51 
M O S 
chalked. To hollow or imprefs the defign, they ufe the 
fame inftruments with the fculptors ; the ground, whereon 
they are to work, not being much lei's hard than marble 
itfelf. The cavities, thus made in the ground, are filled 
up with the fame gypfum boiled in glue, only differently 
coloured ; and thus arc the fevera! colours of the original 
repreiented. To have the neceifary colours and tints at 
hand, they temper quantities of the gypfum with the fe- 
veral colours, in little pots. When the defign is thus 
filled, and rendered vifible, by half-polifhing it with brick 
or foft (tone, they go over it again, cutting fucli places as 
are either to be weaker, or more ifrongly fhadowed, and 
filling them with gypfum ; which is repeated till all the 
colours, added one after another, reprefent the original to 
the life. The work, being finilhed, is fcoured with loft 
ftone, fand, and water; then with pumice-ftone; and, 
laftly, polifhed with a wooden rubber, and fine emery; 
then a luftre is given it, by fmearing it over with oil, and 
rubbing it a long time with the palm of the hand; which 
gives itaglofs nothing inferior to that of natural marble. 
5. Feathers. —In Clavigero’s Hiifory of Mexico is de- 
feribed a curious kind of mofaic work, made by the an¬ 
cient Mexicans of the molt delicate and beautiful feathers 
of birds. See the article Mexico, vol. xv. p. 2.99. 
6. Wood. —As to mofaic work of wood, more pro¬ 
perly called marquetry, or inlaid work, the ancients were 
well acquainted with it, and ufed it for the adorning of 
their beds, tables, and other movables ; employing, for 
this purpofe, ivory, beiides the richeft woods. See Mar¬ 
quetry, vol. xiv. p. 403. 
There are, beiides thefe, two other branches of mofaic 
work ; the one called damajkeening, or damajlc-uork, con¬ 
fining in an afi'emblage of gold or iilver threads, of which 
are fometimes formed flat works, and fometimes baffo-re- 
lievos. The other is called Jhell-worh; confiding of ihells, 
artificial congelations, petrifactions, &c. ufed in grottos. 
MOSA'LA, a town of Sweden, in the Lapmark of Tor- 
nea : eighteen miles north-eaft of Kimi. 
MOSAL'SK, a town of Ruilia, in the government of 
Kaluga: forty-eight miles weft of Kaluga. Lat. 54. 20. N. 
Ion. 34 - 34 - E- 
MOSAMBI'QUE. See Mozambique. 
MOS'BACH, a town of Bavaria, in the Upper Palati¬ 
nate : twelve miles north-north-eaft of Nabburg, and 
twenty eaft of Amberg. 
MOS'BACH, a town of the grand duchy of Baden. 
It contains three churches, and fome manufactures of 
cloth, fait, &c. eighteen miles eaft of Heidelberg, and 
twenty-eight eaft of Spire. 
MOS'BACH, a town of the duchy of Wurzburg : five 
miles north of Schweinfurt. 
MOSBRUN'N, a town of Auftria: eight miles fouth 
of Vienna. 
MOS'BURG, a town of the duchy of Carinthia: fix 
miles north-weft of Clagenfurt. 
MOS'BURG, or Mospurg, a town of Bavaria : twenty- 
four miles north-eaft of Munich, and nine fouth-weft of 
Landfhut. Lat. 48. 23. N. Ion. 11. 55. E. 
MOS'CHA, now Majcat, a port of Arabia, on the Red 
Sea. See vol. xiv. p.863. 
MOSCHA'RIA, f. in botany. SeeTfiVCRiuM iva. 
MOS'CHATEL, Moschatel'la, or Moschatel- 
UiNA, f- in botany. See Adoxa. 
MOS'CHEL, or O'ber Mos'chel, late a town ofFrance, 
an the department of Mont Tonnerre: twelve miles 
morth-eaft of £autereck, thirty-two north-north-eaft of 
Deux Ponts. Lat.49.46. N. Ion. 7.43. E. 
MOSCHEL'APHUS,^/! in natural hiftory, a name given 
by fome writers to a creature of a mixed nature, produced 
by the copulation of a flag with a cow. Wagner tells us, 
that thefe creatures are fometimes feen in the mountain¬ 
ous parts of Swifferland; as are all’o the hippotauri, ge¬ 
nerated between a bull and a mare ; but neither of thefe 
ever propagate their fpecies. 
