G40 
PER 
by feme mortifications to which the minifter expofed 
i'.itn ; poffibly becaufe he could not condefcend to iervi- 
lity. Perrau.lt retired, and refilled the advances foon 
after made for recalling him. He withdrew to a houfe in 
one of the fuburbs of Paris, in the neighbourhood of the 
colleges, which he chofe for the purpofe of fuperinten¬ 
ding the education of his two fons. Here he palled his 
time in literary leifure, and the enjoyment of domeftic 
happinefs. He exercifed himfelf in writing; and com- 
pofed feveral poems, which .are faid to be remarkable for 
the exaflnefs of their deferiptions. One of thefe, enti¬ 
tled, “ Le Siecle de Louis XIV.” publiflied in 1687, made 
the commencement of a controverfy, which is one of the 
molt remarkable circumltances of his life, and for a time 
divided all his wits in France. In enumerating the glo¬ 
ries of the reign, he had enhanced them by a depreciation 
of the ancients in every point of companion ; and, as 
this was regarded by the votaries of antiquity in the 
light of a profanation, he fupported his opinion by an 
elaborate profe work, entitled, “ Parallele des Anciens et 
des Modernes,” 4. vols. umo. Amongother antagonills, 
he had to encounter the formidable fatirift Eoileau, who 
attacked him not only with all the powers or argument 
of which he was mailer, but with ridicule and invedlive. 
He, indeed, treated Perrault as a perfonal enemy; and, as 
he was of a much lefs forgiving temper than his adverfary, 
he feems never, even after an apparent reconciliation, to 
have regarded him without a degree of malignity. The 
breach had been widened by a poem of Perrault’s called 
“ Apologie des Femmes,” intended as a kind of reply to 
Boileau’s virulent fatire on the fex. He next occupied 
himfelf in drawing up his “ Eloge Hiltorique d’une Par- 
tie des Grands Hommes qui ont paru dans le xvii Seicle.” 
Of this work he publillied two vols. folio, 1697, 1700, 
with the portraits of the fubjedls of his eulogy. The 
llyieof the work is fimple and pleafing, and a tone of mo¬ 
deration reigns through the whole. Among the illuftri- 
ous perfons commemorated, he had not omitted Arnauld 
and Pafcal; but the odious intrigues of the Jefuits ex¬ 
cluded them from the colleflion, till after the death of 
Louis XIV. This eftimable writer, wdio invariably main¬ 
tained the charadler of a man of worth, died in 1703, at 
the age of 70. His poetry is lefs valued than his profe, 
which laft is a model of elegant fimplicity. Sixty years 
after his death appeared his “ Memoirs,” written by him¬ 
felf, valuable for their charadler of franknefs, and curious 
for the anecdotes they contain. D'Alembert Eloges 
A cadem. 
PER'RE, in ancient geography, a town of Afia, in 
Comagene, fituated at the confluence of two fmall rivers, 
which difeharged themlelves into the Euphrates fouth of 
this town. 
PER'REL, a fmall ifland in the Gulf of Tonquin, near 
the coall. Lat. ao. 59. N. Ion. 106. 58. E. 
PER'RECY, a town of France, in the department of 
the Saone and Loire: ten miles north-north-weft ofCha- 
rolles, and fixteen eaft of Bourbon Lancy. 
