PER 
626 
with fpreading branches. Leaves heart-fhaped, oblong, 
acute, quite entire, large, frnooth, oppofite. Flowers 
bluiffi-white, on ffiort racemes. Native of Cochinchina, 
to the fouth of Huaea the metropolis. It occurs alfo in 
Bengal, but of a fmaller fize. 
14. Periploca fruticofa: leaves oblong-cordate, pube- 
fcent; flowers axillary; ftem (hrubby, climbing. This 
rifes with a ftrong woody ftalk to the height of five or 
fix feet, covered with a grey bark, putting out many 
weak branches, which twill themfelves about any neigh¬ 
bouring fupport, and rife to the height of twenty feet; 
they are garnifhed with heart-lhaped leaves three inches 
long, and two broad near their bafe; they are of a yel- 
lowilh green, covered with filky hairs, which are foft to 
the touch; and Hand oppofite upon pretty long foot- 
llalks. The flowers come out in fmall bunches from the 
wings of the leaves ; they are fmall, white, and of the 
open bell-fhape; thefe are fucceeded by fwelling taper 
pods, filled with feeds crowned with long feathery down. 
Difcovered by Dr. Houftoun at Vera Cruz in America. 
Propagation and Culture. The firll fpecies is eafily 
propagated by laying down the branches, which will put 
out roots in one year, and may then be cut from the old 
plant, and planted where they are to remain. Thefe 
may be tranfplanted, either in autumn when the leaves 
begin to fall, or in the fpring before they begin to flioot; 
and mull be planted where they may have fupport, other- 
wife they will trail on the ground, and fallen themfelves 
about whatever plants are near them. They require 
fun, as they will not flourilh in the lhade. 
The tenth fort is hardy enough to thrive in this coun¬ 
try, with a little proteflion from the froll in winter. If 
the plants are Iheltered under a common frame, or placed 
in a green houfe during the winter feafon, and fet abroad 
with other hardy exotic plants in fummer, they will 
thrive and flower very well ; but, as all the plants of this 
genus have a milky juice, fo they Ihould not have much 
wet, efpecially in cold weather, left it rot them. They 
are eafily propagated by laying down their branches, 
which in one year will have roots enough to tranfplant ; 
thefe Ihould be planted in a light fandy loam not rich, 
and the pots mud not be too large, for when they are 
over-potted they will not thrive. 
The fourteenth fort, being tender, will not thrive in 
England, unlefs the plants are placed in a warm ftove. 
They may be propagated by laying down their branches 
in the fame manner as the former; or from feeds, when 
they can be procured from the places where they natu¬ 
rally grow. Thefe fliould be fown upon a good hot-bed ; 
and, when the plants come up, they mud be treated in 
the fame manner as other tender exotic plants. If thefe 
plants are conftantly kept plunged in the tan-bed of the 
ftove, they will thrive and flower much better than in 
any other fituation, but the ftove fliould not be kept too 
warm in winter; and in the fummer the plants Ihould 
have a large fhare of free air admitted to them ; for, when 
they are kept too clofe, their leaves will be covered with 
infedls, and the plants will become fickly in a ftiort time. 
See Ceropegia, Cynanchum, and F.chites. 
PER'IPLUS,[7r£jji7r^aj, Gr. periple, Fr.] A voyage 
round a certain fea, or fea-coall; circumnavigation.— 
Arrian has defcribed all the coafts of the Black Sea, af¬ 
ter having infpefted them in quality of general of the 
emperor Adrian, to whom he dedicates the defcription, 
under the title, “ Periplus of the Euxine Sea.” Chambers. 
—The “ Periplus Hannonis” is one of the mod curious 
fragments tranfmitted to us by antiquity, and it is the 
only authentic monument of the Carthaginian fkill in 
naval affairs. But fome doubts have been entertained 
concerning its antiquity. The Periplus of the Erythrean 
Sea has been publifhed by Dr. Vincent. 
PERIPNEU'MON Y, J'. [ peripneumonia , Lat. from the 
Gr. vr&pt, about, and irvivyuv, the lungs.] An inflamma- 
ynation of the lungs and breafl, attended with a fever 
and a difficulty of breathing. See p. 24a, 3, of this vo- 
PER 
lume.—A peripneumony is the laft fatal fymptom of every 
difeafe ; for no body dies without a ftagnation of the 
blood in the lungs, which is the total extinflion of breath. 
