, loofely 
woolly, bearing ufually one pinnatifid leaf near the bafe, 
and feveral alternate linear undivided ones higher up. 
PER 
Leaves moftly radical, ftalked, clothed with fine long lax 
deciduous wool, deeply pinnatifid ; their fegments ovate, 
or wedge-fhaped, deeply and irregularly cut; their mar¬ 
gins generally entire and fmooth, but now and then mi¬ 
nutely fpinous. Flowers terminal, folitary, about an inch 
wide ; radiant florets ovate, entire, revolute, purple. 
Down more feathery than in the reft. Given by Thouin 
to the younger Linnaeus. 
10. Perdicium nervofum : leaves fimple; downy arid 
ribbed beneath. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
Will denow. 
11. Perdicium Chilenfe : ftem leafy, fingle-flowered ; 
leaves linear-lanceolate, ftalked, ferratedat the extremity. 
Native of Chili. Root perennial. Stems feveral, a fpan 
long, afcending, fmooth, leafy, fingle-flowered. Leaves 
half an inch long, linear-lanceolate, tapering at each end, 
very narrow, fliarply ferrated at the apex. Footftalks 
longer than the leaves. Braftes numerous, foinewhat 
ftalked, of the fliape of the leaves, furrounding the flower, 
which is radiated. Willdenow. 
12. Perdicium ladtucoides; (After mngellanicus, La¬ 
marck.) Stem leafy, fingle-flowered. Radical leaves el¬ 
liptic-lanceolate, on longftalks; the reft feflile, clafping 
the ftem. Gathered at'the Straits of Magellan, by Com- 
merfon, who having marked his fpecimens as an After, 
the plant was defcribed as fuch by Lamarck. The whole 
herb is deftitute of pubefcence. Stem from one to nearly 
two feet high, flender, quite fimple, round, leafy. Ra¬ 
dical leaves feveral, an inch or two long, entire, on flender 
almoft-capillary footftalks, three or four times their own 
length. Flower folitary, rather drooping, not unlike 
that of P. Magellanicum, but fcarcely half fo large. 
13. Perdicium fquarrofum : ftem many-flowered ; leaves 
pinnatifid, with toothed briftly fegments. Gathered by 
Commerfon at Monte Video. A very handfome fpecies. 
The ftem is above a foot high, leafy, corymbofe, hifpid 
in the manner of the fourth fpecies. Leaves feflile, two 
or three inches long, linear, Alining, rough with minute 
points; the radical leaves molt numerous, fomewhat 
ftalked, their fegments rather folded or imbricated. 
Flowers folitary at the top of each branch, from four to 
eight in all, an inch broad; calyx rough, pointed, its 
outer leaves fringed ; radius purple, revolute. 
14. Perdicium recurvatum : ftem fomewhat flirubby; 
leaves linear-lanceolate, recurved, revolute, bordered 
with minute fpines ; flowers terminal,folitary. Gathered 
by Commerfon at the Straits of Magellan. This feems 
to be a low tufted much-branched ftirub, with crowded 
Alining leaves an inch long. Flowering branches eredft, 
roughifh upwards, each bearing a few alternate, fringed, 
clafping leaves, and one ereft purple flower, about an 
inch wide, whofe outer calyx-leaves are fringed with 
fmall fpines. A very pretty and Angular fpecies, which, 
though dift’erent in its firft afpefly difplays, when ex¬ 
amined, abundant marks of affinity to the reft. This ge¬ 
nus is the Trixis of Brown ; and is nearly allied to Tus- 
silago and Anandria. 
PERDI'DO, or Perdigo, a river and bay on thecoaft 
of Weft Florida. The mouth of the river is about ten 
leagues eaft of Mobile Point, and four weft of the line of 
Penfacola. It has a narrow entrance, with a bar of fix 
feet, but afterwards widens confiderably. This was for¬ 
merly the boundary between Florida and Louifiana, fe- 
parating the (then) French and Spanifh dominions, and 
is now confidered as the eaftern boundary of Louifiana, 
though both countries now belong to the United States. 
The river ftretches in one place north-eaft, where it pafies 
within a mile of the great lagoon weft of the entrance of 
Penfacola Harbour; and runs into the Gulf of Mexico, 
forming a large bay at its mouth, in lat. 30. 20. N. Ion. 
87. 26. W. 
PER'DIFOL, f. [from the Lat. perdo, to deftroy, and 
folium, a leaf.] A plant that drops its leaves in winter. 
PERDI'TION, J'. \perditio, Lat.] Deftru&ion; ruin ; 
death.—Upon tidings now arrived, importing the meer 
1 perdition 