PER'RENOT (Antony), ufually known by the name 
of Cardinal Granvelle, a dillinguilhed ftatefman, was the 
fon of Nicholas Perrenot, lord of Granvelle, chancellor 
to the emperor Charles V. He was born in 1517 at Be- 
fangon ; and, after ftudying in the univerfities of Louvain 
and Padua with great reputation, entered into holy or¬ 
ders. He was brought to court by his father, and was 
employed by Charles V. in various embaflies, in which he 
acquitted himfelf fo well, that he was made bifliop of 
Arras at the age of twenty-five; and, upon the refigna- 
tion of Charles, was recommended fo itrongly by that fo- 
vereign to his fon Philip II. that he became his mod con¬ 
fidential minifter. From the fee of Arras he was trans¬ 
lated to the archbifhoprick of Mechlin, and in 1561 was 
created a cardinal by Pius IV. Cardinal Granvelle pof- 
fefled great talents for bufinefs ; and is faid to have occu¬ 
pied five fecretaries at once, didlating to them in differ- 
P E R 
ent languages,'of which he thoroughly, poflefled fevenT 
He was a mailer of crafty politics; and in the reign of 
Charles endeavoured to lull the Proteftants into a ftate of 
Security, with refpefl to the preparations that were 
making againft them. When Margaret of Auftria was 
placed by Philip at the head of the government in the 
Low Countries, Granvelle was her principal counfellor, 
and in reality exercifed the whole authority. His cha¬ 
racter is by Grotius reprefented as a compound of indus¬ 
try, vigilance, ambition, luxury, and avarice; and as 
equally furpaffing the common meafure botli in good and 
bad qualities. A zealous Servant to the crown, bis foie 
principle of government was the extenfion of the royal 
prerogative, vvhilft at the fame time he was animated 
with profeftional hatred againft the Proteftants. He at 
length grew fo odious to the nobles and people, that in 
1566 public complaints againft him were tranfmitted to 
Philip, who thought it prudent to recall him. His con- 
du£l, however, by no means loft him his mailer’s favour 
and confidence. After having retired for fome time to 
Befancon, of which city he was made archbifhop, Philip 
again employed him in public affairs. He was lent to 
Rome at the eieftion of Pius V. and was commiffioned 
to negociate a league againft the Turks. After having 
retided fome time at Naples in quality of viceroy, the 
king called him into Spain, and left him in charge of the 
affairs of that kingdom while he went to take pofieftion 
of the crown of Portugal. He was finally nominated 
ambaflador to conclude the marriage of the infanta Ca¬ 
tharine with the duke of Savoy. The fatigue of. this 
journey threw him into an illnefs on his return, which 
carried him off at Madrid in 1586, in the 70th year of his 
age. Robert fon's Charles V. 
PERREPTA'TION, f. [from the Lat. per, through, 
and repo, to creep.] The atl of creeping through. Cole. 
PERREU'X, a town of France, in the department of 
the Rhone and Loire : three miles eaft of Roanne, and 
feven fouth of Charlieu. 
PER'RHHJ, in ancient geography, one of the twelve 
principal towns of Etruria. 
PERRHAJ'BI, a people who inhabited the eaftern part 
of Theffaly, in the vicinity of the fea and of the mouth of 
the river Peneus, according to Strabo, lib. ix. In the 
wars between thefe people and the Lapithse, Ixion and 
his fon Pirithous took pofieftion of their country ; many 
of them retired into Epirus, and the reft withdrew 
into the interior of the country near the river Peneus, 
and the environs of mount Olympus and the river Ti- 
tarefe, where they were blended with the Lapithas. Si¬ 
monides calls them “ Pelafgiotes.” The migration of 
the Perrhsebi into Epirus took place about thirty years 
before the laft war of Troy. 
PER'RIER, f. [from pierre, Fr. aftone.] A kind of 
great gun for fnooting ftones. 
PER'RIER (Charles), a French writer, called by, Me¬ 
nage “the prince of lyric poets,” was born at Aix, and 
died 1692. 
PEk'RIERS, a town of France, and feat of a tribunal, 
in the department of the Channel: eight miles north of 
Coutances, and nine fouth-weit of Carentan. 
PER'RIN (Charles-Jofeph), a French Jefuit, and an 
admired preacher, was born at Paris in the year 1690. 
He exercifed his pulpit-talents with great fuccefs and ap- 
plaufe in feveral of the principal cities in the kingdom, 
and particularly in the metropolis. Upon the difgrace of 
his lociety in France, the archbiftiop of Paris, who was 
favourable to the order, gave him a temporary afylum in 
his palace. His deportment as an ecclefialtic was regular 
and edifying, and his manners agreeable and conciliating; 
but, having rendered himfelf peculiarly obnoxious by the 
ardour of his zeal on behalf of his fociety, the ruin of 
which was irrevocably determined, he was under the ne- 
cefiity of retiring to Liege. In this city he died in 1767, 
when about 77 years of age. He publiflied a Latin poem 
on 