Arbuthnot. —Lungs, oft imbibing phlegmatic and melan¬ 
cholic humours, are now and then deprehended fchirrous, 
by diflipation of the.fubtiler parts, and lapidification 
of the grofler, that may be left indurated through the 
grofs reliques of peripneumonia, or inflammation of the 
lungs. Harvey ., 
PERIPO'LIUM, in ancient geography, a town of 
Magna Grsecia, in the part called Brutium. It belonged 
to the Locrian-Epizephyrians, on the banks of the fmall 
river Alex, or Halex. 
PERIP'TERAL, adj. in architecture, furrounded with 
columns. See the next article. 
PERIP'TERE, or Periptery, j. [from the Gr. nipi, 
about, and vflepwv, wing; q. d. winged on every fide.] In 
ancient architecture, a building encompafled on the out- 
fide with a feries of infulate columns, forming a kind of 
aide, or portico, all around. Such were the Bafilica 
of Antonine, the Septizon of Severus, the Portico of 
Pompey, See. — Peripteres were properly temples which 
had columns on all the four tides; by which they were 
diftinguifhed from proftyles, and amphiproftyles, the 
one of which had no columns before, and the other none 
on the fides. Chambers. —See Architecture, vol. ii. 
p. 72, 3. 
PERIPU',/. in botany. See Delima. 
PERIPYE'MA, or Peripyoma, f. [from the Gr. ntfi, 
about, and wvov, pus.] A collection of matter about any 
part. 
PERIRRHANTE'RION, f. [Greek.] In antiquity, a 
veflel ufuaily of ftone or brafs, filled with holy water, 
with which all thofe that were admitted to the facrifices 
were fprinkled, and beyond which it was unlawful for any 
one that was profane to pafs. Some fay it was placed in 
the adytum, or inmoft recefs of the temple, into which 
none entered but the pried; but Cafaubon will have it to 
be placed at the door of the temple, which opinion feems 
more probable, becaufe all perfons who were unpolluted 
were permitted to pafs beyond it. 
PERIRRHEU'SA, in ancient geography, an ifland 
placed by Pliny on the'coaftof Ionia, a province of Aha 
Minor. 
PERIRRHCE'A, f. [from the Gr. wept, about, and p»u, 
to flow.] A reflux of humours from the habit into any 
of the larger emunClories, in order to excretion. 
PERISAB'ORA, in ancient geography, a town of 
Afia, in an ifland of the Euphrates, according to Ammi- 
anus Marcellinus. Zofimus calls it Berfabora, and fays 
that it was well fortified, and that it was not inferior in 
grandeur to Ctefiphon. It was fituated fouth-eaft of Sip- 
para. 
PERIS'BA, a town of Perfia, in the province of Irac: 
fifty miles fouth of Hamadan. 
PERIS'CIAN, adj. [from perifeii, Lat.] Having fha- 
dows all around.— In every clime we are in a perifeian 
ftate ; and, with our light, our fliadow and darknefs walk 
about us. Brown s Chr. Mor. 
PERIS'CII, J'. [from the Gr. vrepi, about, and 
fliadow.] Thofe inhabitants of the earth whofe fhadows 
do, in one and the fame day, fucceffively turn to all the 
points of the horizon. Such are the inhabitants of the 
frozen zones, or thofe who live within the compafs of the 
anftic and antarflic circles; for, as the fun never goes 
down to them after he is once up, but moves always 
round about, fo do their fhadows ; infomuch that, in 
the fame day they have their fhadows on all fides. 
To PER'ISH, v.n. [ perir, Fr. pereo, Lat.] To die ; to 
be deftroyed ; to be loft; to come to nothing. It feems 
to have for or with before a caufe, and by before an inftru- 
ment. Locke has by before the caufe.—If I have feen 
any perijh for want of cloathing, then let mine arm fall 
from the fhoulder-blade. Job, xkxi. 29. — He keepeth 
back his foul from the pit, and his life from perijhing by 
the 