MOSCHEU'TOS, J\ jn botany. See Hibiscus. 
M O S 
MOS'CHI, in ancient geography, a people who inha¬ 
bited a territory north of the Euphrates, between that 
river and the Colchide, and the coalts fouth-eaft of the 
Euxine Sea, according to Strabo. Pliny fays that Phryxus 
built among the Mofchi the rich temple of Leucothasn, 
and eftablilhed there an oracle. This temple was pil¬ 
laged by the Ion of Mithridates. This people alfo occu¬ 
pied a part of Mount Caucafus, where the river Phafis 
took its rife. 
MOS'CHION. Several ancient phyficians of this name 
are mentioned by Galen, Pliny, Soranus, and Plutarch ; 
lome of whom were authors. But the only one, whofe 
writings have been preferred, was a phyfician of the me¬ 
thodic fed, of an uncertain age, but who probably lived 
about the eighth century. His work is extant both in 
Greek and Latin ; but it is fuppofed that the Greek is a 
tranllation from the Latin. It was firft printed at Bade in 
j 538, in the Libri Gyneciorum of Spachius, with the title 
of “ De Mulieribus aftedibus Liber unus;” and has been 
fubfequently republilhed by Gafp. Wolff, with Gefner’s 
Scholia, 1538; and by J. O. Dewes, Vienna, 1793, with 
notes. The work is of little value, fhowing a very im¬ 
peded acquaintance with the fubjed of which it treats. 
Haller. 
MOS'CHLITZ, a town of Saxony, in the county of 
Reuffen : two miles fouth-weft of Schleitz. 
MOS'CHENITZ, a town of Iftria: three miles fouth 
of Laurana. 
MOS'CHO, or Mosho, a town of Africa, in the king¬ 
dom of Dongola, on the left bank of the Nile : 210 miles 
fouth-fouth-weft of Syene, and one hundred north-welt 
of Dongola. Lat. 20. 26. N. Ion. 30. 52. E. 
MOS'CHONT, a fortrefs of Afiatic Turkey, in Ala- 
dulia : twenty-two miles fouth of Arzingan. 
MOSCHOP'ULUS (Emanuel), a Greek grammarian 
who flourifhed in the fourteenth century, was a native of 
the iftand of Crete, and wrote a treatife on grammar, firft 
printed in 1545.—His nephew, Emanuel, was a confider- 
able mathematician and antiquary. He compofed a Greek 
Lexicon in 1545. 
MOS'CHUS, a Greek paftoral poet, was a native o? 
Syracule. The time when he flourilhed is very differently 
ftated ; fome making him a pupil of Bion, who is fup¬ 
pofed to have lived under Ptolemy-Philadelphus, while 
Suidas fpeaks of him as the friend of the grammarian 
Ariltarchus, who fiourifhed under Ptoiemy-Philometor 
about 160 years before Chrift. The tendernefs with 
which he fpeaks of Bion in his beautiful elegy on that poet 
feems, however, to render probable his perfonal acquaint¬ 
ance with him. Mofchus is a poet of great elegance of 
ftyle, and more delicacy and ingenuity in his conceptions 
than ufual among the bucolic poets. His <s Runaway 
Love,” in particular, deferves a high rank among the fen- 
timental pieces. A few Idyis are the whole of his remains, 
and of fome of thefe the real author is uncertain. They 
are generally printed in conjunction with thofe of Biou. 
Gen. Biog. 
MOS'CHUS, f. in zoology, the Music ; a genus of the 
clafs mammalia, order pecora. Generic characters—They 
have no horns ; there are eight fmall cutting teeth in the 
lower jaw ; in the upper, no cutting or fore teeth ; but two 
long tufks, one on each fide, projecting out of the mouth. 
An odoriferous lubftance produced by lome of thefe. ani¬ 
mals, and which has long been ufed in perfumery and me¬ 
dicine, is what has chiefly recommended them to notice. 
That lubftance was long known and valued in Europe 
before any authentic information could be obtained con¬ 
cerning the circumftances, form, and manners, of the 
animals that afforded it. It feems to have been unknown 
to the ancients, but is mentioned in the eighth century 
by the Arabians, who ufed the drug in their medical prac¬ 
tice. At that period, and long after, the animal was by 
fome confidered as a kind of goat, by others as a fpecies of 
deer, or antelope, and of courfe was fuppofed to be a 
homed animal. About the dole of the feventeenth cen- 
tury # 
